UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS 2013/2014 ACADEMIC YEAR

2nd YEAR EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF

SCIENCE AND BACHELOR OF EDUCATION SCIENCE

COURSE CODE/TITLE: SCH 201: CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS

END OF SEMESTER: I DURATION: 3 HOURS

DAY/TIME: THURSDAY: 3.00 - 6.00PM DATE: 5/12/2013 (PL4)

INSTRUCTIONS: ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS IN PART A AND ANY TWO

QUESTIONS IN PART B

PART A: ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS (40 MARKS)

Constants: R = 8.315 J/K mole-1, NA = 6.023 / 1023 mole-1, h = 6.626 x 10-34Js,

KB = 1.381 x 10-23J K-1, c = 3x108 ms-1

1. State the first law of thermodynamics and the concept of energy (3 marks)
2. Differentiate between a intensive and extensive properties and give examples for each
(3 marks)
3. Find the entropy change of the system and of the surroundings if 3.000 mol of water
freezes reversibly at 1.000 atm. The freezing temperature is 0.00 ◦C at this pressure,
and the specific enthalpy change of fusion is equal to 79.7 cal g −1 at this temperature.
4. Calculate the work done on a closed system consisting of 50.00 g of argon, assumed
ideal, when it expands isothermally and reversibly from a volume of 5.000 L to a
volume of 10.00 L at a temperature of 298.15 K. (4 marks)
5. 3. Explain the three methods of liquefaction of gases and state their applications in
both industry and day to day use (6 marks)

Page 1 of 3
 6. The molar heat capacity at constant pressure of ammonia gas is expressed by:
Cp = 25.87 +3.3 x 10-2 T – 3.04x10-6 T2 J/K/mole
C\lcul\te the increase in entropy when 1 mole of ammonia is heated from 298K to
398K (5 marks)
7. Calculate the change internal energy for a process that takes 1.000 mol of argon from
T = 298.15K and V = 2.000 L to T = 373.15K and V = 20.000 L. (4 marks)
8. Calculate the change in enthalpy for the change of state of 1.000 mol of helium from a
volume of 5.000 L and a temperature of 298.15K to a volume of 10.000 L and a
temperature of 373.15 K. Assume that CP,m = 5R/2 (5 marks)
9. Define the Hess’s law (2 marks)
10. The standard-state enthalpy change of combustion of methane at 298.15K is −890.36
kJ mol−1, with liquid water as one of the products. Find the enthalpy change of
formation of methane at 298.15K using the enthalpy changes of formation of H 2O and
CO2. (5 marks)
PART B: Answer any TWO questions (30 marks)

11. a) Calculate the enthalpy of vaporisation for ethanol using the following data for 77 oC
and 1 atmospheric pressure (8 marks)
Dp/dt (mmHgk-1) 28.6
Volume per gram vapour (cm3) 606.3
3
Volume per gram liquid (cm ) 0.737
Acceleration due to gravity cm/s2) 981
Density of mercury (g/cm3) 134.59
b) Calculate the entropy change for a sample containing 2.000 mol of helium gas
originally at 298.15K and 1.000 bar is cooled to its normal boiling temperature of
4.00K , condensed to a liquid, and then cooled further to 2.00 K, where it undergoes
another phase transition to a second liquid form, called liquid helium II. This liquid
phase is suddenly vaporized by a beam of laser light, and the helium is brought to a
temperature of 298.15K and a pressure of 0.500 bars (7 marks)
12. a) Differentiate between Gibbs energy and Helmholtz energy and derive the Gibbs-
Helmholtz equation. (4 marks)

Page 2 of 3
b) Calculate the Gibbs Free energy change at 25oC for the reaction (6 marks)
i) C2H5OH +O2 CH3COOH + H2O ∆G = -238 KJ
ii) 2C + 3H2O +1/2O2  C2H5OH ∆G = -176 KJ
iii) 2C + 2H2O + O2  CH3COOH ∆G = -394 KJ

c) Given the following information

CO + ½ O2  CO2 ∆H = -283.3 KJ
Substance Cp(J/K/mole)
CO 26.6 + 0.76 x 10-2
CO2 26.4 + 4.26 x 10-2
O2 25.6 + 1.32 x 10-2

13. (a) Differentaite between the Van’t Hoff equation and the Kirchoff’s equation
(5 marks)

(b) The equilibrium constant kp for the reaction is 1.64 x10-4 at 673 K.

N2 + 3H2 2NH3

Determine the mean enthalpy of formation for one mole of ammonia from its
elements in this temperature range (5 marks)

(c) Differentiate between adiabatic expansion and adiabatic compression and giving
examples (5 marks)

Page 3 of 3