The

Analyst
Handout CHANDIGARH MAYOR POLL
21st February, 2024

Context: The SC has quashed the result of the January 30 elections for the post of
Mayor of Chandigarh Municipal corporation.

Article 142: Criticism:

● Powers of Supreme Court under this
Article: Pass such decree or make such
order as is necessary for doing
complete justice
● In any cause or matter pending
● Enforceable throughout territory
Noticeable use of Article 142:
● Prem Chand Garg Case 1962: Defend
the scope “must not only be consistent
with the Fundamental rights…
substantive provisions of the relevant
statutory laws” Way Ahead:
● Union Carbide Corporation vs UOI
Case 1991: Ordered UCC to pay $470
million in compensation thus placing
itself in a position above the
Parliamentary laws
● Siddiq vs Mahant Suresh Das:
Handover of the land to trust
● Grounds of Separation of Power:
Cancellation of Coal Block Allocation
(2014), 1993 onwards
● “Judiciary can not be held
accountable for its actions”: In Vinay
Chandra Mishra case - disciplinary
action
● Definition of Complete Justice
● Wide discretion: In R.S. Naik vs A.R.
Antulay: SC using Article 142
transferred cases special judge to
High Court
● Strict Guidelines: In 2006, “State of
Karnataka vs Umadevi” clarified
that complete justice refers to “justice
according to law and not sympathy”
● Article 142 shall be used only as
“exceptional provision”
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Analyst
Handout NANOPLASTIC POLLUTION
21st February, 2024

Context: Recent study analysed the presence of Nanoplastics in various products like
water bottles.

What is Nanoplastic pollution? Way Forward:

● Nanoparticles which are less in size
1: Regulatory Measures:
than 100 nm
● They come from various sources such ● Ban on intentional plastics: Taiwan’s
as: ban on Microbeads
● Natural fragmentation ● Encouraging industries
● Mechanical, Chemical
● Intentional: Industrial Process
2: Waste Management:
Types of Nanoplastic pollution: ● Waste collection,
● Marine ● advanced treatment technologies
● Terrestrial
● Consumer products
3: Innovation in Plastics:
● Biodegradable plastics
● Filtration systems

4: Community Engagement:
● Plogging
● Local action plans: Eg - Project
AWARE

5: International Cooperation:
● Global Partnership on Marine Litter

Challenges: Mains Practice Question:

● Human Health: Inflammatory response,
Cancers
● Long term contamination
● Biodiversity loss
● Research challenges
Discuss the challenges & potential
solutions associated with Nanoplastic
pollution, considering its impact on
Marine ecosystems, terrestrial
environments & human health.
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Analyst PANCHAYATS AS SELF GOVERNING
Handout INSTITUTIONS
21st February, 2024

Context: Editorial analysis on Performance of Local bodies in India.

● Structure of local
self-governance in India
Challenges:
● Status of Devolution
● Dependence on Grants, Reluctance to
OSR
○ Increase in allocation from CFC -
From ₹4380 Cr in 10th FC to ₹2.8
Lakh Cr in 15th FC
○ Inadequate grants
● Ineffective devolution of powers
● Infrastructural challenges
Panchayats as Self Governing
Institutions:
● Enhancing Own source of Revenue
(OSR)
● Utilisation of Grants & Funds
● Promotion of Revenue Generation
activities
● Fostering Public Participation &
Accountability
 The
Analyst GLOBAL INITIATIVE ON
Handout DIGITAL HEALTH
21st February, 2024
Context: WHO & G-20 under India’s Presidency announced a new Global Initiative on
Digital Health.

What is Global Initiative on Digital AIMS:

Health?
● It will be a WHO Managed Network
(“Network of Networks”) that will
promote equitable access to digital
health
SIGNIFICANCE:
● Issues of Accessibility
● Low digital literacy, internet
Penetration
● Healthcare among Low, Middle Income
countries
● Data management
● ALIGN efforts to support global strategy on
Digital Health 2020-25
● SUPPORT quality assured technical
assistance to develop & strengthen standard
based & inter-operable systems aligned to
best practices, norms & standards
● FACILITATE the deliberate use of quality
assured digital transformation tools that
enable Government to manage their digital
health transformation journey