Phase-1

COLD MIX TECHNOLOGY

In this phase, Cold Mix Technology is used for Bituminous Concrete (BC) and Dense Bituminous
Mixes (DBM) using 100% RAP. It was done with both emulsion and bitumen for comparing the
performance of different binders by using ANT Cold Mix modifier.

With Emulsion Type-1

BC
(RAP Passing through
10 mm Sieve)

With Bitumen Type-2

With Emulsion Type-3

DBM
(RAP Passing through
20 mm Sieve)

With Bitumen
Type-4

VG-30 bitumen and Slow Setting Cationic emulsion are used as binders in these four types of
mixes using Cold Mix Technology with ANT Cold Mix modifier.

1
 Type-1
Composition of Mix
Material Quantity (%)
RAP 100 Date of Casting 4/10/2023
Cement 2
Emulsion 3
Water 6.5 Date of Testing 8/10/2023
ANT 0.007
Density
Sample No. weight (Kg) Diameter (cm) Height (cm) Density (g/cc) Avg. Density (g/cc)
1 1.196 10 7.1 2.146
2 1.167 10 6.9 2.155
3 1.133 10 6.8 2.123
2.121
4 1.155 10 6.8 2.164
5 1.152 10 7 2.096
6 1.124 10 7 2.045
ITS
Sample No. Dry ITS (Kpa) Average Dry ITS (kPa)
2 284
3 268 267
6 266

Type-2
Composition of Mix
Material Quantity (%)
RAP 100 Date of Casting 4/10/2023
Cement 2
Bitumen 1.5
Water 6.5 Date of Testing 8/10/2023
ANT 0.007
Density
Sample No. weight (Kg) Diameter (cm) Height (cm) Density (g/cc) Avg. Density (g/cc)
1 1.154 10.1 6.8 2.119261223
2 1.168 10 6.9 2.156374042
3 1.152 10 6.8 2.158111652
2.156
4 1.158 10 6.8 2.169351817
5 1.143 10 6.8 2.141251405
6 1.187 10 6.9 2.191452045
ITS
Sample No. Dry ITS (Kpa) Average Dry ITS (kPa)
3 181
4 186 180.5
2 175

2
 Type-3
Composition of Mix
Material Quantity (%)
RAP 100 Date of Casting 5/10/2023
Cement 2
Emulsion 3
Water 6.5 Date of Testing 9/10/2023
ANT 0.007
Density
Sample No. weight (Kg) Diameter (cm) Height (cm) Density (g/cc) Avg. Density (g/cc)
1 1.07 10.1 7.5 1.782
2 1.047 10 7.1 1.879
3 1.118 10 7.4 1.925
1.863
4 1.087 10 7.5 1.846
5 1.116 10 7.5 1.896
6 1.134 10 7.8 1.852
ITS
Sample No. Dry ITS (Kpa) Average Dry ITS (kPa)
1 166
2 152 150.000
3 132

Type-4
Composition of Mix
Material Quantity (%)
RAP 100 Date of Casting 5/10/2023
Cement 2
Bitumen 1.5
Water 6.5 Date of Testing 9/10/2023
ANT 0.007
Density
Sample No. weight (Kg) Diameter (cm) Height (cm) Density (g/cc) Avg. Density (g/cc)
1 1.137 10 7.3 1.984120059
2 1.149 10 7.6 1.92591351
3 1.154 10 7.5 1.960084926
1.953
4 1.103 10 7.5 1.873460722
5 1.138 10 7.3 1.985865108
6 1.139 10 7.3 1.987610156
ITS
Sample No. Dry ITS (Kpa) Average Dry ITS (kPa)
1 104
2 103 107.333
3 115

3
 Phase-2
HOT MIX TECHNOLOGY
In this phase, four different types of Hot Rejuvenators (namely ANT, SP, PO and NFC) were used
in RAP with and without binder (bitumen).
Extraction of Bitumen from RAP
Bitumen content present in the RAP is 4.26 %.
Gradation of RAP

Weight of sample 1000 gms % of Passing As per IRC 120-2015

Retained Cummulative Retained Combined
Seive Lower Mid Upper
Weight weight of cummulative RAP
Size limit limit limit
(gms) Retained (%) Gradation
45.0 0 0.00 0.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
37.5 0 0.00 0.00 100.00 87.00 93.50 100.00
26.6 0 0.00 0.00 100.00 77.00 88.50 100.00
19.00 0 0.00 0.00 100.00 66.00 82.50 99.00
13.20 140 140.00 14.00 86.00 57.00 72.00 87.00
4.740 400 540.00 54.00 46.00 33.00 41.50 50.00
2.360 170 710.00 71.00 29.00 25.00 36.00 47.00
0.600 130 840.00 84.00 16.00 12.00 19.50 27.00
0.300 20 860.00 86.00 14.00 8.00 14.50 21.00
0.075 100 960.00 96.00 4.00 2.00 5.50 9.00
As PER IRC 120-2015

120.00

100.00

80.00
% of passing

60.00

40.00

20.00

0.00
0.075 0.300 0.600 2.360 4.740 13.20 19.00 26.6 37.5 45.0
Sieve size
Combined RAP Gradation Lower limit Upper limit Mid limit
4
 RAP + ANT Type-1

RAP + SP Type-2
Without
Bitumen
RAP + PO
Type-3

RAP + NFC
Type-4

RAP + ANT
Type-5

RAP + SP Type-6
With 1.2%
Bitumen
RAP + PO Type-7

RAP + NFC Type-8

5
 Type-1

Composition of Mix
Material Quantity (%)
Date of Casting 6/10/2023
RAP 100
ANT 0.1 Date of Testing 7/10/2023
Density
Sample No. weight (Kg) Diameter (cm) Height (cm) Density (g/cc) Avg. Density (g/cc)
1 1.174 10 7.8 1.917
2 1.195 10.1 7.6 1.964
3 1.18 10.1 7.6 1.939
1.924
4 1.193 10.1 7.7 1.935
5 1.164 10.1 7.8 1.864
6 1.189 10.1 7.7 1.928
ITS
Sample No. Dry ITS (Kpa) Average Dry ITS (kPa)
1 276
2 573
395.000
3 458
4 273

Type-2

Composition of Mix
Material Quantity (%)
Date of Casting 6/10/2023
RAP 100
SP 0.1 Date of Testing 7/10/2023
Density
Sample No. weight (Kg) Diameter (cm) Height (cm) Density (g/cc) Avg. Density (g/cc)
1 1.188 10.1 7.9 1.878
2 1.202 10 7.8 1.963
3 1.187 10.1 7.9 1.876
1.886
4 1.081 10.1 7.5 1.800
5 1.165 10.1 7.8 1.865
6 1.183 10 7.8 1.932
ITS
Sample No. Dry ITS (Kpa) Average Dry ITS (kPa)
1 365
2 268
324.000
3 389
4 274

6
 Type-3

Composition of Mix
Material Quantity (%)
Date of Casting 6/10/2023
RAP 100
PO 0.1 Date of Testing 7/10/2023
Density
Sample weight Diameter Height Density Avg. Density
No. (Kg) (cm) (cm) (g/cc) (g/cc)
1 1.181 10.1 7.9 1.866
2 1.189 10.1 7.6 1.953
3 1.205 10.1 7.7 1.954
1.921
4 1.157 10.1 7.3 1.979
5 1.209 10.1 7.7 1.960
6 1.155 10.2 7.8 1.813
ITS
Sample No. Dry ITS (Kpa) Average Dry ITS (kPa)
1 361
2 523
494.750
3 556
4 539

Type-4

Composition of Mix
Material Quantity (%)
Date of Casting 6/10/2023
RAP 100
NFC 0.1 Date of Testing 7/10/2023
Density
Sample No. weight (Kg) Diameter (cm) Height (cm) Density (g/cc) Avg. Density (g/cc)
1 1.208 10.1 8.1 1.862
2 1.174 10.1 8.1 1.809
3 1.167 10.1 7.8 1.868
1.831
4 1.155 10.1 8.2 1.758
5 1.178 10.1 7.7 1.910
6 1.179 10.1 8.3 1.773
ITS
Sample No. Dry ITS (Kpa) Average Dry ITS (kPa)
1 382
2 233
286.750
3 147
4 385

7
 Type-5

Composition of Mix
Material Quantity (%)
Date of Casting 7/10/2023
RAP 100
Bitumen 1.2
Date of Testing 8/10/2023
ANT 0.1
Density
Sample No. weight (Kg) Diameter (cm) Height (cm) Density (g/cc) Avg. Density (g/cc)
1 1.187 10.1 7.6 1.950
2 1.193 10 7.8 1.948
3 1.2 9.9 7.1 2.197
2.086
4 1.19 10 7 2.166
5 1.185 10.1 6.9 2.145
6 1.192 10 7.2 2.109
ITS
Sample No. Dry ITS (Kpa) Average Dry ITS (kPa)
1 642
2 502
840.250
3 1152
4 1065

Type-6

Composition of Mix
Material Quantity (%)
Date of Casting 7/10/2023
RAP 100
Bitumen 1.2
Date of Testing 8/10/2023
SP 0.1
Density
Sample No. weight (Kg) Diameter (cm) Height (cm) Density (g/cc) Avg. Density (g/cc)
1 1.207 10 6.5 2.366
2 1.195 10 6.9 2.206
3 1.182 10 7.4 2.035
2.029
4 1.187 10.1 7.6 1.950
5 1.191 10.1 7.5 1.983
6 1.19 10.1 9.1 1.633
ITS
Sample No. Dry ITS (Kpa) Average Dry ITS (kPa)
1 1949
2 1878
1243.750
3 619
4 529

8
 Type-7

Composition of Mix
Material Quantity (%)
Date of Casting 7/10/2023
RAP 100
Bitumen 1.2
Date of Testing 8/10/2023
PO 0.1
Density
Sample No. weight (Kg) Diameter (cm) Height (cm) Density (g/cc) Avg. Density (g/cc)
1 1.21 10 6.8 2.266
2 1.199 10.1 6.6 2.268
3 1.165 10 7.3 2.032
2.206
4 1.205 10.1 6.8 2.212
5 1.186 9.9 6.8 2.266
6 1.202 10 7 2.187
ITS
Sample No. Dry ITS (Kpa) Average Dry ITS (kPa)
1 1547
2 1584
1254.500
3 724
4 1163

Type-8
Composition of Mix
Material Quantity (%)
Date of Casting 7/10/2023
RAP 100
Bitumen 1.2
Date of Testing 8/10/2023
NFC 0.1
Density
Sample No. weight (Kg) Diameter (cm) Height (cm) Density (g/cc) Avg. Density (g/cc)
1 1.204 10 6.9 2.222
2 1.178 10 6.6 2.273
3 1.193 10 7.1 2.140
2.173
4 1.194 10.1 7.3 2.042
5 1.203 10 7 2.189
6 1.192 10 7 2.169
ITS
Sample No. Dry ITS (Kpa) Average Dry ITS (kPa)
1 1272
2 1289
1109.000
3 1045
4 830

9
 Phase-3
Pre-Modified RAP
In this phase, ANT Cold Mix modifier was added to the RAP 24 hours prior to the mixing process.
HOT MIX

1.5 % Bitumen
Mix-A

0 % Bitumen Mix-B
Batch-1
(varying binder content) 1.2% Bitumen Mix-C

Only RAP Mix-D

(without ANT)

Mix-A
Composition of Mix
Material Quantity (%)
Date of Casting 8/10/2023
RAP 100
Bitumen 1.5
Water 6.5 Date of Testing 9/10/2023
ANT Cold Mix Modifier 0.01
Density
Sample No. weight (Kg) Diameter (cm) Height (cm) Density (g/cc) Avg. Density (g/cc)
1 1.195 10 6.7 2.272
2 1.195 10 6.9 2.206
3 1.201 10 7.2 2.125
2.229
4 1.21 10 6.7 2.301
5 1.206 10 6.7 2.293
6 1.198 10 7 2.180
ITS
Sample No. Dry ITS (Kpa) Average Dry ITS (kPa)
1 1172
2 1054
1121.250
3 890
4 1369

10
 Mix-B
Composition of Mix
Material Quantity (%)
Date of Casting 8/10/2023
RAP 100
Bitumen 0
Water 6.5 Date of Testing 9/10/2023
ANT Cold Mix Modifier 0.01
Density
Sample No. weight (Kg) Diameter (cm) Height (cm) Density (g/cc) Avg. Density (g/cc)
1 1.196 10 7.4 2.059
2 1.197 10 7.4 2.061
3 1.206 10 7.7 1.995
2.034
4 1.196 10.1 7.5 1.991
5 1.195 10.1 7.6 1.964
6 1.207 10 7.2 2.136
ITS
Sample No. Dry ITS (Kpa) Average Dry ITS (kPa)
1 671
2 669
678.500
3 601
4 773

Mix-C
Composition of Mix
Material Quantity (%)
Date of Casting 9/10/2023
RAP 100
Bitumen 1.2
Water 6.5 Date of Testing 10/10/2023
ANT Cold Mix Modifier 0.01
Density
Sample No. weight (Kg) Diameter (cm) Height (cm) Density (g/cc) Avg. Density (g/cc)
1 1.214 10 7 2.209281165
2 1.206 10 6.8 2.259273136
3 1.216 10.1 7 2.169317554
2.234
4 1.217 10.1 6.9 2.202566772
5 1.209 10 6.8 2.264893218
6 1.209 10 6.7 2.298697595
ITS
Sample No. Dry ITS (Kpa) Average Dry ITS (kPa)
1 1143
2 1270
1199.750
3 1201
4 1185

11
 Mix-D
Composition of Mix
Material Quantity (%)
Date of Casting 8/10/2023
RAP 100
Bitumen 0
Water 0 Date of Testing 9/10/2023
ANT Cold Mix Modifier 0
Density
Sample No. weight (Kg) Diameter (cm) Height (cm) Density (g/cc) Avg. Density (g/cc)
1 1.184 10.1 7.3 2.025426267
2 1.195 10.1 7.5 1.98973041
3 1.181 10.1 7.1 2.077203973
2.030
4 1.188 10.1 7.2 2.060494881
5 1.199 10.1 7.5 1.996390596
6 1.202 10.1 7.4 2.028431488
ITS
Sample No. Dry ITS (Kpa) Average Dry ITS (kPa)
1 512
2 434
397.500
3 314
4 330

12
 HOT MIX With Gilsonite

4 % Gilsonite Mix-G1

Batch-2
(varying Gilsonite content)
6 % Gilsonite
Mix-G2

HOT
MIX

13
 Mix-G1
Composition of Mix
Material Quantity (%)
Date of Casting 9/10/2023
RAP 100
Gilsonite 4
Water 6.5 Date of Testing 10/10/2023
ANT Cold Mix Modifier 0.007
Density
Sample No. weight (Kg) Diameter (cm) Height (cm) Density (g/cc) Avg. Density (g/cc)
1 1.199 10 7 2.182
2 1.204 10 7.2 2.130
3 1.198 10 7 2.180
2.159
4 1.193 10 7 2.171
5 1.202 10 7.2 2.127
6 1.213 10.1 7 2.164
ITS
Sample No. Dry ITS (Kpa) Average Dry ITS (kPa)
1 667
2 785
818.000
3 960
4 860

Mix-G2
Composition of Mix
Material Quantity (%)
Date of Casting 9/10/2023
RAP 100
Gilsonite 6
Water 6.5 Date of Testing 10/10/2023
ANT Cold Mix Modifier 0.007
Density
Sample No. weight (Kg) Diameter (cm) Height (cm) Density (g/cc) Avg. Density (g/cc)
1 1.214 10 7 2.209
2 1.206 10 6.8 2.259
3 1.216 10.1 7 2.169
2.231
4 1.217 10.1 6.9 2.203
5 1.209 10 6.8 2.265
6 1.201 10 6.7 2.283
ITS
Sample No. Dry ITS (Kpa) Average Dry ITS (kPa)
1 289
2 440
448.750
3 530
4 536

14