Mean -Ungrouped data

Mean = (Sum of all the observations/Total number of observations)

Mean -Grouped data

Types of Mean

There are majorly three different types of mean value that you will be studying in statistics.

1. Arithmetic Mean
2. Geometric Mean
3. Harmonic Mean
Median Formula for Ungrouped Data
The following steps are helpful while applying the median formula for ungrouped data.

Step 1: Arrange the data in ascending or descending order.

Step 2: Secondly, count the total number of observations 'n'.
Step 3: Check if the number of observations 'n' is even or odd.

Example: The age of the members of a weekend poker team has been listed below. Find
the median of the above set.

{42, 40, 50, 60, 35, 58, 32}

Solution:

Step 1: Arrange the data items in ascending order.

Original set: {42, 40, 50, 60, 35, 58, 32}

Ordered Set: {32, 35, 40, 42, 50, 58, 60}

Step 2: Count the number of observations. N=odd

Step 3: Calculate the median using the formula.

Median = [(n + 1)/2]th term

= (7 + 1)/2th term = 4th term = 42

Median = 42
Median Formula for Grouped Data

n – Sum of cumulative frequency (n)

l- the lower limit of the median class(l)
h -class size(h)
c -cumulative frequency of the class preceding the median class (c)
f-Frequency

Step 1: Calculate the cumulative frequency of each class.

Step 2: Identify the class in which the median falls. (Median Class is the class where n/2
lies.)
Step 3: Apply formula

Important Notes on Median:

The above content to find the median has been summarized in the form of the following
points.

 Median is the central value of data (Positional Average).

 Data has to be arranged in ascending/descending order to find the middle value
or median.
 Not every value is considered while calculating the median.
 Median doesn't get affected by extreme points.
Mode
Ungrouped data -
Step 1-Data values to be arranged either in ascending or descending order
Step 2-Then Mode will be data with more repeats/Highest frequency

Example 1: Find the mode of the following marks obtained by 25 students in a mathematics
test out of 50.

34, 46, 45, 39, 43, 22, 27, 37, 46, 35, 34, 39, 40, 30, 30, 41, 37, 46, 39, 29, 34, 39, 35, 43,
30

Solution:

The ascending order of the data: 22, 27, 29, 30, 30, 30, 34, 34, 34, 35, 35, 37, 37, 39, 39,
39, 39, 40, 41, 43, 43, 45, 46, 46, 46

The most frequently occurred value is 39.(4 times) Mode-39

Example 2The mode of the given data can be obtained by making the frequency table and
choosing the highest frequency. Such as:

Observation 22 27 29 30 34 35 37 39 40 41 43 45 46

Frequency 1 1 1 3 3 2 2 4 1 1 2 1 3

Here, the highest frequency is 4.

Therefore, the mode is 39.

Grouped data-Mode
Example 2: Calculate the mode of the following frequency distribution.

Class 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90

Frequency 7 14 13 12 20 11 15 8

l = Lower limit of the modal class = 50

h = Size of the class interval (assuming all class sizes to be equal) = 10

f1 = Frequency of the modal class = 20

f0 = Frequency of the class preceding the modal class = 12

f2 = Frequency of the class succeeding the modal class = 11

= 50 + [80/ (40 – 23)]

= 50 + (80/17)

= 50 + 4.706

= 54.706

Therefore, the mode is 54.706.