[M]

Modal verbs
May and might; Must and have
(got) to
 May and Might ♥
We don't use may to ask questions about the possibility of
something happening. Instead we use, for example,
could(n't) or the phrase be likely:
Could it be that you don't want to leave?
Are you likely to be in Spain again this summer?
It is possible to use might in this type of question, but it is
rather formal:
Might they be persuaded to change their minds?
Note that we can use may in formally asking for
permission and offering help:
May I leave now?
May I help you?

[M]
 May and Might ♥
When we say that a person or thing compensates to some
extent for a limitation or weakness by having another
characteristic, we can use a pattern with may / might not +
bare infinitive ... b u t... or may / might not have + past
participle ... b u t...:
The painting may not be a masterpiece, but the colours
are remarkable.
She might not have danced very gracefully, but she had
a lot of energy and enthusiasm.

[M]
 May and Might ♥
We use may / might (not ’can') + have + past participle and
may / might (not ‘can') + be + -ing to talk about possible
events in the past, present and future:
Do you think Laura may / might have completed the report by
now? (past)
His maths may / might have improved by the time the exam
comes round, (future)
Marco isn't in his office. He may / might be working at home
today, (present)
When I go to Vienna I may / might be staying with Max, but I'm
not sure yet. (future)

[M]
 May and Might ♥
Note that could can be used in these sentences instead of may
or might:
Do you think Laura could have completed the report by now?
We can use may / might have been + -ing to talk about
possible situations or activities that went on over a period of
past time:
Callum didn't know where the ball was, but he thought his
sister might have been playing with it before she left for school

[M]
 ♥
Let’s have practice

[M]
 ♥
Let’s have practice

[M]
 ♥
Let’s have practice

[M]
[M]
 Let’s practise ♥
Last year we went on a school journey/trip to York.
It was a long and difficult trip/voyage for Columbus and his
crew.
Journey/Travel teaches you a lot about the world.
Marco Polo's journey/travel took many years.
My parents sometimes have to go away on business
journeys/trips.
One day spacecraft will go on incredible trips/voyages that will
take years and years.
We spend a lot of money on foreign journey/travel.
The trip/voyage to my village takes just 20 minutes.

[M]
Let’s practise ♥
 o you ever travel abroad in the holidays?
D
What are your favourite destinations?
How important is travel for you? Why?
Where is a good place to go on a day trip from your town or
city? Give reasons.
Do you like going on sightseeing trips?
Why/Why not?
What type of transport do you prefer for short trips? And for
long journeys? Give reasons.
What is the longest journey you've been on? Give details.

[M]
 Let’s practise ♥
Our world is on the move. (1)____But there is also more
and more pollution, there are more and more accidents,
and transport seems to be going slower than before, not
faster.
So shouldn't we be thinking of ways to revolutionise the
world of transport? American millionaire Elon Musk is
quite clearly a man who wants to help bring about this
revolution. With his Tesla Motors company he has
managed to reinvent the electric car, producing a popular
all-electric sports car. (2)____But his boldest plan for future
transport is the Hyperloop, a plan which looks and sounds
like pure science fiction.

[M]
 Let’s practise ♥
If everything goes according to plan, the Hyperloop
will be a system of long tubes set on top of towers
which will run next to motorways. Inside the tubes
people will travel inside capsules: about six
passengers plus their luggage per capsule.(3)___With
no friction, Musk believes they will be able to travel at
speeds of up to 1,220kph, nearly the speed of sound!
It will take just half an hour to travel from Los Angeles
to San Francisco. Currently the journey takes seven
hours. The attraction of the Hyperloop is that it is
much faster than a high-speed train, and, unlike
planes, there will be no time wasted in taking off and
landing.

[M]
 Let’s practise ♥
Nevertheless, for journeys over 1,600 kilometres, Elon Musk
believes that supersonic air travel will be preferable. In the last
50 years, there has been a sharp increase in the number of
people travelling by air. (4)____With this in mind, the company
Airbus has already made plans for how they are going to make
flying more attractive.
The engineers at Airbus think that in 2050, with new
construction techniques and materials, planes will have
transparent sections allowing you panoramic views from your
seat. Seats will change size and shape to give you a more
comfortable flight. And passengers will be able to choose
between different zones in the plane such as an Interactive
zone, where you'll be able to meet people and play electronic
games, and a Relaxation zone, where special seats will give you
a massage!

[M]
 Let’s practise ♥
For shorter journeys, experts predict that cars will
probably remain the most common means of transport. Of
course, soon the self-driving car will be the norm,
hopefully limiting the number of road accidents. But it
probably won't be too long before we start seeing flying
cars in our skies.
(5)____ Soon, when you look up, you'll see hundreds of
drones carrying everything from pizzas to heavy packages.
A group of experts is meeting again next month to talk
about the impact of drones on air traffic. But imagine
when cars take to the skies, too. A major challenge will be
how to produce flying cars that do not create terrible air
and noise pollution, or serious collisions.

[M]
 Let’s practise ♥
(6)____Maybe that's one of the reasons why Japanese
engineers are drawing up plans to put tourists into space
using a massive elevator that will travel more than 35,000
kilometres into orbit. Thirty passengers and their small crew
will spend a week travelling a quarter of the way to the
Moon at speeds of up to 190kph. At the end of the journey,
they'll reach a space station where they'll be able to get an
astronauts view of the Earth, with little or no training
beforehand. The only problems at the moment are the cost
of the elevator's construction (roughly estimated at $6
billion), and the fact that it could take 40 years to build!

[M]