TRENDS REVIEWER

I.

Globalization

- comes from globe and means the worldwide coming together of countries and nations.

Advances in technology such as mobile phones, airplanes, telephones, and the internet have made the growth of
transport and communication networks possible. Amongst other things, this means that people and countries can
exchange information and goods more quickly and in a less complicated way.

Not only does an exchange of products and economic goods take place, but also of SERVICES, KNOWLEDGE, CULTURAL
GOODS, and even LANGUAGES. All of these individual elements are closely linked and influence each other.

Because of globalization and this exchange of goods, people and the environment often suffer. If a company decides to
move production to an economically disadvantaged country, people in industrialized countries lose their jobs, at the
same time, job opportunities open up to many locals in the economically disadvantaged country. Many people in these
countries work for very little money in comparison to those in industrialized countries. Therefore, they often remain poor
and more often than not, do not have sufficient insurance, social insurance, or health insurance cover.

A further disadvantage of globalization is ecological problems such as CLIMATE CHANGE.

The use of airplanes, ships, and lorries to transport goods over international borders is constantly in the increase. This
causes more carbon dioxide to ve released into the atmosphere which in turn is the main cause of global warming.

Positive effects of globalization:

1. Economic advancement
2. Reduction in poverty
3. Creation of jobs
4. Greater access to technology
5. Cultural diversity

II.

ASEAN
- Association of Southeast Asian Nations Founded in 1967 by
1. Brunei 1. Philippines
2. Cambodia 2. Indonesia
3. Indonesia 3. Malaysia
4. Laos 4. Thailand
5. Malaysia 5. Singapore
6. Myanmar
7. Philippines
8. Singapore
9. Thailand
10. Vietnam
Mission
• Political - Security
• Economic
• Socio – Cultural

Chloe Tañedo
12 – HUMSS 16
To balance political conflicts between these countries that existed as a consequence of decolonization in 1995, these
countries joined ASEAN:

1. Myanmar
2. Cambodia
3. Laos
4. Vietnam

The collapse of the USSR, the founding of World Health Organization, and a financial crisis in asia prompted
members to deepen their relations and adapt to the new situation.

In 2000, Free trade agreements were concluded with:

1. India
2. China
3. South Korea
4. Australia
5. New Zealand
6. Japan

Since 2001, the ASEAN Summit takes place annually.

- It is a meeting of the heads of state and government where problems are discussed, and solutions are worked out

in 2008, the ASEAN Charter came into force, giving the association a status of legal person.

- Principles of non intervention and consensual decision taking remains unchanged by the charter.
- Decisions are made by a consensus, no members can be force to something. As a result, the group appears to be close.

Today, ASEAN is based on the 3 pillars

1. As a political - security community to ensure peace
2. As an economic community with a strong domestic market
3. As a socio - cultural community including a common identity

CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS

- Countries such as Vietnam or the Philippines are particularly vulnerable to climate change
- Indonesia plans to build 117 new coal fired power plants by 2025
- Myanmar invest in gigantic electric power plants and coal
- Laos builds dams in the Mekong

Aiming for 4th pillar, the environmental pillar

- it must ensure that ecological limits are taken into account in the growth debate

Chloe Tañedo
12 – HUMSS 16
III.
Planetary Networks
- is the interconnections and interrelations among the various elements in the natural environment enveloping and
affecting Earth as well as beyond Earth’ s surface.

Global Warming
- a phenomenon which refers to the rising of global average temperature on Earth’ s surface due to the thinning of the
ozone layer in Earth’ s atmosphere

Climate Change
- is the long-term changes in weather patterns that define our local, regional, and global climates, which have a broad
range of effects. This includes rising sea levels, rapid sea ice melting, and increases in precipitation.

Negative Effects of Climate Change:

1. Forest fire
2. El Niño
3. Super typhoon
4. Energy exhaustion
5. Loss of habitat
6. Wildfire

THE EFFECTS OF CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCTION PATTERNS ON CLIMATE CHANGE

1. Production - refers to how people generate and manufacture the products they need to use, sell, or consume.
Almost everything comes from natural resources which are depleted every time they are used. The more
progressive the country is, the more they contribute to the depletion of the ozone layer and the worsening of
global warming and climate change.

2. Consumption - refers to the use of economic or consumer goods and resources. Consumption patterns can be
categorized as individual, family, company, and government consumption. It is the main reason why we need to
use our resources.

In economics, the more consumption, the more demand, the more demand the more production, the more
production the more extraction to natural resources, the more extraction the faster for the resources to destroy. The
resources in our environment are limited but the need for production and consumption is unlimited.

Simple things we can do to help fight climate change:

• Save energy ● Plant trees

• Improve your diet ● Avoid plastics
• Saving water at home ● Get on your bike
• Recycling ● Be informed
• Compost food scrap ● Sharing is caring

Chloe Tañedo
12 – HUMSS 16
IV.

Network
- a group of individuals who collaborate with each other to be able to achieve a common purpose and connection
- consist of two words, "net" and "work" which quite mean, "working like a net" which means a combination of lines that
work as one

Every individual is part of a global networked society. Through the use of technology, human can easily connect to each
other in a different corner of the world. Collaboration, Participation, and Interaction are important skills that we must
possess in this world nowadays. To achieve an ordered community, it must have linkages and connections.

1. Social Network
- It is a group of social interactions and personal relationships or a dedicated website or other application which enables
users to communicate with each other by posting information comments, messages, and images.

2. Neural Network
- It is a computer architecture in which a number of processors are interconnected in a manner suggestive of the
connections between neurons in a human brain and which is able to learn by a process of trial and error.

Social network is made up of humans while Neural network is made up of neurons. Both networks individual entities
mutually influence each other as participants in a group. Each part has a function and contributes to the whole network.

Human Brain
- is composed of neurons which spreads messages from one nerve cell to another and set together to form a network of
nerves.

Neurons
- communicate with each other relaying messages throughout your body and powering all of your thoughts and actions.
- Neurons talk to each other using both electrical and chemical signals.

Messages stored as electrical signals traveling rapidly down in a neuron. These signals are called Action Potentials. When
they reach the gap between two neurons, the messages need some help to get across.

The information in transformed from an action potential into a chemical message which crosses the gap called a
Synapse. The release of all those chemical messengers can trigger an action potential in the neuron of the other side of
the synapse, conveying the message onward or it can quite the message. This happens over and over and over and with
repeated activity. The synapse gets stronger so the next message is more likely to get through. That way, neurons learn
to pass on important messages anf ignore the rest.

The functions of the human brain can be compared to the society.

SOCIETY
- is made up of different social groups and various types of people with different attitudes, characters, and functions.

Chloe Tañedo
12 – HUMSS 16
Neural and Social network are both channels for LINKAGE and INNER CONNECTION.

Neural network connects nerve cells, it keeps the body alive and the message is transmitted by neurons in seconds. The
response is appropriate to particular body parts.

Social Network links people. It maintains kinship ties or common interests so that members continue to accomplish
things together.

In social network, the verbal and nonverbal languages, as well as technology are used for linkage and interconnection.
And the responses may be different from others. To achieve this, each group and individuals need to interact and
connect with each other, and most especially, they need to do their part and function within the society. And failure to
do so will lead to Misunderstanding, Conflict, and serious problems which may result in the failure of an individual,
organization, or a group.

Social networks may include social institutions that focused on meeting a social need like:

1. Schools - serves as foundation for knowledge and skills.

2. Church - for spiritual guidance, "the pillar of the ground of truth"
3. Family - for procreation
4. Economy - for products and services
5. Media - for information and entertainment
6. Government - to protect us from our rights

If our brain regulates body functions social groups or networks are also regulated by laws to protect the rights of every
member and to maintain peace and to avoid conflicts.

SOCIAL NETWORKING PLATFORMS:

1. Facebook
- the largest and one of the most widely used social networking sites in the world. The first to surpass the
landmark of one billion user accounts.

2. WhatsApp
- It is an instant messaging platform that exists as an independent entity which captures the imagination of
millions of people by having the ability to communicate and share instantly with individuals and groups.

3. Instagram
- it was launched as a unique social networking platform that was completely based on sharing photos and
videos. Thus, this enables us to capture the best moments of our lives. It allows us to apply multiple filters to
photos and easily post them to other popular networking sites.

4. Twitter
- It enables us to post short text messages, containing a limited number of characters to convey your message to
the world.

Chloe Tañedo
12 – HUMSS 16
 5. YouTube
- the world's largest video sharing social networking site that enables users to upload and share videos, view,
comment, and like.

ADVANTAGES OF SOCIAL NETWORKS:

1. You can meet new friends

2. Communicate in long hours with other users
3. Easily access news and information
4. It's simple and easy to connect with people
5. More opportunities for doing and developing business

DISADVANTAGES OF SOCIAL NETWORKS:

1. Bullying, cyber bullying, social pressure

2. Spread of fake news
3. Distraction from work
4. Health problems
5. Confidentiality risks

V.

Some important terms:

1. Dr. Robert Hecht-Nielsen - inventor of earliest neurocomputer

2. Perception - people may have different perception of things. Some may see a number as 9, some may see it as 6,
depends on their point of view.

3. Social Network - is a system wherein experts are able to identify and analyze relations within the society.

4. Neurotic Thinking - the ability to come up with a meaning from a complex pattern.

5. Affiliation Network - dynamic state response to external inputs.

6. Triad - a relationship between 3 entities. Example: A student forming a friendship to two other students.

7. Reinforcement learning - rewarding good actions and punishing bad actions.

8. Intuitive thinking - gut feeling about something. it is the ability to understand something without the need for
conscious thinking.

Chloe Tañedo
12 – HUMSS 16