Portugal started as a fiefdom of the Kingdom of León but became an independent kingdom in 1143 under King D. Afonso Henriques, who led military victories against the Moors. The Reconquista, the centuries-long fight against Muslim rule in the Iberian Peninsula, helped establish Portuguese identity and control over cities like Lisbon during this period from the 11th to 13th centuries. The Crown relied on the nobility and military orders to push back the Moors and expand Portuguese territory.
Portugal started as a fiefdom of the Kingdom of León but became an independent kingdom in 1143 under King D. Afonso Henriques, who led military victories against the Moors. The Reconquista, the centuries-long fight against Muslim rule in the Iberian Peninsula, helped establish Portuguese identity and control over cities like Lisbon during this period from the 11th to 13th centuries. The Crown relied on the nobility and military orders to push back the Moors and expand Portuguese territory.
Portugal started as a fiefdom of the Kingdom of León but became an independent kingdom in 1143 under King D. Afonso Henriques, who led military victories against the Moors. The Reconquista, the centuries-long fight against Muslim rule in the Iberian Peninsula, helped establish Portuguese identity and control over cities like Lisbon during this period from the 11th to 13th centuries. The Crown relied on the nobility and military orders to push back the Moors and expand Portuguese territory.
Portugal's medieval period is a story of independence, religious struggle, and territorial expansion. Here's a closer look:
Reconquista and Birth of a Nation (11th-13th Centuries):
Portugal started as the County of Portugal, a fiefdom of the Kingdom of León.
D. Afonso Henriques (1128-1185) is considered the founder of Portugal. Through military victories against the Moors and political maneuvering, he declared Portugal an independent kingdom in 1143. The Reconquista, the centuries-long fight to reclaim the Iberian Peninsula from Muslim rule, became a defining aspect of Portuguese identity. Major cities like Lisbon were captured during this period. The Crown heavily relied on the nobility and military orders like the Knights Templar and the Order of Avis to push back the Moors and establish control over the land.