MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF STRUCTURES (22602)

JAYAWANT SHIKSHAN PRASARAK MANDAL’s

Bhivrabai Sawant Polytechnic
(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Govt. of Maharashtra, Affiliated to MSBTE
Mumbai)
Gat No. 720 (1&2), Wagholi, Pune-Nagar Road, Pune-412207)
Phone: 020 – 65335100 Tele fax: - + 91-020-65335100
E-mail: bspoly@rediffmail.com Website: www.jspm.edu.in

Workbook Chapter 6-Structural Audit and Budget

Que. Bloom’s Questions Relevance to
No. Level CO

1 Prepare the format for structural audit including complains reported by the user. COI602.6
Marking Scheme 6mk
Sr.no. Type of information/Criteria Information Status Remark
1 Name of users Name:
Mobile/Whats App No.
Alternative No.:
E-Mail:
Address:
Answer 2 Status of user Owner/Tenant/Lease
3 Address of site Detailed address of site
4 Total area, number of floors Plot area:
Built up area:
Carpet area:
Number of wings/building:
Number of floors:
Number of flats:
Number of flats:

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MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF STRUCTURES (22602)

Flat No:
5 Water leakage problem
a) From water tank Yes/No

b) From W/C or Bathroom Yes/No

c) From kitchen Yes/No

d) from drains Yes/No

e) from slab Yes/No

f) from walls Yes/No

g) Dampness found Yes/No

h) From any other location Yes/No
6 Water pressure problem
a) For W/c bathroom Yes/No
b) For Kitchen Yes/No
c) For any other area with location Yes/No
7. Chocking of Drainage
a)For W/c Yes/No
b)For bathroom Yes/No
c)Inside/outside of flat Yes/No
8. Flooring defects
a) uneven tile surfaces Yes/No
b) Incresing gaps in joints Yes/No
c) Coming up of tile due to Yes/No
expansion
d) Loose tile at various places Yes/No
9. Spalling/Falling of plaster
a) Slab/beam/column Yes/No

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 MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF STRUCTURES (22602)

b) Walls Yes/No
c) Inside area Yes/No
d) Outside area Yes/No
10. Formation/Identification of
cracks
a) Slab Yes/No
b) Column Yes/No
c) Beams Yes/No
d) Walls Yes/No
e) Foundation Yes/No
11. Functioning problem of doors Yes/No
and windows
12. Feel of vibration while using
structure
13. Termite problem if any Yes/No
14. Any alteration carried out Yes/No if yes the details
15. Any other specific complaint
2 Write the necessity of performing structural audit of existing structure. COI602.6

Marking Scheme 6mk

Answer 1.The periodical structural auditing and analysis for health of existing bld. Is very imp. For finding
present status of structures.
2.Audit is important to check the bld. Or any structure for their safety.
3.It suggest appropriate repairs and retrofitting measures required for better performance of bld.
Service life.
4.It helps in carrying strong bld. Structure with cost effective solution.
5.It examination of overall health of a bld. To ensure that it is safe, risk-free and habitable.
6.The purpose of a structural audit is to correctly identify parts or section of a bld. That may be in
need of immediate repair, renovation or replacement.
7.Need of structural audit is for maintenance and repairs of existing structures whose age is more
than 15years.
3. Write down objectives of budget. COI602.6
Marking Scheme 4mk

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 MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF STRUCTURES (22602)

Answer 1.To provide a realistic estimate of imcome expenses for a period and of financial position at close
of period.
2. To maximize the useful life of an asset, as well as equipment uptime
3. To minimizing percentage of operating costs
4. used to control expenditure
5. used to establish proprieties.
5. To Provide direction for selection of materials as per their cost.
4. Write down necessity/Importance of budget. COI602.6
Marking Scheme 6mk
Answer 1.To create a spending plan for your money
2.To ensures that you will always have enough money for things you need
3.To keep you out of debt or help you work your way out of debt.
4.To control project costs within approved budget and deliver expected project goals.
5.Used to narrow down a choice in contractor
6.To avoid spending on unnecessary fees, services and products that are cutting into your financial
goals.
5. Write short note on detailed inspection. Or Checklist for detailed inspection. COI602.6
Marking Scheme
Answer While repair/strengthening on has to reach the distress part of structure , detailed inspection for
repair of any part of structure includes.
1.Check the accessibility of place where repairs is required.
2.Removal of material of distress area.
3.Any special tools required
4.Manpower required
5.Alternative methods of repair
6.Strengthening method if required
7.Duration of curing of repair material
8.List of test to be carried out
9.loading /transporting of removed material.
6. Write down steps involved in structural audit. COI602.6
Marking Scheme 6mk
Answer Step 1- It is imperative that we must have architectural and structural plans of bld. It will be helpful
if we have detailed structural calculations including assumptions for the structural design.

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 MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF STRUCTURES (22602)

Step 2- If the architectural plans and structural plans are not available , the same can be prepared by
any engineer.
Step 3- Inspection of the bld- A detailed inspection of the bld. Can reveal the following
1.Any settlements in foundations
2. Cracks in columns, beams and slabs
3.Concrete disintegration and exposed steel rif. Photographs can be helpful.
4.slight tapping using hammer can reveal deterioration in concrete.
5.corrosion in rif.
6.status of balconies- sagging, deflection, cracks
7.status of architectural freatures, chhajjas.
8.Cracks in wall indiacation swelling in RCC members or deflection or corrosion
9.leakages from terrace and toilet blocks.
10. leakages and dampness in wall
11.status of repairs and last repaired.
12.What was repaired?
13.Who was the agency?
14.How much was spent for repairs?
15.Building plans are available? When approved?
Step 4-Preparation of audit report:on the basis of inspection of building an audit report is prepared.
Step 5- Tests recommended: It is important that various tests are carried out in old buildings. This
will give an idea about extent of corrosion, distress and loss of strength in concrete and steel.
Step 6- Highlight the critical areas and how to go for repairs.
7. Describe in brief any four importance of visual observations for damage. COI602.6
Marking Scheme
Answer 1.The technique of visual observations in which visual appearances of damages or defects in
structure gives the first alertness about problems to the owner.
2.It is very powerful NDT method. Its efficiency, however, is to a large extent governed by
experience and knowledge of investigator.
3.A broad knowledge of structural behavior, materials and construction methods is desirable.
4.This variable and localized damage is a phenomenon of interest and therefore attending this
localized damage is relatively easy and permits to carry out localized repairs effectively.
5.This controls restoration costs and duration of activity.
6.The observations or investigation must be recorded in a systematic manner to ascertain whether

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 MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF STRUCTURES (22602)

the structure needs to undergo repairs or strategy to be applied.

8. Suggest one relevant test of each to be carried out for determination of strength and voids of COI602.6
structure. Also explain procedural steps of any one of two.
Marking Scheme 6MK
Answer
An ultrasonic pulse velocity test is conducted as per IS 13111-1992 to assess the quality of
concrete, in which the concrete under test is suspected to have low compaction, voids, estimation of
strength, delamination or damaged structure.
Procedure-
1.Identify the target concrete surface and clean it properly the define two end points of application
of ultrasonic pulses.
2.Apply the acoustical coupling materials to both the points of concrete.
3.Attach the transmitter and receiver end of the transducer to the identified concrete surface of bld.
Components using any one of the ways.
4.Generate ultrasonic pulses or waves of 50Hz to 60KHZ using electro-acoustical or ultrasonic
pulse generator. So that it will pass through the transmitter end attached to concrete and will reach
to receiver end depending upon homogeneity of concrete mass.
5.Note down time travel(T) of these waves which will be displayed on disp;ay unit of electronic
timing device in seconds.
6.Calculate the ultrasonic pulse velocity (V) of transmitted waves as V=in Km/sec.
7.Repeat all the above steps at other location when defect or damage extent is more.
Calculate avg. ultrasonic pulse velo. Of all such observations for structural components.
8.Determine overall quality of concrete based on calculated ultrasonic pulse velo.

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