COMPUTER NETWORKS

Q.You are a network consultant and have been invited by a small company
to submityour recommendations for expanding their network. This company is
presentlyoccupying a small office in a single floor in a large building and their small
networkuses the TCP/IP protocol. The company is expanding and will soon be
occupyingfive floors in that building

(I)Analyze the need for the network and propose a suitable network design (5marks)
Ans:Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) is a computer network that interconnects
users withcomputer resources in a geographic region of the size of a
metropolitan area. The termMAN is applied to the interconnection of local area
networks (LANs) in a city into a singlelarger network which may then also offer
efficient connection to a wide area network. Theterm is also used to describe the
interconnection of several local area networks in ametropolitan area through the
use of point-to-point connections between them.
• A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a large computer network that usually spans
a city or a large campus.
• A MAN is optimized for a larger geographical area than a LAN, ranging from
several blocks of buildings to entire cities.

• A MAN might be owned

and operated by a single organization, but it usually will be usedby many individuals
and organizations. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
• A MAN often acts as a
high-speed network to allow sharing of regional resources.
• A MAN typically covers an area
of between 5 and 50 km diameter.
• Examples of MAN: Telephone company network that provides a
high-speed DSL tocustomers and cable TV network.
II.Write a detailed setup of network devices needed for this network (5marks)
Ans:Following is the list of hardware's required to setup a computer network.
1.Network Cables
2.Distributors
3.Routers
4.Internal Network Cards
5.External Network Cards
6.Network Cables

Network cables are used to connect computers. The most commonly used cable is
Category5 cable RJ-45
.Distributors
A computer can be connected to another one via a serial port but if we need to
connectmany computers to produce a network, this serial connection will not work.
The solution isto use a central body to which other computers, printers, scanners etc.
can be connectedand then this body will manage or distribute network traffic.
Router
A router is a type of device which acts as the central point among computers and
otherdevices that are part of a network. A router is equipped with holes called ports
andcomputers and other devices are connected to a router using network cables. Now-
a-daysrouter comes in wireless modes using which computers can be connected
without anyphysical cable.
Network Card:
Network card is a necessary component of a computer without which a
computer cannot beconnected over a network. It is also known as network adapter or
Network Interface Card(NIC). Most branded computers have network card pre-
installed

CYCLIC REDUNDANCY CHECK

HAMMING CODES
ODD 1-0
2-1
3-0
4-1
5-0
6-1
7-0
8-1
9-0
10-1

EVEN 1-1
2-0
3-1
4-0
5-1
6-0
7-1
8-0
9-1
10-0
 CHECK SUM

Uppercase:
A - 01000001
B - 01000010
C - 01000011
D - 01000100
E - 01000101
F - 01000110
G - 01000111
H - 01001000
I - 01001001
J - 01001010
K - 01001011
L - 01001100
M - 01001101
N - 01001110
O - 01001111
P - 01010000
Q - 01010001
R - 01010010
S - 01010011
T - 01010100
U - 01010101
V - 01010110
W - 01010111
X - 01011000
Y - 01011001
Z - 01011010

Lowercase:
a - 01100001
b - 01100010
c - 01100011
d - 01100100
e - 01100101
f - 01100110
g - 01100111
h - 01101000
i - 01101001
j - 01101010
k - 01101011
l - 01101100
m - 01101101
n - 01101110
o - 01101111
p - 01110000
q - 01110001
r - 01110010
s - 01110011
t - 01110100
u - 01110101
v - 01110110
w - 01110111
x - 01111000
y - 01111001
z - 01111010
NUMBERS
0 - 00110000
1 - 00110001
2 - 00110010
3 - 00110011
4 - 00110100
5 - 00110101
6 - 00110110
7 - 00110111
8 - 00111000
9 - 00111001