MASS-ENERGY BALANCE

(Per Week Operation):

SUAM INSTANT SOUP

Malunggay Leaves = 12,000 kg

Large Eggs (20,000eggs×0.057

kg/egg) =1,140 kg
Raw Materials
Ginger = 4,000 kg

Additives (salt&white pepper) =

1000 kg

Malunggay = 11,880 kg

Electrical Energy = 8.8 kW

Mech. Energy = 7.48 kW

Kinetic Energy = 6.73 kW

Potential Energy = 5.38 kW

Malunggay Leaves = 12,000 kg Human Energy = 0.076 kW

Water = 12,000 L
Power = 1.1 kW/hr Ginger = 3,960 kg
Air Bubble
Human Power = 0.1 kW Vegetable Electrical Energy = 2.94 kW
Washing Machine Mech. Energy = 2.94 kW
Ginger = 4,000 kg (BST-BW-8000) Kinetic Energy = 2.25 kW
Water = 12,000 L Potential Energy = 1.9 kW
Power = 1.1 kW/hr Human Energy = 0.092 kW
Human Power = 0.1 kW

Malunggay dirt = 120 kg Ginger dirt = 40 kg

Wastewater = 12,000 L Wastewater = 12,000 L
Motor Loss= 1.76 kW Motor Loss = 0.441 kW
Friction Loss = 2.11 kW Friction Loss = 0.25 kW
Bubble Form. Loss = 0.74 Bubble Form. Loss = 0.35
kW kW
Human Energy = 0.024 kW Human Energy = 0.008 kW
 Egg white + Egg yolk =
1,003.2 kg

Electrical Energy = 3.2 kW

Mech. Energy = 2.88 kW

Kinetic Energy = 2.74 kW

Potential Energy = 2.33 kW

Separation Mechanism
Energy = 2.1 kW
Large Eggs (20,000 pcs=0.057
kg/pc=1,140 kg) Automatic Egg Human Energy = 0.076 kW
Breaker Cracker
Power = 0.4 kW/hr (RX-0)
Human power = 0.1 kW Eggshells = 136.8 kg

Motor Loss = 0.32 kW

Transmission Loss = 0.14 kW

Cracking Mechanism Loss =

0.41 kW

Separation Mechanism Loss =

0.23 kW

Human Energy = 0.024 kW

Sliced ginger = 3,880.8 kg

Electrical Energy = 12 kW

Mech. Energy = 10.2 kW

Kinetic Energy = 9.18 kW

Cutting Energy = 6.89 kW

Ginger = 3,960 kg Vegetable
Human Energy = 0.076 kW
Power = 1.5 kW/hr Slicing Machine

Human Power = 0.1 kW (LGY501)

Broken ginger = 79.2 kg

Motor Loss = 1.8 kW

Friction Loss = 1.02 kW

Cutting Mech. Loss = 2.29 kW

Human Energy = 0.024 kW

 Suam Soup Mixture = 17,764
kg

Electrical Energy = 12 kW

Malunggay leaves = 11,880 kg Mech. Energy = 10.8 kW

Egg white+Egg yolk = 1,003.2 Kinetic Energy = 9.18 kW

kg
Human Energy = 0.228 kW
Sliced ginger = 3,880.8 kg Mixing Tank
Machine
Additives (Seasoning) = 1,000
kg Motor Loss = 1.2 kW

Power = 1.5 kW/hr Agitator Loss = 1.02 kW

Human Power = 0.3 kW Human Energy = 0.072 kW

Suam Soup Mixture = 17,764

kg

Electrical Energy = 180 kW

Compressor Energy = 126 kW

Suam Soup Mixture = 17,764 kg T2 = -5°C

Power = 25 kW/hr Human Energy = 0.228 kW

Temporary Cold
Cpmixture = 2.28 kJ/kg-°C
Storage
T1 = 25°C
Electrical Loss = 20 kW
Human Power = 0.3 kW
Compressor Loss = 54 kW

Heat loss = -1,215,057.6 kJ

Temperature loss = 30°C

Human Energy = 0.072 kW

Freeze dried suam soup =

Suam Soup Mixture = 17,764 kg 3,552.8 kg
Freeze Dryer
Power = 175 kW/hr Electrical Energy = 2,196 kW
Machine
Human Power = 0.2 kW Heat Energy = 1,756.8 kW

Human Energy = 0.052 kW


Freeze Dried Suam Soup
Mixture = 3,552.8 kg
Power = 16 kW/hr
Bags = 59,213.33 pcs
Box = 4,935 box
Human Power = 0.3 kW
Bags = 59,213.33 pcs
Box = 4,935 box
Human Power = 0.2 kW
Fuel Consumption
transportation = 1 gallon/hr
Sublimated water = 14,211.2
kg
Electrical Loss = 244 kW
Heat Loss = 439.2 kW
Human Energy = 0.048 kW
Packs = 59,213.33 (60 gram
per piece)
Box = 4,935 box (12 pieces
per box)
Electrical Energy = 115.2 kW
Mech. Energy = 103.68 kW
Pneumatic Energy = 93.31
kW
Heat Energy = 5.60 kW
Human Energy = 0.228 kW
Packing
Machine
(HC - 360)
Electrical Loss = 12.8 kW
Motor Loss = 11.52 kW
Pneumatic Loss = 10.37 kW
Heat Loss = 87.71 kW
Human Energy = 0.072 kW
Bags = 59,213.33 pcs
Box = 4,935 box
Human Power = 0.052 kW
Distribution
Fuel Loss = 8 gallons
for
Human Energy = 0.048 kW
Legend:

Process/Machinery Output

Input Losses
Computation for Mass-Energy Balance (per batch operation):

1. Air Bubble Vegetable Washing Machine (BST-BW-8000)

Machine capacity = 1500 kg/hr % Weight Loss = 1%

Power = 1.1 kW/hr Operated by 1 person each machine

A. Malunggay Leaves

Mass:

 Input = 12,000 kg
 Losses, mass = Input × % Losses = 12,000 kg × 0.01 = 120 kg
 Output, mass = Input – Losses = 12,000 kg – 120 kg = 11,880 kg
 Input, water = 12,000 L
 Water Losses = 12,000 L × 100% = 12,000 L
 Hours of operation = 12,000 kg × 1 hr/1,500 kg = 8 hrs

Energy:

 Electrical Energy (100% Eff) = 1.1 kW/hr × 8 hrs = 8.8 kW

 Mechanical Energy (Eff = 85%) = 8.8 kW × 0.85 = 7.48 kW
Motor Loss = 8.8 – 7.48 = 1.32 kW
 Kinetic Energy (Eff = 90%) = 7.48 kW × 0.9 = 6.73 kW
Friction Loss = 7.48 – 6.73 = 0.75 kW
 Potential Energybubble (Eff= 80%) = 6.73 kW × 0.8 = 5.38 kW
Bubble Formation Loss = 6.73 – 5.84 = 0.89 kW
 Human Energy
Power generated by human @ rest = 100W
During working hours, 3% of human power is lost per working hours:
Loss = 0.1 kW × 0.03 = 0.003 kW/hr × 8 hrs = 0.024 kW
Output = 0.1 kW – 0.024 kW = 0.076 kW

B. Ginger

Mass:

 Input = 4,000 kg
 Input, water = 12,000 L
 Losses, mass = Input × % Losses = 4,000 kg × 0.01 = 40 kg
 Output, mass = Input – Losses = 4,000 kg – 40 kg = 3,960 kg
 Water Losses = 12,000 L × 100% = 12,000 L
 Hours of operation = 4,000 kg × 1 hr/1,500 kg = 2.67 hrs

Energy:

 Electrical Energy = 1.1 kW/hr × 2.67 hrs = 2.94 kW

 Mechanical Energy (Eff = 85%) = 2.94 kW × 0.85 = 2.50 kW
 Motor Loss = 2.94 – 2.5 = 0.441 kW
 Kinetic Energy (Eff = 90%) = 2.50 kW × 0.9 = 2.25 kW
Friction Loss = 2.5 – 2.25 = 0.25 kW
 Potential Energybubble (Eff= 80%) = 2.25 kW × 0.8 = 1.9 kW
Bubble Formation Loss = 2.25 – 1.9 = 0.35 kW
 Human Energy
Power generated by human @ rest = 100W
During working hours, 3% of human power is lost per working hours:
Loss = 0.1 kW × 0.03 = 0.003 kW/hr × 2.67 hrs = 0.008 kW
Output = 0.1 kW – 0.008 kW = 0.092 kW

2. Automatic Egg Breaker Cracker (RX-0)

Machine capacity = 2,500 eggs/hr Power = 0.4 kW/hr

Operated by 1 person

Mass:

 Input = 20,000 eggs × 0.057 kg/egg = 1,140 kg

 Losses = Total weight × % Egg shells
 Egg shells compromises 12% of the total weight of egg, therefore;
 Losses = 1,140 kg × 0.12 = 136.8 kg (egg shells)
 Output = Input – Losses = 1,140 kg – 136.8 kg = 1,003.2 kg

Energy:

 Electrical Energy (100% Eff) = 0.4 kW/hr × 8 hrs = 3.2 kW

 Mechanical Energy (Eff = 90%) = 3.2 kW × 0.9 = 2.88 kW
Motor Loss = 3.2 – 2.88 = 0.32 kW
 Kinetic Energy (Eff = 95%) = 2.88 kW × 0.95 = 2.74 kW
Transmisison Loss = 2.88 – 2.74 = 0.14 kW
 Potential Energy (Eff = 85%) = 2.74 kW × 0.85 = 2.33 kW
Cracking Mechanism Loss = 2.74 – 2.33 = 0.41 kW
 Separation Mechanism Energy (Eff = 90%) = 2.33 kW × 0.9 = 2.1 kW
Separation Mechanism Loss = 2.33 – 2.1 = 0.23 kW
 Human Energy
Power generated by human @ rest = 100W
During working hours, 3% of human power is lost per working hours:
Loss = 0.1 kW × 0.03 = 0.003 kW/hr × 8 hrs = 0.024 kW
Output = 0.1 kW – 0.024 kW = 0.076 kW

3. Vegetable Slicing Machine

Machine capacity = 500 kg/hr % Losses = 2% weight loss

Power = 1.5 kW/hr Operated by 1 person
Mass:

 Input = 3,960 kg
 Losses = Input × % Losses = 3,960 kg × 0.02 = 79.2 kg (broken pieces)
 Output = Input – Losses = 3,960 kg – 79.2 kg = 3880.8 kg (sliced ginger)

Energy:

 Electrical Energy (100% Eff) = 1.5 kW/hr × 8 hrs = 12 kW

 Mechanical Energy (Eff = 85%) = 12 kW × 0.85 = 10.2 kW
Loss = 12 – 10.2 = 1.8 kW
 Kinetic Energy (Eff = 90%) = 10.2 kW × 0.9 = 9.18 kW
Loss = 10.2 – 9.18 = 1.02 kW
 Cutting Energy (Eff = 75%) = 9.18 kW × 0.75 = 6.89 kW
Loss = 9.18 – 6.89 = 2.29 kW
 Human Energy
Power generated by human @ rest = 100W
During working hours, 3% of human power is lost per working hours:
Loss = 0.1 kW × 0.03 = 0.003 kW/hr × 8 hrs = 0.024 kW

4. Mixing Tank Machine

Machine capacity = 2250 kg/hr Operated by 3 people

Power = 1.5 kW/hr

Mass:

 Input = 11,880 kg malunggay + 1,003.2 kg egg white & egg yolk + 3,880.8 kg sliced ginger +
1,000 kg seasoning
Total input weight = 17,764 kg
 Input = Ouput = 17,764 (mixture of suam soup)

Energy:

 Electrical Energy = 1.5 kW/hr × 8 hrs = 12 kW

 Mechanical Energy (Eff = 90%) = 12 kW × 0.9 = 10.8 kW
Motor Loss = 12 – 10.8 = 1.2 kW
 Kinetic Energy (Eff =85%) = 10.8 kW × 0.85 = 9.18 kW
Agitator Loss = 10.8 – 9.18 = 1.02 kW
 Human Energy
Power generated by human @ rest = 100W × 3 people = 300W = 0.3 kW
During working hours, 3% of human power is lost per working hours:
Loss = 0.3 kW × 0.03 = 0.009 kW/hr × 8 hrs = 0.072 kW
Output = 0.3 kW – 0.073 kW = 0.228 kW

4. Temporary Cold Storage

Capacity = 18,000 kg
 Power = 25 kW/hr

Operated by 3 people

Mass:

 Input = Output = 17,764 kg (Suam Soup Mixture)

Energy:

 Electrical Energy (90% Eff) = 25 kW/hr × 8 hrs =200 kW × 0.9 = 180 kW

Electrical Losses (10%) = 200 kW – 180 kW = 20 kW
 Compressor Energy (70% Eff) = 180 kW × 0.7 = 126 kW
Compressor Inefficiency Losses (30%) = 180 – 126 = 54 kW
 Heat Energy Removal:
Heat Energy per hour (Q/hr) = m × Cp × ΔT / t
Where: m = total weight mixture = 17,764 kg
Cp = Specific heat capacity of mixture = 2.28 kJ/kg-°C
ΔT = Final Temp. – Initial Temp. = (-5°C - 25°C) = -30°C
t = 8 hours
Q/hr = 17,764 kg × 2.28 kJ/kg-°C × -30°C / 8 hours
Q/hr = -151,882.2 kJ/hr (negative indicates heat removal)
Total heat energy removed (Qout) = Q/hr × duration time
Qout = -151,882.2 kJ/hr × 8 hours = -1,215,057.6 kJ
 Human Energy
Power generated by human @ rest = 100W × 3 persons = 300W = 0.3 kW
During working hours, 3% of human power is lost per working hours:
Loss = 0.3 kW × 0.03 = 0.009 kW/hr × 8 hrs = 0.072 kW
Output = 0.3 kW – 0.073 kW = 0.228 kW

5. Freeze Dryer Machine

Machine Capacity = 9,000 kg/batch

Power = 175 kW/hr

% Losses = 80% weight loss

Hours of operation per batch = 20 hours
Operated by 2 people

Mass:

 Input = 17,764 kg (Suam soup mixture, approximately ~ 70% ave. MC)

 No. of batch = 17,764 kg × 1 batch/9,000 kg = 1.97 batch = 2 batches
 Input per batch = 17,764 kg / 2 batches = 8,882 kg/batch
 Losses per batch = 8,882 kg/batch × 0.8 weight loss = 7,105.6 kg/batch
 Total losses (sublimated water) = 7,105.6 kg/batch × 2 batches = 14,211.2 kg
 Output = Input – Losses = 8,882 kg – 7,105.6 kg
= 1,776.4 kg (freeze dried suam soup mixture)
  Total Output = 1,776.4 kg/batch × 2 batches = 3,552.8 kg

Energy:

 Power = 305 kW/batch × 8 batch = 2,440 kW

 Electrical Energy (10%loss) = 2,440 kW × 0.9 = 2,196 kW
Loss = 2,440 – 2,196 = 244 kW
 Heat Energy for sublimation (20% loss) = 2,196 kW × 0.8 = 1,756.8 kW
Loss = 2,196 - 1,756.8 = 439.2 kW
 Human Energy
Power generated by human @ rest = 100W × 2 people = 200W = 0.2 kW
During working hours, 3% of human power is lost per working hours:
Loss = 0.2 kW × 0.03 = 0.006 kW/hr × 8 hrs = 0.048 kW
Output = 0.2 kW – 0.048 kW = 0.052 kW

6. Packing Machine (HC-360)

Machine capacity = 130 packs/min

Power = 16 kW/hr
Operated by 3 people

Mass:

 Input = Freeze dried mixture of suam soup = 3,552.8 kg

 No. of stand-up pouch = 3,552.8 kg × 1000 g/kg × 1pc/60g
= 59,213.33 = 59,214 pcs
 No. packaging box = 59,214 pcs × 1 box/12 pcs = 4,934.5 = 4,935 box
 Input = Output = 59,213.33 (60 gram per piece)
= 4,935 box (12 pieces per box)

Energy:

 Electrical Energy (10% losses) = 16 kW/hr × 8 hrs = 128 kW × 0.9 = 115.2 kW

Loss = 128 -115.2 = 12.8 kW
 Mechanical Energy (Eff = 90%) = 115.2 kW × 0.9 = 103.68 kW
Motor Loss = 115.2 – 103.68 = 11.52 kW
 Pneumatic Energy (10% losses) = 103.68 kW × 0.9 = 93.31 kW
Pneumatic Loss = 103.68 – 93.31 = 10.37 kW
 Heat Energy (6% losses) = 93.31 kW × 0.06 = 5.60 kW
Heat Loss = 93.31 - 5.60 = 87.71 kW
 Human Energy
Power generated by human @ rest = 100W × 3 persons = 300W = 0.3 kW
During working hours, 3% of human power is lost per working hours:
Loss = 0.3 kW × 0.03 = 0.009 kW/hr × 8 hrs = 0.072 kW
Output = 0.3 kW – 0.073 kW = 0.228 kW
7. Distribution

Mass:

 Input = Output = 59,213.33 packs (60 gram per piece)

= 4,935 box (12 pieces per box)

Energy:

 Fuel Consumption = 1 gallon/hr × 8 hrs = 8 gallons

 Human Energy
Power generated by human @ rest = 100W × 2 people = 200W = 0.2 kW
During working hours, 3% of human power is lost per working hours:
Loss = 0.2 kW × 0.03 = 0.006 kW/hr × 8 hrs = 0.048 kW
Output = 0.2 kW – 0.048 kW = 0.052 kW