A Practical Handbook of

Templates for Communicating

A Practical Handbook of
with the Journal
Templates for Communicating
with the Journal
Templates for emails that you might need to write to the editor at the time of
submission and during the journal evaluation process

Templates for emails that you might need to write to the editor at the time of
submission and during the journal evaluation process
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ABOUT THE AUTHOR !#

ABOUT THIS HANDBOOK !"

CONCLUDING NOTE 18

TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1 7YLZ\ITPZZPVU0UX\PY` 05

CHAPTER  *V]LYSL[[LY 07

CHAPTER  0UX\PY`HIV\[[OLJ\YYLU[Z[H[\ZVM`V\YWHWLY 08

CHAPTER  9LZWVUZL[VYL]PL^LYJVTTLU[Z 10

CHAPTER  ,_[LUZPVUVMKLHKSPULMVYZ\ITP[[PUNYL]PZLKTHU\ZJYPW[ 12

CHAPTER  0UX\PY`HIV\[KLSH`PUKLJPZPVU 13

CHAPTER  9LX\LZ[[VL_WLKP[L[OLKLJPZPVU^OLU`V\ULLKP[MVYNYHK\H[PVU 14

CHAPTER  :\ITP[[PUNHYL]PZLKTHU\ZJYPW[HZHUL^Z\ITPZZPVU 15

CHAPTER >P[OKYH^PUN`V\YTHU\ZJYPW[MYVTHQV\YUHS 16

CHAPTER  (WWSPJH[PVUMVY(7*^HP]LY 17

2
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ABOUT THIS HANDBOOK

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SHARE 4

CHAPTER 1
PRE-SUBMISSION INQUIRY
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Here is a template that you can use to write a pre-submission enquiry:

Dear Dr./Mr./Ms.[insert Editor’s name] ,

I would like to submit a pre-submission inquiry regarding the suitability of

our manuscript titled[ insert Manuscript title] by[insert names of all co-
authors] for publication in[ insert Journal Name]  The problem of[ mention the
topic of your study] has always existed/has increased in the recent \HDUVKDV
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methodology]and have come up with [nature of evidence] that will, hopefully
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I feel that[Journal name] would be an outstanding forum for this paper because
[mention how your paper fits into the journal’s scope] . Additionally, it will be
of interest to the journal’s target audience as[explain the paper’s
relevance to the target audience] .

I have attached a summary of the manuscript. Thank you for considering this
pre-submission enquiry. I look forward to your response.

Sincerely,
[Your Name]
!@AB6@C!#DE:#D:FG6CD:
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Here is a template that you can use to write a cover letter:

Dear Dr./Ms./Mr. [insert Editor’s name] ,

I would like to request you to consider the attached manuscript entitled
CHAPTER 2 [insert manuscript title]for publication in [insert the journal’s name] as an

COVER LETTER
original article.

While many studies have investigated the [briefly describe the existing state of
knowledge on the subject] ,I have not come across a paper that deals with
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[the subject/theme/topic of your study] . We conducted [brief description of
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methods]and came up with [give a brief overview of results] .I feel that [why
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$A$0/)&;)41/)$:4,$')(-9$:4)41$4)$):&3/0)'/44/0):$5)1$3/K) your research is important and what future direction it might offer] .
(4)90&3(./2)$5)/8:/''/54)&99&04,5(46)4&):&--,5(:$4/)
I believe that the findings of this study are relevant to the scope of your
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journal and will be of interest to its readership. I have provided tables
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summarizing the findings. If required, the entire data can be made available
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This manuscript has not been published or presented elsewhere in part or in

?1,2@)$)B0(/;@)1,00(/.'6)A0(44/5):&3/0)'/44/0)A(41)+,24)41/)
entirety, and is not under consideration by another journal. There are no
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conflicts of interest to declare. [Alternatively, if you have conflicts of interest,
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3$',/)4&)41/)2,B-(22(&5C)H5)/;;/:4(3/):&3/0)'/44/0)21&,'.) you should mention them here].
$'2&)(5:',./)$)B0(/;)2,--$06)&;)6&,0);(5.(5=2)$5.)$) I look forward to hearing from you.
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INQUIRY ABOUT THE
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Dear Dr./ Mr./Ms.[Editor's Name],
I have submitted my manuscript titled[insert manuscript title]
to your journal on[mention submission date]. However, the status
has remained "reviewer invited" for[mention number of days] .I
was wondering when I can expect the next status change.
I look forward to hearing from you.
Sincerely,
[Your Name ]
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Dear Dr./ Mr./Ms. XXX [Editor's name] ,
I have submitted my revised manuscript titled [Insert
manuscript title] ; manuscript id [insert id] to your journal via
the online submission system on dd/mm/yyyy

[date of
submission] . Two days later, the status changed to ‘with editor.’
However, the status has remained unchanged ever since.
I would be grateful if you could let me know whether there has
been any further progress on my submission.
Sincerely,
[Your name ]
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CHAPTER 4
RESPONSES TO PEER
REVIEWER COMMENTS
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M/0/)(2)$)4/-9'$4/)41$4)6&,):$5),2/)A1/5)6&,)2,B-(4)6&,0)0/3(2/.)-$5,2:0(94)$'&5=) Comment 1:
A(41)0/29&52/2)4&)41/)9//0)0/3(/A/0):&--/542)A(41(5)41/)2$-/)/-$('C)H'4/05$4(3/'6@)
6&,):$5):0/$4/)41/)0/29&52/).&:,-/54)$2)$)2/9$0$4/);('/)$5.)2/5.)(4)A(41)41/)/-$(') Response:
$2)$5)$44$:1-/54C
Comment 2:
Response

Dear Dr./ Mr./Ms. [Editor's Name],

Comment 3:
Response:
Please find attached the revised manuscript for your consideration. I am
grateful to the reviewers for their valuable inputs on my paper. I have been
able to incorporate most of the reviewers’ suggestions. In case I was unable In addition to the above comments, all spelling and grammatical

to incorporate a particular suggestion, I have provided a detailed errors pointed out by the reviewers have been corrected. I look forward

explanation to support my decision. The textual changes have been to hearing from you in due time regarding my submission and to

highlighted in the manuscript. respond to any further questions and comments you may have.

Below are my point-by-point responses to the reviewer comments. Sincerely,

Here are my responses to the reviewer comments. [Your name]

!@AB6@C!#DE:#D:FG6CD:
Comments from Reviewer 1
Comment 1:
Response:

QUICK TIP
Comment 2: Remember the three golden rules for
Response responding to reviewer comments:

1. Respond completely
Comment 3: 2. Respond politely
Response: 3. Respond with evidence

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11
 $35$&7,&$/+$1'%22.2)7(03/$7(6)25&20081,&$7,1*:,7+7+(-2851$/

CHAPTER 5 M/0/)(2)$)4/-9'$4/)41$4)6&,):$5),2/)4&)$2%)41/)/.(4&0);&0)$)./$.'(5/)/84/52(&5K

EXTENSION OF DEADLINE FOR

SUBMITTING REVISED Dear Dr./ Mr./Ms. [Editor's Name],

MANUSCRIPT Thank you for sending the reviewer comments. I really appreciate the time
and effort that the reviewers have spent in providing their valuable inputs
on my paper. I have started working on the revisions. However, I don’t
E&-/4(-/2@)41/)4(-/)90&3(./.)B6)41/)+&,05$')4&) think I will be able to complete the suggested revisions within the given
-$%/)41/)0/3(2(&52)2,==/24/.)B6)9//0)0/3(/A/02)
deadline, particularly since [give a reason, for example: it will require me
-$6)2//-)4&&)21&04)4&)6&,C)W&,)-(=14)B/)A&00(/.)
41$4)6&,)A('')5&4)B/)$B'/)4&)2,B-(4)41/)0/3(2/.) to conduct a few additional experiments] .
-$5,2:0(94)B6)41/)29/:(;(/.)./$.'(5/C)D5)2,:1)
Would it be possible to extend the deadline by a few more days? I am sure I
:$2/2@)41/)2,B-(22(&5)./$.'(5/);&0)41/)0/3(2/.)
-$5,2:0(94):$5),2,$''6)B/)/84/5./.)90&3(./.)6&,) will be able to send the revised manuscript by [mention date] .
$99'6);&0)$5)/84/52(&5)A/'')(5)$.3$5:/C)
Thank you for your understanding.
Sincerely
?1,2@)&5:/)6&,)0/:/(3/)41/)0/3(/A/0):&--/542@)
6&,)21&,'.)=&)410&,=1)41/-)90&-94'6)$5.):$0/;,''6)
[Your name]
$5.)406)4&)/24(-$4/)1&A)-,:1)4(-/)6&,)$0/)'(%/'6)4&) !@AB6@C!#DE:#D:FG6CD:
4$%/)4&)(5:&09&0$4/)$'')41/)2,==/24/.):1$5=/2C)D5)
:$2/)41/)0/3(/A/02)1$3/)$2%/.);&0)-&0/)$..(4(&5$')
/89/0(-/542@)6&,)-(=14)5//.)-&0/)4(-/C)D;)6&,);//')
41$4)41/)4(-/)90&3(./.)B6)41/)+&,05$')-$6)5&4)B/) QUICK TIP
2,;;(:(/54@)(4)(2)B/24)4&)0/Q,/24)$5)/84/52(&5)$4)41/)
O5:/)6&,)=/4)$5)/84/52(&5@)-$%/)2,0/)
&,42/4)0$41/0)41$5)A$(4(5=)4('')41/)$:4,$')./$.'(5/)
6&,).&)5&4)B0/$:1)41/)5/A)./$.'(5/R
$5.)41/5)4/''(5=)41/)/.(4&0)41$4)6&,)5//.)-&0/)4(-/C

12
 $35$&7,&$/+$1'%22.2)7(03/$7(6)25&20081,&$7,1*:,7+7+(-2851$/

W&, :$5 ;0$-/ 6&,0 /-$(' $'&5= 41/ '(5/2 &; 41/ &5/ B/'&AK
CHAPTER 6
INQUIRY ABOUT DELAY IN DearDr./Mr./Ms. [Editor'sName],
This is with regard to my/our submitted manuscript, [Insert manuscript

DECISION reference number] , titled“[Insert manuscript title],”submitted to your

journal on[Insert date of submission]for consideration as a[Insert article
[5;&04,5$4/'6@)41/)+&,05$')0/3(/A)90&:/22)(2)=/5/0$''6)2'&A)$5.)./'$62)(5) type, e.g., Original Article or Case Report].
90&:/22(5=)$)2,B-(22(&5)$0/)5&4),5:&--&5C)*$56)+&,05$'2)-/54(&5)41/(0)
I/We have not received an update regarding the status of our manuscript
/89/:4/.)0/3(/A)4(-/2)&5)41/(0)A/B2(4/2_)1&A/3/0@)41/6):$55&4)$'A$62)
in the review process for the last [mention number of weeks/months]. As
24(:%)4&)41/)24(9,'$4/.)4(-/);0$-/2C)?1(2)(2)B/:$,2/)&;)3$0(&,2);$:4&02@)'(%/)
41/)+&,05$')/.(4&072)(5$B('(46)4&);(5.)2,(4$B'/)9//0)0/3(/A/02@)41/)$3$('$B('(46)
per the last update, the second round of peer review has been completed
$5.)0/29&52(3/5/22)&;)41/)9//0)0/3(/A/02@)$5.)41/)/84/54)&;)0/3(2(&52) [reviseasapplicable].
0/:&--/5./.C) I am slightly anxious as I was hoping to get this paper published by
[mentionatentativedate].Couldyouletme/usknowwhenI/wecanexpect
D;)6&,0)+&,05$')1$2)$5)&5'(5/)40$:%(5=)2624/-@)6&,)A('')B/)$B'/)4&)40$:%)41/) noticeregardingthedecisionoftheeditorialboard?
90&=0/22)&;)41/)9$9/0)$5.)A0(4/)4&)41/)/.(4&0)(5):$2/)41/)24$4,2)1$2)5&4)
:1$5=/.);&0)$)'&5=)4(-/C)M&A/3/0@)(;)6&,)1$3/)-$./)$5)/-$(')2,B-(22(&5) Thank you for your time and consideration. We look forward to hearing
$5.)6&,0)+&,05$').&/2)5&4)1$3/)$)40$:%(5=)2624/-@)6&,)21&,'.)0/:/(3/) fromyou.
,9.$4/2);0&-)41/)/.(4&0);0&-)4(-/)4&)4(-/C)
Sincerely,
[Your name]
D5):$2/)6&,).&)5&4)=/4)$5),9.$4/);&0)$)'&5=)4(-/@)&0)(5):$2/)&;)$)./'$6)(5)
41/)+&,05$')0/3(/A)$5.)./:(2(&5)-$%(5=)90&:/22@)6&,)21&,'.)5&4)1/2(4$4/)
!@AB6@C!#DE:#D:FG6CD:
4&)A0(4/)4&)41/)+&,05$')/.(4&0C)*&24)+&,05$')/.(4&02)$0/)&0)1$3/)B//5)
0/2/$0:1/02)41/-2/'3/2)$5.)A&,'.)B/)A/'');$-('($0)A(41)41/)$58(/46)$5)
$,41&0);$:/2)A$(4(5=)4&)1/$0);0&-)41/)+&,05$')$;4/0)-$5,2:0(94)2,B-(22(&5)

13
 $35$&7,&$/+$1'%22.2)7(03/$7(6)25&20081,&$7,1*:,7+7+(-2851$/

CHAPTER 7
REQUEST TO EXPEDITE THE M/0/)(2)$)4/-9'$4/)41$4)6&,):$5),2/)A1/5)6&,)5//.)$)./:(2(&5);&0)6&,0)
=0$.,$4(&5)$5.)A(21)4&)$3&(.)./'$62

DECISION WHEN YOU NEED IT

FOR GRADUATION Dear Dr./ Mr./Ms. [Editor's Name],
I have submitted my manuscript titled [Insert manuscript title] in
[Insert journal name] on [Insert date of submission]. The current status
D)1$3/)&;4/5):&-/)$:0&22)0/2/$0:1/02)A1&)5//.)$)
has been "Awaiting referee reports" since [mention date].
9$9/0)9,B'(21/.)(5)&0)$4)'/$24)$::/94/.)B6)$)+&,05$')$2)
$)90/:&5.(4(&5);&0)41/(0)=0$.,$4(&5C)D5)2,:1):$2/2@)41/)
$58(/46)'/3/')&;)41/)$,41&0)(5:0/$2/2)A(41)/$:1) I am a little worried as I need the decision on this paper for my
9$22(5=).$6@)$5.)./'$62)$4)41/)+&,05$')/5.):$5)90&3/) graduation by [Insert tentative date]. I understand that this could be an
4&)B/)3/06):&24'6C) unreasonable request, but I would be grateful if you could expedite the
process as far as possible.
D;)6&,)$0/)0/$''6)21&04)&;)4(-/@)$5.)5//.)41/)./:(2(&5)
&5)6&,0)9$9/0)4&)B/)0/$''6)Q,(:%@)6&,):$5)A0(4/)4&)41/)
Sincerely,
+&,05$')/89'$(5(5=)6&,0)90&B'/-)$5.)0/Q,/24(5=)41/-) [Your name]
4&)29//.),9)41/)90&:/22C)O;):&,02/@)6&,)A('')5//.)4&)
:&524$54'6);&''&A),9)A(41)41/-@)B,4),2,$''6@)A(41)9&'(4/) !@AB6@C!#DE:#D:FG6CD:
$5.)9/02(24/54)/-$('2@)6&,):$5)1&9/)4&)/89/.(4/)41/)
90&:/22)4&)2&-/)/84/54C

14

CHAPTER 8
SUBMITTING A REVISED
MANUSCRIPT AS A NEW
SUBMISSION
`/+/:4(&5)(2)$5)(5/3(4$B'/)9$04)&;)41/)-$5,2:0(94)9,B'(:$4(&5)90&:/22C)<3/06)
$,41&0)1$2)4&);$:/)$)0/+/:4(&5);0&-)$)+&,05$')$4)2&-/)9&(54)&;)4(-/C)M&A/3/0@)
+&,05$'2)$0/)2&-/4(-/2)&9/5)4&)0/:/(3(5=)$)0/+/:4/.)9$9/0)$2)$)5/A)2,B-(22(&5)
90&3(./.)41/)0/3(/A/0):&--/542)$0/)4$%/5)(54&):&52(./0$4(&5C)
D5)2,:1):$2/2@)(4)(2),2,$''6)$.3(2$B'/)4&)2,B-(4)41/)9$9/0)4&)41/)2$-/)+&,05$')$2)
41/)0/3(/A)90&:/22)-$6)B/);$24/0C)]$9/02)41$4)$0/)0/3(2/.)$5.)0/2,B-(44/.)$2)$)
5/A)2,B-(22(&5)$0/)&;4/5)2/54)4&)41/)2$-/)0/3(/A/02C)E(5:/)41/2/)0/3(/A/02)$0/)
$'0/$.6);$-('($0)A(41)6&,0)A&0%@)41/)0/3(/A)90&:/22),2,$''6)4$%/2)'/22)4(-/C)
M&A/3/0@)4&)=/4)41(2)B/5/;(4@)6&,)-,24)-$%/)2,0/)41$4)6&,)-/54(&5)41$4)6&,0)
9$9/0)1$.)B//5)2,B-(44/.)/$0'(/0)$5.)1$.)B//5)0/+/:4/.C)
E&-/)$,41&02)-$6);//')/-B$00$22/.)4&).(2:'&2/)41$4)41/(0)9$9/0)1$.)B//5)
0/+/:4/.)/$0'(/0@)B,4)40,24)-/@)41(2)'(44'/)9(/:/)&;)(5;&0-$4(&5):$5)1/'9)6&,)2$3/)$)
'&4)&;)4(-/C)E&@)-$%/)2,0/)6&,)(5:',./)6&,0)-$5,2:0(94)4(4'/@)41/)90/3(&,2)
-$5,2:0(94)(.@)$2)A/'')$2)41/)0/3(/A/0):&--/542)$5.)6&,0)0/29&52/2)4&)41/-)
$4)41/)4(-/)&;)2,B-(22(&5C)D5):$2/)41/)&5'(5/)2,B-(22(&5)2624/-).&/2)5&4)$''&A)
41(2@)A0(4/)$)2/9$0$4/)/-$(')4&)41/)/.(4&0)(5;&0-(5=)1(-a1/0)$B&,4)41(2C
$35$&7,&$/+$1'%22.2)7(03/$7(6)25&20081,&$7,1*:,7+7+(-2851$/
M/0/ (2 $ 4/-9'$4/ 41$4 6&, :$5 ,2/ ;&0 41/ 9,09&2/K
Dear Dr./ Mr./Ms. [Editor's Name],
I would like to submit my revised manuscript titled [Insert manuscript
title] to [inert journal name] as a new submission. I had submitted the
original paper on [insert previous date of submission; manuscript id]
and received a rejection on [Insert decision date]. I have incorporated all
the suggestions made by the reviewers in my revised manuscript and
highlighted the changes. I have attached the original version of the paper,
the cover letter, the reviewer comments, and my responses to the
comments with this email.
I thank you for giving me this opportunity to resubmit my manuscript.
I look forward to hearing from you.
Sincerely,
[Your name]
!@AB6@C!#DE:#D:FG6CD:
15
 $35$&7,&$/+$1'%22.2)7(03/$7(6)25&20081,&$7,1*:,7+7+(-2851$/

Here is a template for a withdrawal request:

CHAPTER 9
WITHDRAWING YOUR Dear Dr./ Mr./Ms. [Editor's Name],
I would like to withdraw my manuscript titled [Insert title of paper]
MANUSCRIPT FROM A from further consideration by your journal. [Mention the reason for

JOURNAL
withdrawal]. The manuscript ID is [Insert id] and the date of
submission was [Insert date].

Please confirm once the withdrawal process is complete. I apologize

for any inconvenience caused.
H,41&02)2&-/4(-/2)A(21)4&)A(41.0$A)41/(0)9$9/0);0&-)$)+&,05$'C) Sincerely,
?1(2):&,'.)B/).,/)4&)3$0(&,2)0/$2&52K)./'$62)$4)41/)+&,05$')/5.@)
[Your name]
.(2$=0//-/54)A(41)$):&J$,41&0@).(2:&3/0(5=)$)-$+&0)/00&0)(5)41/)
24,.6@)/4:C)
!@AB6@C!#DE:#D:FG6CD:

D;)6&,)A(21)4&)A(41.0$A)6&,0)9$9/0);0&-)$)+&,05$'@)6&,)A('')1$3/)
4&)2/5.)$)A(41.0$A$')0/Q,/24)4&)41/)/.(4&0@)-/54(&5(5=)41/)4(4'/)&;)
41/)9$9/0)$5.)41/)-$5,2:0(94)(.)90&3(./.)B6)41/)+&,05$'C)
QUICK TIP
H..(4(&5$''6@)6&,)21&,'.)0/Q,/24)41/)/.(4&0)4&)2/5.)6&,)$)
X&)5&4)2,B-(4)6&,0)9$9/0)4&)
:&5;(0-$4(&5)&;)A(41.0$A$'C)?1/)A(41.0$A$')90&:/22)A('')B/)
$5&41/0)+&,05$')B/;&0/)6&,)0/:/(3/)
:&52(./0/.):&-9'/4/)&5'6)$;4/0)6&,)0/:/(3/)41(2):&5;(0-$4(&5C
$):&5;(0-$4(&5)&;)A(41.0$A$'K)41(2)
:&,'.)B/):&52(./0/.).,9'(:$4/)
2,B-(22(&5R)

16

Here’s a template that you can use to apply for an APC waiver:
CHAPTER 10
REQUEST TO WAIVE OFF THE APC
Some authors do not want to publish their papers in
open access (OA) journals as they don’t want to pay the
Article Processing Charges (APC). However, publishing
OA gives your paper maximum outreach and can
possibly get you more citations! So, don’t let the fear of
APCs deter you from publishing open access. Most
funding sources cover the APC, and even if you have
exhausted your funds, you can apply for an APC waiver.
If your case is strong enough, the journal might consider
granting a full or partial waiver.
If you wish to apply for a APC waiver or discount, you
should send an email to the journal prior to submission
explaining the reason for requesting a waiver. Please
read through the author guidelines on APC waivers
before writing your email. Some journals grant waivers to
researchers from developing countries. This is usually
mentioned in the guidelines. You also need to check if
they have any other specific requirements.
$35$&7,&$/+$1'%22.2)7(03/$7(6)25&20081,&$7,1*:,7+7+(-2851$/
Dear Dr./ Mr./Ms.[Editor's Name],
I am writing to you with regard to my/our manuscript titled[Insert title of
paper] by[insert names of all the co-authors] scheduled to be published in
the next issue of your journal. The paper was accepted on[mention date]
and the manuscript ID is[insert ID].
I strongly feel that this paper should be published open access as it would
benefit the scientific community to learn about the[explain what is
significant about your research and why others need to know about it] .
However, I am currently not in a position to pay the article processing
charges. I have attached a list of all the sources from which I have received
funding. All the funds that I received from these sources have been
exhausted in the process of conducting the research.[Explain what was very
expensive, what additional expenses came up that you had not anticipated].
In addition, I have also exhausted all alternative sources of funding.
I would be grateful if you could consider waiving off the article processing
charges in view of my current financial situation.
Thank you for your consideration.
Sincerely,
[Your name]
!@AB6@C!#DE:#D:FG6CD:
17
 $35$&7,&$/+$1'%22.2)7(03/$7(6)25&20081,&$7,1*:,7+7+(-2851$/

CONCLUDING NOTE
>'/$0):&--,5(:$4(&5)1/'92)0/2&'3/)90&B'/-2)Q,(:%'6)$5.)/$2('6C)X&)5&4)1/2(4$4/)4&)A0(4/)4&)41/)/.(4&0)
(5):$2/)6&,)1$3/)$56).&,B42)&0);$:/)90&B'/-2).,0(5=)41/)+&,05$')0/3(/A)90&:/22C)M&A/3/0@)6&,)
21&,'.)$'2&)0/-/-B/0)41$4)/.(4&02)$0/)3/06)B,26)9/&9'/)$5.)-(=14)5&4)B/)$B'/)4&)0/29&5.)4&)/3/06)
2-$'')Q,/06C)?1/0/;&0/@)(4)(2)5&4)0(=14)4&)B&41/0)1(-a1/0);&0)$)2-$'').&,B4)41$4)6&,):$5)/$2('6):'$0(;6)B6)
=&(5=)410&,=1)41/)+&,05$')A/B2(4/)&0):1/:%(5=)41/)&5'(5/)2,B-(22(&5)2624/-C)V1/5/3/0)6&,)1$3/)$)
Q,/24(&5@);(024)406)4&)'&&%);&0)(5;&0-$4(&5)A(41(5)41/)+&,05$')A/B2(4/C)V0(4/)4&)41/)/.(4&0)&5'6);&0)
(5;&0-$4(&5)41$4)(2)5&4)$3$('$B'/)&5)41/)A/B2(4/C)<Q,(99/.)A(41)41/)$B&3/)4/-9'$4/2@)6&,):$5)/$2('6)
$990&$:1)41/)/.(4&0)A1/5)6&,)1$3/)=/5,(5/)90&B'/-2@)$5.)1&9/;,''6)=/4)$'')6&,0).&,B42):'$0(;(/.C

D;)6&,)$0/)(5).&,B4@)5&4)&5'6)$B&,4):&--,5(:$4(5=)A(41)41/)+&,05$')B,4)$'2&)$B&,4)$56)&41/0)$29/:4)&;)
41/)9,B'(:$4(&5)90&:/22@)6&,):$5)$'A$62)9&24)$)Q,/24(&5)&5)41/)<.(4$=/)D52(=142)`/2/$0:1/0)FGH)
;&0,-C)V/7'')B/)1$996)4&)1/'9)6&,C

V(21)6&,)',:%R

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