DHACSS DEGREE COLLEGE FOR BOYS & GRILS

KHAYABAN-E-RAHAT, PHASE-VI, DHA KARACHI

Important Numerical

Chapter 1 (Stoichiometry)

i. Aluminium chloride is used in the manufacturing of rubber. It is produced by allowing Aluminum to

react with Cl2 gas at 650oC.
2Al(s) + 3Cl2(g) → 2AlCl3(aq)

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When 160g Aluminum reacts with excess of chlorine, 650g of AlCl3 is produced. What is the
percentage yield of AlCl3?

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ii. The reaction of calcium carbonate with hydrochloric acid is given as:
CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) → CaCl2(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)
If 50 grams of CaCO3(s) react with an excess of hydrochloric acid to form 14.52 grams of CO2(g),
calculate the percentage yield of the reaction.
iii. Calculate the number of moles and molecules in 38g of carbon disulphide.

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iv. 1.6g of a sample of gas occupies a volume of 1.12dm3 at STP. Determine the molar mass of the
substance.
v. Simplify (3.25x104) by using rules of exponential notation.
vi. What volume at S.T.P. of Ammonia will be produced when 100 grams of NH4Cl are allowed to
react with 100 grams of Ca(OH)2? 2 NH 4 Cl  Ca OH 2  2 NH 3  CaCl 2  2 H 2 O
ER Chapter 2 (Atomic Structure)

i. Write the electronic configuration of the following: Cu(Z=29), Br- (Z= 35), Cr (Z=24), Ca+2 (Z=20)
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Chapter 4 (States of Matter-Gas)

i. 1.40dm3 volume of a gas collected at a temperature of 27oC and pressure of 900 torr was found to
have a mass 2.273g. Calculate the molecular mass of the gas.
ii. Methane (CH4) gas at 30oC and 820 torr pressure occupies a volume of 10.3 dm3. Calculate the volume
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that it will occupy at standard temperature and pressure.

iii. 1100ml of CO2 gas at 500 torr, 1500ml nitrogen at 400 torr and 800ml of oxygen at 600 torr are placed
together in a container of 1000ml capacity. Find the partial pressure of each gas.
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Chapter 7(Chemical Equilibrium)

i. Define Solubility. The solubility of Mg(OH)2 at 25oC is 4.6x103 gm/100cm3. What is the solubility
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product of Mg(OH)2?
ii. What is the ionic concentration of Ag+ and CrO42- in saturated solution of Ag2CrO4 at 25oC? Ksp of
Ag2CrO4 is 1.9x10-12mole3/dm9.
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iii. For the reaction, N2+ H2 ⇄ NH3 the equilibrium mixture contains 0.25M Nitrogen and 0.15 M
Hyderogen gas at 25oC. Calculate the concentration of NH3. The volume of container is 1dm3.
iv. Will Cadmium hydroxide precipitate from 0.02M solution of CdCl2 at pH=10. Ksp of Cd(OH)2 =
2.5x10-14mole2/dm6
v. Discuss the effect of temperature and pressure on the following reactions.
a. N2+3H2 ⇄ NH3 + ΔH b. N2+O2+ heat ⇄ 2NO

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 vi. Ethyl Acetate is an ester of ethanol and acetic acid commonly used as an organic solvent
CH3COOH + C2H5OH ⇄ CH3COOC2H5 + H2O
In an esterification process 180g of acetic acid and 138g of ethanol were mixed at 298K and allowed
to start reaction under necessary conditions. After equilibrium is established 60g of unused acetic acid
were present in the reaction mixture. Calculate Kc.

Chapter 8(Acid Base and salts)

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i. What is Bronsted-Lowry concept of an acid and a base? Define conjugate acid/base pair with an
example.

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ii. Calculate the pH and pOH of the solution of nitric acid whose concentration is 2.0x10-2 moles/dm3.
iii. pH of a solution is 8.4. Calculate the H+ion and OH  ion concentration.
iv. Explains why queous solution of NH4Cl is acidic while that of Na2CO3 is basic.

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Chapter 9 (Chemical Kinetics)

i. Define rate of a reaction and specific rate constant. Determine the initial rate of this reaction:
2NO2 → 2NO + O2, if the initial concentration of NO2 was found to be 0.35 mol/dm3 and the rate
constant at experimental temperature was 1.8×103 mol-1/dm3.s-1.
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ii. The overall rate law for the reaction A+B → C is R = K[A][B].
If in an experiment the initial concentration of A and B was found to be 0.43M and 0.78M respectively
while the initial rate was 3.8x10-3Ms-1. Determine rate constant and mention its unit.
iii. The reaction 2NO+Cl2 → 2NOCl was studied at 25oC. The following results were obtained.
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No. Initial conc. Of NO Initial conc. Of Cl2 Initial rate (mol/dm3.s)

(mol/dm3) (mol/dm3)
1 0.1 0.1 2.52x10-3
2 0.1 0.2 5.04x10-3
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3 0.2 0.1 10.05x10-3

iv. Decomposition of NO2 into NO and O2 is of second order reaction.

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2NO2 → 2NO +O2

If the rate constant at certain temperature is 3.8x10-4 dm3.mol-1s-1 and the initial concentration of NO2
is 0.38M, calculate the initial rate of reaction.
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Chapter 10 (Solutions and colloids)

i. Define the term Concentration of a solution. Describe the various Units of concentration. Calculate
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the molarity of a solution if 6.24g NaOH is dissolved in water and the solution is made up to 100cm3
in a volumetric flask.
ii. A solution is prepared by mixing 46g ethanol (C2H5OH) and 180g water. Calculate the mole fraction
of both components.

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 Chapter 11 (Thermochemistry)

i. A thermochemical process is carried out at constant pressure of 8.52 atm. If it absorbs 1.4KJ energy
from the surrounding due to which an expansion in the volume of 4.7dm3 is occurred. Calculate its
change in internal energy.
ii. Glycerol (C3H8O3) is a well-known organic compound due to its versatile uses. Calculate the standard
enthalpy of formation of glycerol from the data given below.
 3C+ 4H2 +3/2O2 → C3H8O3 ΔHf =?

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 C+ O2 → CO2 ΔH = -393.5KJ/mol
1
 H2 + O2 → H2O ΔH = -258.5KJ/mol

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2
1
 C3H8O3 +3 O2 → 3CO2 + H2O
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ΔH= -1654.1KJ/mol
iii. Draw a fully labelled Born Haber cycle for Rubidium chloride (RbCl) and determine the lattice
energy by using the following values. (all in KJ/mol)

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 I.P1st of Rb =403
 Electron Affinity of Cl= -394
 Bond energy of Cl2= 242
 Sublimation energy of Rb= 86.5
 Heat of formation of RbCl(s)= - 430.5
In the manufacturing of nitric acid by the Ostwald’s method, one of the most important exothermic
iv.
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reactions is the oxidation of ammonia.
4NH3+5O2 → 4NO+ 6H2O
Determine standard heat of reaction (∆Ho) from the following given data.
∆Hfo of NH3 = - 46.19KJ/mol ∆Hfo of NO = 90.25KJ/mol ∆Hfo of H2O = -285.8KJ/mol
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Chapter 12 (Electrochemistry)

i. Balance the following equations by ion-electrode method.

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a. MnO4- + Cl- → Mn2+ + Cl2 (acidic medium)

b. HNO3 + H2S → NO +S + H2O
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c. MnO4+ SO32- +OH- → Mn2+ + SO42-

d. Cr2O7- + I2 → Cr3+ + OI3- ( Acidic)
e. Br2 + OH- → Br- + BrO3- +H2O (Basic)
f. Cr(OH)2 + SO42- → CrO42- + SO32- (basic)
g. MnO4- + C2O42- → Mn 2+ + CO2 (Acidic)
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