THREAD

STANDAR
DS
 THREADED FASTENERS: THREAD STANDARD

THREAD STANDARDS AND DEFINITIONS

I
• Pitch – distance between adjacent
threads. Reciprocal of threads per
inch.
• Major diameter – largest diameter
of thread.
• Minor diameter – smallest
diameter of thread.
• Pitch diameter – theoretical
diameter between major and
minor diameters, where tooth and
gap are same width.
 STANDARDIZATION

• The American National (Unified) thread standard defines

basic thread geometry for uniformity and interchangeability
• American National (Unified) thread
• UN normal thread
• UNR greater root radius for fatigue applications
• Metric thread
• M series (normal thread)
• MJ series (greater root radius)
• Coarse series UNC
⚬ General assembly
⚬ Frequent disassembly
⚬ Not good for vibrations
⚬ The “normal” thread to specify
 STANDARDIZATION

• Fine series UNF

⚬ Good for vibrations
⚬ Good for adjustments
⚬ Automotive and aircraft
• Extra Fine series UNEF
⚬ Good for shock and large vibrations
⚬ High grade alloy
⚬ Instrumentation
⚬ Aircraft
 STANDARDIZATION

• Basic profile for metric M and MJ threads shown in Fig. 8–2

•  Tables 8–1 and 8–2 define basic dimensions for standard threads
DIAMETERS AND AREAS FOR METRIC THREADS
DIAMETERS AND AREAS FOR UNIFIED SCREW THREADS
 THREAD DEFINITIONS

• Screw Thread: A ridge of uniform section in the form of a helix.

 • External Thread: External threads are on the outside of a member.
– A chamfer on the end of the screw thread makes it easier to
engage the nut.
• Internal Thread: Internal threads are on the inside of a member.

– An internal thread is cut using a tap.

• Major DIA (D): The largest diameter (For both internal and external
threads).
• Minor DIA (d): The smallest diameter.
• Depth of thread: (D-d)/2
• Pitch DIA (dP): The diameter at which a line cuts the spaces and threads
equally.
• Crest: The top surface.
• Root: The bottom Surface.
• Side: The surface between the crest and root.
• Angle of Thread (A): The angle between the threads.
• Screw Axis: The longitudinal centerline.
• Lead: The distance a screw thread advances axially in one turn.
• Right Handed Thread: Advances when turned CW. (Threads are assumed
RH unless specified otherwise.)
• Left Handed Thread: Advances when turned CCW
THANK
YOU!