284 Slte MathematiCS-Vn

EXERCISE 21 (C)
1. Form a table of values showing the coordinates of the points highlighted on each of the
given below and hence wvrite the cquation showing the relationship between r and y. graphs
(a) (b)
9 6

8+
5
7
4
6

5 3
4 2

34
24 56yX
23

2 3 4 5 6 78 9 10M

(c) (d)
9.

6+
5
5
4
4
3+
3
2
2

6 7 X 2 3 4 5 67
2 3 4 5

values for each equation. Hence draw the respective graphs.

2. Copy and complete the table of
(a) y=x+5 (b) y=2r
1 3 6
0 4 7

(d) y=X-5
(c) y=2x-3
5
0 3 4
Deading off Distance Time Graphs Distance
Plotting distance against time on agraph can tell us a lot about a journey.
In a distance-time graph, time always runs along the horizontal axis, i.e., the
anddistance runs along the vertical axis, i.e., the y-axis.
Time
The distance-time graph is a horizontal line if the object is stationary, i.e.,
moving. Here the time increases to the right but the distance does not change. Distance
It is a straight line, if the object is moving at a constant speed, i.e., the same distance
is covered in the same time span.
We can calculate the speed of an object by the graph by dividing the distance travelled
Time
by the time.
D
S= 10:

9
Now let us read some distance-time graphs for necessary Distance
information. N

Ex. 1. This graph shows Aadhar's training run for a mini 6

marathon.
5
()) How far did Aadhar travel from 7 a.m. to 9 a.mn. ?
(i) Whatwas his average speed from 7 a.m. to9
a.m. ?

(ii) When did Aadhar stop for a rest ?

(iv) How far did he run altogether ?
7a.m, 8a.m. 9a.m. 10a.m.11a.m. 121p.m.
(V) At what time did he start his return run? H Timeanoon
Ex. 2. The graph shows the motion of a car on its trip home.
() How far from home was thecar initially ?
() If the car started its homeward journey at 8.30 a.m., at what time did it reach home ?
(iii) Find the speed of the car between :
(a) Aand B (b) B and C.

A
300

Distance
(km):
250+

200

150

100
B

50

6
X
5
Time (hrs.)
 1Match each graph with the correct
EXERCISE 21 (C)
description :
) (i) Distance Distance
(ii) (iv)

Time
Time Time Time
(a) The car was travelling at a
constant speed and then stopped.
(b) The car moved at a constant
speed throughout the journey.
(c) The car was travelling at a certain speed, and then
increased that speed.
(d) The car was stationary at first and then moved off at a constant speed.
2. The graph showS an aeroplane's flight. 1100
(i)) What does 1 small square represent : 1000
ground
(a) horizontally 900
(b) vertically ? the800
(ii) For how long was the aeroplane climbing? above
7001

(ii) What was the aeroplane's speed whilst 600

Metres
climbing ? 500

(iv) How long was the plane in level flight ? 400

(v) How long did the whole flight take ? 300

200

100

01020 30 40 50 607080 90 100 110120 130

Time (minutes)

3. Akshat was travelling in his car to a meeting. 240+

He set off from home at 6 a.m. and stopped
distance-time
On the way for a break. This 200
graph shows his journey. Read the graph and Distance
(km)

answer the questions given below : 160t

(1) Atwhat time did he 120:1

(a) stop for his break ? 80
(b) set off after his break ?
(C) get to his meeting place '? 40
travelling
(0) Atwhat average speed was he 0 4 5

(a) over the first hour ? Time take (hours)

(0) over the second hour?
journey ?
(c) for the last part of his
 Chapter Wrap Up
Summary of Key Facts
by knowing 'its' distances fromtwo
be located
The position of any place can vertical lines. These lines are called coordinate
intersecting horizontal and as the
distances put in the form of anordered pair like (2,3) shown
axes and the
coordinates of the point.
abscissa
vertical line the y-axis.
The horizontal line is called the x-axis and the
Distance of a point from the y-axis (x units in the figure)
is called the abscissa or x-coordinate of P.
P()
ordinate
y
Distance of apoint from thex-axis (y units in the figure)
is called the ordinate or y-coordinate of P.
The coordinates of any pointon the x-axis are of the form
(, 0). (0, y)
The coordinates of any point on the y-axis are of the form
(0, y). y

(i)) In first quadrant abscissa is positive and ordinate is

X

positive. (x, 0) - ) |(t, +)

(ii) In second quadrant abscissa is negative and ordinate is
positive.
(ii) In third quadrant both abscissa and ordinate are negative. -)|(+, -)
(iv) In fourth quadrant abscissa is positive and ordinate is
negative.
x=2
B. (i) The equation of avertical line is
number (x=2 in the figure). y=3,
(ii) The equation of ahorizontal line isy = a
number y=3in the figure). o2 >X

Chapter Assessment