FIRST AID FIRST

UNIT NO 1
FIRST AID

BY: Ms Angelina
Kakhshan
 OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lecture the students will be able to:
• Definition of first aid.
• Understand the key steps of first aid.
• To learn about basic skills of first aid.
• Knowledge about types of first aid.
• Guidline of first aid Procedure.
• Knowledge about first aid kit.
• Explain the golden rules of first aid.
• Learn the principles of first aid.
When was the word first aid used?

• The term “first aid” first appeared in 1878 as a combination of “first

treatment” and “National Aid.” In Britain, civilian ambulance crews
were trained specifically for the railways, mines, and the police.

Who coined(Found) the word first aid?

• Friedrich Esmarch, the Founder of Modern First Aid.
WHAT IS FIRST AID
• First aid is emergency care given immediately to an injured person.

• The purpose of first aid is to minimize injury and future disability.

• In serious cases, first aid may be necessary to keep the victim

(PATIENT)alive.
Definition of first aid

• Emergency care or treatment given to an ill or injured person

before regular medical aid can be obtained.
What are the 3 importance of first aid?
• In the time it takes for more advanced care to arrive,
• first aid aims
• to prevent medical conditions from deteriorating,
• help relieve pain,
• provide reassurance
What are the 5 key steps of first aid?
• DRABC is used by first aiders when providing first aid:
• D for Danger – Assess the situation.
• R for Response – Check consciousness, check on vital signs.
• A for Airway – Open airway.
• B for Breathing – Check respiration rates.
• C for Circulation – Give chest compressions.
1.Basic skills like CPR,
2.setting a splint,
3.stopping bleeding in dire situations,
are important life skills.

•.
 What are types of first aid

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.
Those trained in cardiopulmonary
resuscitation (CPR) can help a victim of cardiac arrest to start
breathing again. ...
• Bleeding. It's important to stop a wound from bleeding to
prevent the loss of too much blood. ...
• Burns. ...
• Choking. ...
• Broken Bones
Here are the 5 Steps to First Aid:
• Recognize the emergency. Does someone look like they're in trouble?
• Call Ambulance Number if you think you should. ...
• Ask them questions in case the situation escalates( to increase in
extent, volume, number) to unconsciousness. ...
• Be kind and calm. ...
• Be a Steward of the person.
THREE P’s OF FIRST AID
• Clean the wound by gently running over it. Avoid using soap on an
open wound. Apply antibiotic to the wound, Cover the wound with a
bandage
With deep wounds:
• Apply pressure.
• Don't apply ointments. ...
• Seek medical attention as soon as possible
Read through these detailed guides on all 10
items
• The “Three P's” The “Three P's” are the primary goals of first aid. ...
• Check the Scene for Danger. ...
• Treating Cuts and Scrapes. ...
• Treating Sprains. ...
• Treating Heat Exhaustion. ...
• Treating Hypothermia. ...
• Treating Burns. ...
• Allergic Reactions.
• What are the basic first aid procedures?
A basic first aid kit should include:
• alcohol pads or antiseptic pads.
• Band-Aids (all sizes)
• cotton balls and Q-tips.
• elastic bandages.
• hot and cold packs.
• medical tape.
• small container of sterile water or saline spray.
• soap and hand sanitizer.
What are 10 items in a first aid box?
• A basic first aid kit may contain:
• plasters in a variety of different sizes and shapes.
• small, medium and large sterile gauze dressings.
• at least 2 sterile eye dressings.
• triangular bandages.
• crêpe rolled bandages.
• safety pins.
• disposable sterile gloves.
• tweezers.
What are the 3 main procedures for first aid?

First aid is as easy as ABC –

• airway,
• breathing and CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation).
• Circulation : Puls and heart rate In any situation.
Why are first aid procedures important?

• First aid can save lives

When it comes to more serious injuries, first aid provides an essential

role in keeping a casualty from getting worse and helps to stabilise
their condition before professional(Doctor) help can arrive.
What are the 8 steps of first aid?

• John is passionate about first aid and believes everyone should have the
skills and confidence to take action in an emergency situation.
The 8 steps to evaluate a casualty
• Responsiveness – are they conscious? ...
• Breathing.
• Pulse.
• Bleeding.
• Shock.
• Fractures.
• Burns.
• Concussions / head injuries
What is first aid in emergency?

• First aid sometimes referred to as EMERGENCY AID is the first skilled

[acceptable] assistance given to a victim (sick or injured)
• on the occurrence of accident or sudden illness in order to preserve
life,
• prevent further injury relive suffering until qualified medical care is
available
The golden rules of First Aid
• Do first things first quickly, quietly and with out fuss or panic.
• Give artificial reparation if breathing has stopped---every
second count.
• Stop any bleeding .
• Guard against or treat for shock-- by moving the casualty as
little as possible and handling him gently.
• Do not attempt too much – do the minimum that is essential
to save life and prevent the condition from worsening.
• Reassure the casualty and those around and so help to
lessen anxiety.
cont:

• Do not allow people to crowd-- as fresh air is essential.

• Do not remove clothes– un necessarily.

• Arranger for the removal of the casualty – to the care of a, Doctors or

hospital as soon as possible.
Principles of First Aid
• Preserve Life. ...
• Prevent Deterioration. ...(bad condition)
• Promote Recovery. ...
• Taking immediate action. ...
• Calming down the situation. ...
• Calling for medical assistance. ...
• Apply the relevant treatment