STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS
Lecture No. 05
Analysis of Determinate Beams
Dr. ABUBKRE ABDELMONEIM
1
STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS
Internal Loadings Developed In Structural Members
Loadings
External Internal
Loading Loading
Applied Axial Shear
Reactions Moment
Load Force Force
How to calculate the reactions How to calculate normal force, shearing force and
bending moment and to draw their diagrams.
STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS 2
Internal Loadings Developed In Structural Members
Any structural member (except truss member)
has 3 internal forces, that only can appear if a cut
made in the member. These forces are as follows
• Normal Force ( N) : Force normal to the
member cross section or parallel to member
center line
• Shear Force ( V) : Force parallel to the member
cross section or normal to member center line
•Bending moment (M) : Moment about the
principle axis of the member cross section
B
STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS 3
Internal Loadings Developed In Structural Members
Normal Force (N)
Sing Conventions
Shear Force (V)
Bending Moment (M)
STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS 4
Internal Loadings Developed In Structural Members
6 kN
Example No. 1
C
Determine the internal shear and moment acting at a A B
section passing through point B in the shown beam. 3m 6m
6 kN
CX
Procedure:
1. Free –body diagram to determine the support
AY 3m 6m CY
reactions
2. Pass through imaginary section at the point where the
internal loading is to be determined MB
3. Keep all forces in their exact location 6 kN NB
4. At the section indicate the unknown resultants N, V
and M A B
3m
5. Apply equation of equilibrium to obtain a solution VB
STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS 5
Internal Loadings Developed In Structural Members 6 kN
Solution CX
Get the support reactions
ΣMc = 0
AY 3m 6m CY
-Ay(9) + 6(6) = 0
Ay = 4 kN
ΣFy= 0, 6-4 -Cy= 0
Cy = 2 kN
ΣFx = 0.
Cx= 0
STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS 6
Internal Loadings Developed In Structural Members
MB
6 kN
ΣFx = 0. [NB +0 = 0] NB
NB= 0
ΣFy= 0, 4 - VB =0 (before the point load)
VB = 4 kN AY 3m
VB
ΣFy= 0, 4- 6-VB =0 (after the point load)
VB = -2 kN
ΣMB = 0
- 4(3) +MB = 0 MB
MB = 12 kN.m 6 kN NB
A B
3m
VB
STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS 7
Internal Loadings Developed In Structural Members
5 kN/m
Example No. 1
Determine the internal shear and moment acting at a
A B
section passing through point C (mid of span) in the
shown beam. 6m
5 kN/m M
A C
3 V
STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS 8
Internal Loadings Developed In Structural Members
Solution 5 kN/m
Get the support reactions
ΣMB = 0 A B
-Ay(6) + 5(6)(6/2) = 0 6m
Ay = 15 kN
ΣFy= 0, 5*6 -By= 0
By = 15 kN
ΣFx = 0.
Ax= 0
STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS 9
Internal Loadings Developed In Structural Members
ΣFx = 0. [NC +0 = 0] 5 kN/m M
NC= 0
ΣFy= 0, 15-(5*3) - VC =0 A C
VC = 0 kN x V
ΣM = 0
-15(3)+(5*3)(3/2) +MC = 0
MC= 15(3)-(5*3)(3/2)
MC = 22.5 kN.m
STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS 10
Internal Loadings Developed In Structural Members
Example No. 2
Determine the internal shear and moment acting at a section
passing through point C in the shown beam.
STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS 11
Internal Loadings Developed In Structural Members
Solution:
Get the support reactions
Equivalent Load= (1/2)(6)(45) = 135 kN
ΣMA = 0
– 135(4) + By(6) = 0
By = 90 kN
ΣFy= 0, Ay+By -135 = 0
Ay = 135-90 = 45 kN
ΣFx = 0.
Ax= 0
STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS 12
Internal Loadings Developed In Structural Members
ΣFx = 0.
NC= 0
wc = [45*2]/6
Then: w = 15 kN/m
Equivalent Load = (1/2)[(2)(15)] = 15 kN
ΣFy= 0, 45- 15-VC =0
VC = 30 kN
ΣMC = 0
- 45(2)+15(2*(1/3)) +MC= 0
MC = 80 kN.m
STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS 13
Internal Loadings Developed In Structural Members
Example No. 3
Determine the internal shear and moment acting at a section
passing through point B in the shown beam.
6 kN 8 kN
B C 20 kN.m
A 4m 6m
STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS 14
Internal Loadings Developed In Structural Members
Solution:
6 kN 8 kN
Get the support reactions
ΣMA = 0
– 6(4) – 8(10)- 20+ MA= 0
B C
A 20 kN.m
MA= 124 kN 4m 6m
ΣFy= 0, Ay-6-8 = 0
Ay = 14 kN
ΣFx = 0.
Ax= 0 Ans
STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS 15
Internal Loadings Developed In Structural Members
ΣFx = 0. 6 kN
124 kN.m MB
NB= 0
ΣFy= 0, 14 - VB =0 (before the point load) NB
VB = 14 kN
14 kN VB
4m
ΣFy= 0, 14 -6 - VB =0 (after the point load)
VB = 8 kN
ΣMB = 0
124 - 14(4) +MB = 0
MB = -68 kN.m
STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS 16
Internal Loadings Developed In Structural Members
Example No. 4
Determine the internal shear and moment acting at a section
passing through point B in the shown beam. A
B
Note: support A is pin, support C is roller. 3m C
A C
STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS 17
Internal Loadings Developed In Structural Members
Solution:
Get the support reactions
Equivalent Load= [9*10] = 90 kN
A
Equivalent Load= (1/2)(9*20) = 90 kN B
3m C
ΣMA = 0
– 90(4.5) – 90(6)+ Cy(6) = 0
Cy = 105 kN
ΣFy= 0, Ay+Cy -90 - 90 = 0
Ay = 75 kN
A C
ΣFx = 0.
Ax= 0
STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS 18
Internal Loadings Developed In Structural Members
Solution MB
Step No. 2 NB
Equivalent Load= [3*10] = 30 kN
Equivalent Load= (1/2)[3*(20*3/9)] = 10 kN
Step No.3 75 kN 3m VB
ΣFx = 0.
NB= 0
ΣFy= 0, 75 - 30 – 10- VB =0
VB = 35 kN
ΣMB = 0
- 75(3)+30(1.5)+10(3*(1/3)) +MB = 0
MB = 170 kN.m
STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS 19
Questions ????
STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS 20
