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lahd Non- bePadid tlon obJectips o
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con fidentiitu ageenents ehjch enste
thi t the infomd bion is eataiete to
Cogts'n PeoPle o Pleces
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Cds Sociote d Connunicdhon
Cann otdeny the ce Hhen tËci ty at theix endiny
theis document o tho

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 640 19
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3Ditfe sen tiate betoeen a bloc k cifhe cmd e

taecm chil cilhex

LBlack cifhex Gt oem_cilbe

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elain tetinto ifhez teot pkin tect into ciphea tet
takind_Plain tezct's blect by taking byte of Plain
at d time tesct at a tim k
’Block ciphes yGes eithex chile stoeam cithes

2 Tho conplexit ot black Ghile stsem cIpbes S

cilhex is SimPle com ple2c
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JSeE ony confusioh
ln bbek ciphex aevexs2 chile inh-stoeun ciPhes,
encalted test iS hlgdevea Se chcoPted tert is
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 The algoaithn odes ctich The dl gosihmnodes ahieh
E C dnd cBC. doe CEB Cnd OPB
- Bloct cilhes Gox ks oh chile Gtoeymciphex
m
tanspo sition techniesrO8ks oh bstitetion
ike a - fence techaigete chpi9es like cA esua
colonny todnsposition. lciphes,pol gxdm substitetjoh
tecbnia0 etc eiphes,etc
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fas t in cespuiS on to
ciPhea bloc k cPhex
>syjtable fo aPPlicgtionsGita bl e fox aPPlia hons
thdt ae Q2lize staong Hhte9ie staong
encay ption,sch cs fle ehcoP tion, sch gs file
ststohgo onà intoanet Gtooage
commlnice tons Comm2n'cuons
none GecH b than stoean Less Se cTe thd h black
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is 29ed maltiPle times s 2sed mltiple t'mes
2ke y Jength s Typjcally key lendth is TyPlca)ly
Jendt ehcxypto data one bjt
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4Defng Active and Pasojve gtwcko Gith Ezdnples.
Hetive uitacks i
Tn active dtty okS) the dtfdckes
in tex cefts the onnection dnd efcats to madif the

Qvaila bilhity of the messdge.Pctive dttacks in ole

mds Quebude, modifia tion ot meSsq9e, Rufed'at on,
Re Pldy, ynd Denyl of seavico. The sstem tesoaxCe con
be choned dee to cctie CHtokG. Sa, the denage dre
cith cctive atucks can be bdgmf l to the System
Example

Gibtem ith togtfic to uexchelm its co Pacits

mdkjnd it Jnq våil ble to eas. An ecap Ple is q
Ps toibyted penial ot seice CDpos) ttek
mn-in- theMidd le Coito)-Inteyceptng cnt Possibly
altexind Comucotjon beteean too axhes eithok
heio Knoe Jedy u, An czgmle is e perso nintes ceplhg
nSeca Net ri-fi toutic to pqvgs daop_ on sensitive
info mdtio n
Iniectioh Attceks njectng maliclo s code od
copndnds intoO 9ýstem to ndniPa b h ts be bavr'os.
1
SQL inJection, hene dn attuckes ihser ts GoL cod e
into inPestfelds to gaih unga thoted dcesS,
eamPle.

Peuss iNe gttucks, the atuckos

ObseaveG the Mess4ges, ten
The utot
vision does no t toy to che ng e he in fogmutHon co erAon t
 JHod h Pessjv0_atac ks do not
hdan the sgste m tey Can be d dn 90 fo the
Con fi de)tiolly
Eocgmple -
Eu veg dxogPing &- Ondethozet intescepton ct
mnUn) ceutjon to gate nfo mCtñon Sn;Hing
UnCncoV Pted Ctti tadffic fo captase Sensitive
dta s yn ecam ple.
Ta atic And busls i Bnalyzny Pattens and Ghott tel
Choadcte a'sti'cs of cenmanica
hon, auen oitho t
nde ssanding ho Con tent. Monitoain the tinn q
and fe uen cy of me5S ages to tedce Puttesns
0¢ behaujoas is a foxm of tsotic analysiG
toagetjstem, often ottholt ditect inteoacion.
For insBunce un ottuckey mi'ght vs to ls to
diccove petok topolosty ox identify Po tential
yabeabilities citholt elctvely engudin ath
he Syste m,

S]Explan Joang Pos) tion Tec hnige

The toonslositjon tochn'9ae is 4 ayptoysyfh
tec hnigz 2 thd t Convests the Phin tat to cifher
tot by peatosmin g PrXma ta tion& on he Plain tet,
|.e., chcmgjn 9 each cha¡a ctux ot Pla'n tet for
each oand. t nchdes vàLo s techn'os
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tansPosjtion. tochn 2e, simple column t
tupspo sition techn, gae citt mlti ple tund
Vonom ciphes n) bock ciphez tu cncuPt th
vision pl n tect in e
 fai- Funce Te chni9e

Colamn d Tdns PoG)ton Tochnie

3colom ndx TaunsRoajton Techn9e ctth Walti plp

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m

key ciPhes
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 6J Elu bodte AEs encaeftion oit ned t_ Sketches,.
AE Gc Adcn ca d Enco Ptjon gtun dydois c
Symmetojc hey encasPtion alelorhm bid le y
Usefo Secubin g senstive tofobhation. t
OPeotes on fËxed- sjze blocks_of deta end
SUlos ts Key s'ees of le J9 2s6 blbs
Sjmplifie d exPlanct'on of the p s
ehcayftjo Process oth e aepresmtoHio:

AES Encoption steps s

J. keg Ecpnsjon &
OU1gingl key 2)) degs d ke y
opdnGion Paocess to ge n e adte a set oA
Und kegc
theso 0 n d
Su bseQent encyp ton

ntia Rochd
te blocke
The plain te oet js dited into
Thein tig | d n d ncludos the r Add Roundke
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's com bine d th c Corte
the zon d tko y

3. bain po nds & tdnsfozmtron ane fetoso

hain
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ech cobsis
fer fozme , oie Colan n5 cnd
Gub Byte, shit Roos1
Add PoUnd te. fessiab,
fesjoh,d1di ysioh,
Thes e oferationg froude con
the ecdaiky
dnd non- lneqajt en hencin
visioN of the encg Ption
 sabBtes
Byte s dbstiffjop sipg Pbedefjned
sybstifa tion toble CS-box
Fach byte in te block s De place J t a
Cc btespchdind en tog tom the s - 6o
shitt poos
Byte s in each o ot the 6lock ae
shtte d 6 oi vdagjng off sett,
Thie step Prait ec diffesion by miing
UP he Posihons of he bytes
onetion g on the clounnG of the block
to fu the cacmle +he data.
Sach cdumn is mhiPled hy g flxed matix
and the xoRed to Poraduce
DeGeo coemn VluGa
Pdo Pount key
eaoh byte of the bloc l< ca'th the
ccsze spon ding byte fao)n ho Joan d key.
4

. FincJ|_ Bound
Gimilu to the ngjn 0end but eaclu de s
the njx Colmns. oPesc t'on.
the Last hdd Roun d key OPesution disec the
findl Koy.

EsiOR
 Plain Teat cle hËt

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Qond a Espdnslon
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