Analysis of Statically Determinate Structures CE 314 - Structural Theory

Illustrative Problems Solution:

1. Determine the axial forces, shears, and bending moments a) [FBD]
at points A and B of the structure shown. 300 𝑘𝑁
2m
150 𝑘𝑁
100 𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚 25 𝑘𝑁/𝑚
a)

𝐴 𝐶 𝐶𝑥 𝐵 𝐷
𝐶𝑦 𝐷𝑦

2m 2m 4m 4m 4m

Solving for reactions:

b) + 𝛴𝑀𝐶 = 0 [Taking moment at the location of hinge support]

100𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚 + 300𝑘𝑁 2𝑚 + 150𝑘𝑁 12𝑚 −

𝐷𝑦 8𝑚 = 0
𝐷𝑦 = 312.5 𝑘𝑁
𝛴𝐹𝑦 = 0 𝛴𝐹𝑥 = 0
𝐶𝑦 + 𝐷𝑦 = 150𝑘𝑁 + 300𝑘𝑁 𝐶𝑥 = 0
𝐶𝑦 = 137.5 𝑘𝑁

Excerpts from: Kassimali, A., Structural Analysis, 5th Ed, ©2015 Prepared by: Joseph L. Dumangas, RCE, RMP, ME-1
 Analysis of Statically Determinate Structures CE 314 - Structural Theory

Solving for internal forces at A (axial, shear and bending): Solving for internal forces at B (axial, shear and bending):
[FBD] [FBD] (Taking the right segment of the beam)
25 𝑘𝑁/𝑚 𝑀 𝛴𝐹𝑥 = 0
𝐴
100 𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚 𝑁𝐴 = 0 Ans. 150 𝑘𝑁 𝛴𝐹𝑥 = 0
𝐴 𝑁𝐴 25 𝑘𝑁/𝑚
𝑀𝐵 𝑁𝐵 = 0 Ans.
𝑉𝐴 𝛴𝐹𝑦 = 0 𝑁𝐵
−𝑉𝐴 − 25 2 = 0 𝐵 𝐷
2m 𝑉𝐵 𝛴𝐹𝑦 = 0
𝑉𝐴 = −50 𝑘𝑁 Ans. 𝐷𝑦 = 312.5𝑘𝑁 𝑉𝐵 − 25 4 − 150 + 312.5 = 0
4m 4m
𝑉𝐵 = −62.5 𝑘𝑁 Ans.
+ 𝛴𝑀𝐴 = 0
1 + 𝛴𝑀𝐵 = 0
−100 + 25 2 2 + 𝑀𝐴 = 0
2 𝑀𝐵 − 312.5 4 + 25 4 2 + 150 8 = 0
𝑀𝐴 = 50 𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚 𝑀𝐵 = −150 𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚 Ans.
Ans.

Excerpts from: Kassimali, A., Structural Analysis, 5th Ed, ©2015 Prepared by: Joseph L. Dumangas, RCE, RMP, ME-1
 Analysis of Statically Determinate Structures CE 314 - Structural Theory

b) [FBD] Convert the external loads (applied and support reactions) into
12 ft 12 ft components that are parallel and perpendicular to the
5
∅ 3 longitudinal axis of the beam.
𝐷 4
90 𝑘 Components of
∅ distributed load:
∅
𝐵 𝐷𝑦 12 ft 12 ft
3 𝑘/𝑓𝑡 3
𝑤𝑥 = 3 = 1.8 𝑘/𝑓𝑡
𝐷 5
𝐴
∅ 𝐷𝑦 = 45 k 4
𝐶 ∅ 𝐵
𝑤𝑦 = 3 = 2.4 𝑘/𝑓𝑡
𝐶𝑥 5
∅
𝐶𝑦
𝐴
Solving for reactions:
∅
Components of 𝐶𝑦 and 𝐷𝑦 :
+ 𝛴𝑀𝐶 = 0 [Taking moment at the location of hinge support]
3
Along x-axis = 45 = 27 𝑘
∅ 5
90𝑘 12 − 𝐷𝑦 24 = 0
𝐶𝑦 = 45 𝑘 4
𝐷𝑦 = 45 𝑘 Along y-axis = 45 = 36 𝑘
5
𝛴𝐹𝑦 = 0 𝛴𝐹𝑥 = 0
𝐶𝑦 + 𝐷𝑦 = 90 𝑘 𝐶𝑥 = 0
𝐶𝑦 = 45 𝑘

Excerpts from: Kassimali, A., Structural Analysis, 5th Ed, ©2015 Prepared by: Joseph L. Dumangas, RCE, RMP, ME-1
 Analysis of Statically Determinate Structures CE 314 - Structural Theory

Solving for the internal forces at A: 2. Draw the shear and bending moment diagrams and the
qualitative deflected shape for the beam shown.
𝛴𝐹𝑥 = 0
𝑁𝐴 + 27 − 1.8 10 = 0
𝐴 𝑁𝐴 = −9 𝑘 Ans.
𝛴𝐹𝑦 = 0
36 − 2.4(10) − 𝑉𝐴 = 0 Solution:
𝑉𝐴 = 12 𝑘 3m 90 𝑘𝑁
Ans. [FBD]
150 𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚
15 𝑘𝑁/𝑚 50 𝑘𝑁
+ 𝛴𝑀𝐴 = 0
𝑀𝐴 − 36 10 + 24 5 = 0 ; 𝑀𝐴 = 240 𝑘 − 𝑓𝑡 Ans.
𝐴𝑥 𝐴 𝐵 𝐶 𝐷
Solving for the internal forces at B: 𝐴𝑦 𝐷𝑦
𝛴𝐹𝑥 = 0
6m 3m 3m
𝐷 −𝑁𝐵 − 1.8 10 + 27 = 0
+ 𝛴𝑀𝐴 = 0
𝑁𝐵 = 9 𝑘 Ans. −90 3 − 150 − (50)(9) + 𝐷𝑦 12 = 0
𝛴𝐹𝑦 = 0 𝐷𝑦 = 72.5 𝑘𝑁
𝐵
𝑉𝐵 − 2.4 10 + 36 = 0
𝛴𝐹𝑦 = 0 𝛴𝐹𝑥 = 0
𝑉𝐵 = −12 𝑘 Ans. 𝐴𝑥 = 0
𝐴𝑦 + 𝐷𝑦 = 90 + 50
+ 𝛴𝑀𝐵 = 0
𝑀𝐵 − 36 10 + 24 5 = 0 ; 𝑀𝐵 = 240 𝑘 − 𝑓𝑡 Ans. 𝐴𝑦 = 67.5 𝑘𝑁
Excerpts from: Kassimali, A., Structural Analysis, 5th Ed, ©2015 Prepared by: Joseph L. Dumangas, RCE, RMP, ME-1
 Analysis of Statically Determinate Structures CE 314 - Structural Theory

Solving by method of sections: Segment CD: 9 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 12

90 𝑘𝑁
𝑉𝐶𝐷 = 67.5 − 15 6 − 50 = −72.5 𝑘𝑁
3m
𝑀𝐶𝐷 = 67.5𝑥 − 90 𝑥 − 3 + 150 − 50(x − 9)
150 𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚
15 𝑘𝑁/𝑚 50 𝑘𝑁 = −72.5𝑥 + 870
𝐴𝑥 = 0 𝐷
𝐴 𝐵 𝐶
𝐴𝑦 = 67.5 𝑘𝑁 𝐷𝑦 = 72.5 𝑘𝑁

6m 3m 3m
𝑥
𝑥
𝑥

Segment AB: 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 6 Segment BC: 6 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 9

𝑉𝐴𝐵 = 67.5 − 15𝑥 𝑉𝐵𝐶 = 67.5 − 15 6 = −22.5 𝑘𝑁

𝑥 𝑀𝐵𝐶 = 67.5𝑥 − 90 𝑥 − 3 + 150
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = 67.5𝑥 − 15𝑥
2 = −22.5𝑥 + 420
= 67.5𝑥 − 7.5𝑥 2

Excerpts from: Kassimali, A., Structural Analysis, 5th Ed, ©2015 Prepared by: Joseph L. Dumangas, RCE, RMP, ME-1
 Analysis of Statically Determinate Structures CE 314 - Structural Theory

150 𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚
15 𝑘𝑁/𝑚 50 𝑘𝑁

𝐴𝑥 = 0 𝐷
𝐴 𝐵 𝐶
𝐴𝑦 = 67.5 𝑘𝑁 𝐷𝑦 = 72.5 𝑘𝑁

6m 3m 3m

67.5

-22.5
-72.5

285
217.5
151.875

135

Excerpts from: Kassimali, A., Structural Analysis, 5th Ed, ©2015 Prepared by: Joseph L. Dumangas, RCE, RMP, ME-1
 Analysis of Statically Determinate Structures CE 314 - Structural Theory

3. Draw the shear and bending moment diagrams for the Solving by method of sections:
reinforced concrete footing subjected to the downward
column loading of 22 kN/m and the upward soil reaction of Segment AB: 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2 Segment BC: 2 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 3.5
6 kN/m, as shown in the figure.
𝑉𝐴𝐵 = 6𝑥 𝑉𝐵𝐶 = 6𝑥 − 22(𝑥 − 2)
𝑥 = −16𝑥 − 44
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = 6𝑥
2
= 3𝑥 2 𝑥 22
𝑀𝐵𝐶 = 6𝑥 − (𝑥 − 2)2
2 2
= 3𝑥 2 − 11(𝑥 − 2)2

Solution:
Segment CD: 3.5 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 5.5
[FBD] 2.75 m 33 𝑘𝑁
𝑉𝐶𝐷 = 6𝑥 − 22(1.5)
22 𝑘𝑁/𝑚 = −16𝑥 − 44
𝐴 𝐵 𝐶 𝐷
𝑥
𝑀𝐶𝐷 = 6𝑥 − 22 1.5 𝑥 − 2.75
2
6 𝑘𝑁/𝑚
= 3𝑥 2 − 33𝑥 + 90.75
2m 1.5 m 2m
𝑥
𝑥
𝑥

Excerpts from: Kassimali, A., Structural Analysis, 5th Ed, ©2015 Prepared by: Joseph L. Dumangas, RCE, RMP, ME-1
 Analysis of Statically Determinate Structures CE 314 - Structural Theory
22 𝑘𝑁/𝑚
𝐴 𝐵 𝐶 𝐷

6 𝑘𝑁/𝑚

2m 1.5 m 2m

12

-12

16.5

Excerpts from: Kassimali, A., Structural Analysis, 5th Ed, ©2015 Prepared by: Joseph L. Dumangas, RCE, RMP, ME-1