Biotechnology : Principles

and Processes
Distinguish Spooling from Elution
Identify the substance used as a matrix in Gel electrophoresis
Multiple copies of gene of interest can be synthesized through
PCR. Expand PCR and write its steps
Observe the figure and answer the questions.
a) Write the name of the process given in the
figure
b) What is the purpose of this technique in
rDNA technology?
c) What is the name of thermostable DNA
polymerase enzyme used in this technique?
d) Name the bacterium from which DNA
polymerase is extracted in this proces
Match the items of column A with B: (2)[2019 imp]
A B
(a) Cloning Vector (i) Bioreactor
(b) Separation of DNA
(ii) Taq polymerase
fragments
(c) PCR (iii) Electrophoresis
(d) Converts raw materials
(iv) Hind II
into specific products
(v) pBR322

8
Biotechnology and
its Applications
Name a Bioinsecticide
Name two gens that control cotton bollworms
a) Expand ELISA.
b) What is the principle of this process?
(2)[2023 MODEL]

13
a) Write three uses of Transgenic animals.
(3)(2023 MODEL)

15
The first clinical gene therapy was given to a 4 year old girl
child.
a. What was her disorder?
b. What is the cause of this disorder?
"Healthy plants can be recovered from diseased plants by
tissue culture."
(a) Which part of the plant should be selected as explants?
(b) State the reason for the selection of this part as explant
Organisms and Populations
Fill in the blanks
Name of
Species A Species B
interaction
+ - Parasitism
- - ___
+ + ___
+ 0 ___
- 0 ___
Name the interaction in which one organism captures and
feeds on another
Name the interaction in which one species is harmed and the
other is neither benefited nor harmed.
Number of individuals present per unit area at a given time is
called _______.
Observe the relationship between the first two terms anf fill in
the blanks.
a) Mycorrhiza :- Mutualism
Lice on humans :-
b) Mortality:- No of death in the population during a
given period
_______ :- No of births in the population during a
given period
A mechanism that promote co-existence rather than
exclusion is
Observe the diagram and answer the questions.
1. Identify the growth model a & b
2. Which type of growth model is considered to be more
realistic? Why?
Different types of population interaction has been observed in
population. Write the type of interaction observed among the
following species:-

Species A Species B Type of interaction

Orchid Ophrys Bees ___a___
Ticks Dogs ___b___
Barnacles Whale ___c___
Photosynthetic
Fungus ___d___
algae
Abingdon tortoise Goats ___e___
Sea anemone Clown fish ___f___
Biotechnology : Principles
and Processes
Distinguish Spooling from Elution
Identify the substance used as a matrix in Gel electrophoresis
Multiple copies of gene of interest can be synthesized through
PCR. Expand PCR and write its steps
Observe the figure and answer the questions.
a) Write the name of the process given in the
figure
b) What is the purpose of this technique in
rDNA technology?
c) What is the name of thermostable DNA
polymerase enzyme used in this technique?
d) Name the bacterium from which DNA
polymerase is extracted in this proces
Match the items of column A with B: (2)[2019 imp]
A B
(a) Cloning Vector (i) Bioreactor
(b) Separation of DNA
(ii) Taq polymerase
fragments
(c) PCR (iii) Electrophoresis
(d) Converts raw materials
(iv) Hind II
into specific products
(v) pBR322

8
Biotechnology and
its Applications
Name a Bioinsecticide
Name two gens that control cotton bollworms
a) Expand ELISA.
b) What is the principle of this process?
(2)[2023 MODEL]

13
a) Write three uses of Transgenic animals.
(3)(2023 MODEL)

15
The first clinical gene therapy was given to a 4 year old girl
child.
a. What was her disorder?
b. What is the cause of this disorder?
"Healthy plants can be recovered from diseased plants by
tissue culture."
(a) Which part of the plant should be selected as explants?
(b) State the reason for the selection of this part as explant
Organisms and Populations
Fill in the blanks
Name of
Species A Species B
interaction
+ - Parasitism
- - ___
+ + ___
+ 0 ___
- 0 ___
Name the interaction in which one organism captures and
feeds on another
Name the interaction in which one species is harmed and the
other is neither benefited nor harmed.
Number of individuals present per unit area at a given time is
called _______.
Observe the relationship between the first two terms anf fill in
the blanks.
a) Mycorrhiza :- Mutualism
Lice on humans :-
b) Mortality:- No of death in the population during a
given period
_______ :- No of births in the population during a
given period
A mechanism that promote co-existence rather than
exclusion is
Observe the diagram and answer the questions.
1. Identify the growth model a & b
2. Which type of growth model is considered to be more
realistic? Why?
Different types of population interaction has been observed in
population. Write the type of interaction observed among the
following species:-

Species A Species B Type of interaction

Orchid Ophrys Bees ___a___
Ticks Dogs ___b___
Barnacles Whale ___c___
Photosynthetic
Fungus ___d___
algae
Abingdon tortoise Goats ___e___
Sea anemone Clown fish ___f___
1
The graph given below shows the ovarian events and ovarian
hormone levels during menstrual cycle.
(i) Name hormones 𝐴 and 𝐵.
-
(ii) Write the ovarian events during luteal phase.

-
-am >
-
P

[2][2023 March]

-
Orierationsecret
I

phan
-
i 2
 -
Write the part of fallopian tube where fertilization takes place in
human beings.
[1][2023 Model]

-
--
Amis
4 =

3
 (a) -
Define placenta
(b) Write any 2 hormones secreted from placenta.

↑-
[1][2023 Model]

·
enclosin
- -
fi endo
in
2 &N4
HCG
HPL cottra
Situ
4
P
 Observe the given figures 𝐀 and 𝐁. Answer the following questions

>
-
-
- - -

↳
endome
tricm
& coa
18
-
-
16
-

mornla
C
/
- y
>
-
Blaste
C

inner Tag ,

4 Mus
(a) Name the embryonic stages in figure 𝐴 and 𝐵.
#
(b) In figure B outerlayer is trophoblast, and inner group of cells
-

attached to trophoblast is
--

(c) Define implantation.

-
[3][2023 Model ]
5
First menstruation in a female begins at puberty and is called
_______. [1] [2022 Imp]

Menarily
I
/9 a
Menopank
-
--
-

6
Identify the figure and label the parts marked as (A), (B) and (C)
[2] [2022 Imp]

O :
Acrosome

Po
--
- - >
-

Do
E
O
·

- orun
T
TT
middle
↑

peac
- -

/
x ↳
Tail 8
-

* peraci
corona
o
↑

-
dan ,

radiata
perivitellina ,

>
-
space 7
--
called ________ .
-
Mitotic division of zygote results in the formation of blastomeres is
[1] [2022 March]
Cleage
-

O
-

8
Write the functions of the following structures in human
reproduction :
(a) Leydig cells -
(b) Corpus luteum
>
Androgen

Progestem
[2] [2022 March]

9
(b) Write its function.
--
O
(a) Name the cap-like structure present in sperm head.

[2] [2022 March]

10
“Sex of a child is determined by father.” Substantiate the
statement.
[3] [2022 March]

-
* X xY-
heterans
> male
↓

**
-

④O -

-x// -

11
Identify the two types of cells lined on the inside of seminiferous
- -
- - - - -

tubule. Distinguish their functions.

--

[2] [2021 Imp]

-

On argene
se.

⑳
Ox ·
①
#
provide nourishment

#Spermi
↳
-
to

g en
developing(pe

dis
12
 How many spermatozoa and ova are produced from 25 primary
- - - - - - -

spermatocyte and 25 primary oocyte respectively?

- -
-

[2] [2021 Imp]

① Spanatogonium
Vb
80
-

2(n)
↓N 1) (M - I
,

D 0 8O
. .

natid (n)
①0 0
.

. .
0
↓
⑧ primary Sperably t Fid = spenigin
↓)
9794
M I
-

① O Secondly Spendokte(n) 13
 argain
NG
.O
D 0D .
.

Princy safe (22)

zX M-I

11 +
·
Decomte (4)
pool &My
2nd P B
· O Num(b)
-
Distinguish between#
③
>
X
spermiogenesis and 1

d
spermiation.
[2] [2021 Imp]

·
-
L-
.
-

14
The wall of uterus has 3 layers of tissues.
--

(a) Name the three layers of uterine wall.

- -

(b) Among these three layers, which layer is glandular and undergo
cyclic changes during menstrual cycle?
[2] [2021 Imp]

Xanamei
-

&/ e n
/
15
Identify the parts of oviduct (fallopian tube) from below
fimbriae
-
description:
(a) Finger like projections of oviduct that helps in collection of the
---- - -

ovum after ovulation.

- - -

(b) The part of oviduct with a narrow lumen that joins the uterus.
--
---

(c) Funnel shaped part of oviduct that is closer to the ovary.

-

[3] [2021 Imp]

-*
a
Existen
- O
10
-
2)
O
L
L&·
.

Infandi②
b-
ulun
- 16
Match the following :
Month of Pregnancy Features of embryonic development

Eyelids are separated and eye lashes

(i) First month

*
C
are formed.
(ii) Second month First movement of foetus is observed.
Heart Sound is noticed using
(iii) Fifth month
stethescope.
Limbs and digits are developed in
(iv) Sixth month
foetus.

[2] [2021 March]

17
 'LH and FSH play significant role in spermatogenesis.'
- - - -

(a) Write the functions of LH and FSH in spermatogenesis.

-

(b) Write a single term used to denote LH and FSH together.

[3] [2021 March]

D
leydigCu

& an
⑭ -
↓ I
Perblic Fait
i
Androgen
↓
factor for 8SH S
tim(sta
spanie S/crush
18
Observe the diagrammatic view of male reproductive system given
below and name the parts labelled 'a', 'b', 'c' and ‘d’.

·
[2] [2020 Imp]

**
Meterial she e
19
 -
order of their occurrence:
-
Lactation ⟶ Formation
-
Rearrange the following human reproductive events in the correct

*
of Zygote ⟶ Insemination ⟶ Implantation

-
Fertilisation ⟶ -

-*
⟶H Gametogenesis ⟶ Gestation ⟶ Parturition
[2] [2020 Imp]

In a
20
"All copulations lead to fertilization and pregnancy". Do you agree
- ----

with this statement? Justify your answer.

-

[2] [2020 March]

si

- multaneous
-

-
(pere + 04
Run
.
-
&

trange ↳

↓
pulls
21
'LH Surge' induces the rupture of Graafian follicle.
(a) Which gland produces LH and in which day LH Surge happens?
(b) Write the role of LH in males.
[2] [2019 Imp]

22
The milk produced during the initial few days of lactation is called
_______.
↓ [1] [2019 March]

Clostrum
-
-

23
 -
The external opening of the penis is
a) Seminiferous tubules
b) Urethral meatus
c) Vasa efferentia
d) Vas deferens
[1] [2nd term 2018]

24
Choose the odd one from the following and write the common
- -
- - - --

feature of others :
-

>x
a) Estrogen
-
--

b) Androgen
--
c) Relaxin- way -

d) Progesterone-
-> (MAY 2015)

25
Observe the diagram, and answer the questions:
a) Identify A and B.
b) What is the function of C ?
c) In which of the marked part reduction division takes place?
What is the significance of it?
(MARCH 2013)

=>
spermatozos
-
-

> seconden spener

-

Primar spe
- - sertolicall
·
>
- s
gonium
.

26
Observe the diagram provided (Do not copy the picture)

a) Label A and B
b) On which day of menstrual cycle Graafian follicle rupture.
c) Name the process induces the rupture of Graafian follicle.
d) Write the name and function of the structure forming inside the
ovary after the rupture of Graafian follicle.
(MARCH 2012)

27
 (A) What are STIs?

si
(B) Give two examples.
(C) Write any two preventive measures of STIs.
-

I [3][2023 March]

It
3
akti
genital Herpes

28
Select the completely curable sexually transmitted infections (STIs)

O
from the following:

.
Genital herpes
Syphilis
Chlamydiosis
Hepatitis – B
[1][2023 Model]

29
Diagrammatic view of male reproductive system is given below :
(a) Identify the parts labelled as (A), (B), (C) and (D) and name the
part which is cut or tied up during male sterilisation.
(b) Mention the surgical contraceptive methods in male and female

[5] [2022 Imp]

30
Expand the following terms :
(a) MMR -
>

(b) IMR - [1] [2021 Imp]

31
Mention two programmes implemented in India to attain total
- -

reproductive health.
-
[2] [2021 Imp]

a
-

Family planning programme

programm
-
-

32
 Explain different types of Intra Uterine Devices with their example.
-- -
-

[3] [2021 Imp]

-c1-1
O Pelny
cast releasing Hormone
Non-medicated IUD
IND

Lippes lo d CuT
(7
pregeitasert
LNU-20

supress Multilad 371

space
-
-

mobi
-
- l i n g 33
(a) Expand ART. - Assisted Reprocate
>

(b) Suggest the ART which may be successful in the following

condition : > A
-
(i) Inability of the male partner to inseminate the female.
- - - -

(ii) Female cannot produce ovum but can provide suitable

environment for fertilisation and further development.
[2] [2020 Imp]
G/FT
-
-

34
Observe the diagrams A and B given below related to contraceptive
methods

vale Sterilisation
Tubecta -
-

⑭
-

Irreiens
-

(a) Identify A and B.

(b) Explain this surgical method.
(c) Why this method is generally advised as a terminal method of
--

contraception?
-

[2] [2020 Imp] 35

Name the technique of transferring embryos upto 8 blastomeres
into the fallopian tube.
(a) GIFT ->

(b) ZIFT -

·
(c) ICSI -
----

(d) IUI
->
③
---
-

↳ [1] [2020 March]

Al
I

36
Amniocentesis for sex determination is legally banned now.
-- -

(a) What is amniocentesis?

-
--

(b) Why it is banned?- bo prevent female belcide

-

genetic dissident[2] [2020 March]

detection

3
&
-

Sex
--
-

Amniotic fluid
-
C
O --
--

37
 There are several method of in- vitro fertilisation to assist couples
who lack the ability of fertilisation.
(a) Give the popular name of the programme.
-

(b) Suggest two techniques of in vitro fertilisation and their

conditions of transfer to assist these people.
34 - [3] [2019 Imp]
8 blastomer
>
-
Upto

T Teittube
baby program >
-
fallopia T
.

Ex
↳ >& B .
-

M
2 Ift
-
-

I
IUT
-
--
38
 A wide range of contraceptive methods are presently available. If
- - - - -

so,
(a) Name one contraceptive method having least side effect.
O

f
(b) Which contraceptive method is generally advised for females as
- - - -

a-termination method to prevent any more pregnancies?

(c) List out any two possibleO
ill-effects of the usage of contraceptive
--

methods.

T
&

①Nausea [2] [2019 March]

② Abdominalpain
Concer
=>
⑬ Breakthrough bled
39
 Different contraceptive methods are given below. Pick out the odd
one.
-
(a) CuT
(b) Saheli -

i (c) Multiload 375

(d) Lippes loop -
[1] [2018 March]
pill
Coral
Contracep
#Non-standal has
, ill >

-
-
40
 Different contraceptive methods are used to control population
explosion. Summarize the natural method and barrier method of
---
- -

contraception. [2] [2018 March]

-
/
- -

Ban
Natu

&Premi
-

G manti Condom-
upk
--
-
- L

O
- # LAM
Cerrial
Cap
# Periodic Abstinance

10-17
# Withdrawal metho
& Vaul e
41
Fertile period)
 --
Which of the following pairs of STDs is completely curable?

/
1) HIV, Hepatitis-B
2) Hepatitis-B, Gonorrhoea
3) Syphilis, Gonorrhoea
4) Chlamydomonas, genital-herpes
(1) (MARCH-2017)

42
Diagnostic report of two couples having infertility problems are
given below
1) The woman cannot produce ovum.

⑭
2) The man has very low sperm count in semen. Suggest a suitable
Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) for each problem in
expanded form
(2) (MAY-2016)

43
Foetal sex can be determined by a test based on the chromosomal
pattern from the amniotic fluid.
a) What is this test?
b) Revealing of sex determination through this test is banned. Is
this ban necessary? Comment.
c-
c) Invitro fertilization followed by embryo transfer is known as
---

_____.
-
(2) (MARCH-2015)

* O
4/21fT
Or
IVf

-o
- 19.

IUT 44
 -
O-
-

One of your neighbour is suffering from itching, fluid discharge,

· - =
slight pain and swelling in genital region. ↳
↳
L
/ a) What do you think the disease he is suffering from?
<
--

-
b) What measures are to be taken to prevent such diseases?
- -

(2) (MARCH-2014)
STE

45
 One couple came to know that they have a girl child during fourth
month of pregnancy, and they decide to do MTP.
a) What is MTP ? 1st trine
&
d
b) At which stage of pregnancy MTP relatively safe?
-

c) How will you respond to the decision of female foeticide by the

-

couple?
- - -

(2) (MAY-2012)
Medical termination of
promary
[Induced abortio
46
TH Morgan carried out several dihybrid crosses in Drosophila.
Mention two reasons for selecting Drosophila as an experimental
organism? [2]
[2022 Imp]
① shot life cycle

① single mating >

-
large Not prs-
& to grow in las r
easy

47
 Characters of certain genetic disorders are given below. Identify
the given disorders.
-
a) Sex linked recessive disorder that affect the clotting of blood

↓
-

b)The disorder caused by the substitution of Glutamic acid by

-- --

Valine at the sixth position of beta globin chain of Haemoglobin

--

↳ u
- -

c)The inborn error metabolism and affected individual lacks an

enzyme that converts Phenyl alanine to Tyrosine. [3]
[2022 Imp]
Hasmy
shill

#enylketonan
phony/claine Phenylalaine Tyrosine
-

oxyla
48
 o
(a) Distinguish between male heterogamety and female

Face
heterogamety.
(b) Write one example for each. [2]
[2022 March]
procee deff
game
②
* xy
z2
make
zw

female X X xY
OXX
--
-
XG

↓ ↓ ①
↓ -
OG
, Y
①
⑪
49
“Sex of a child is determined by father.” Substantiate the
statement. [3]
[2022 March]

50
51
 -
Consider the two statements regarding the haemophilia disorder
-
(i) It is an autosome linked dominant disease.
-

(ii) The heterozygous female (carrier) for haemophilia may transmit

- -

the disease to son.

--

Select the wrong statement and correct it. [2]

[2021 Imp]

XHXh = com
-

52
 O
Presence of an additional copy of chromosome 21 was observed in
a person during diagnosis.
(a) Identify the genetic disorder
c (b) Write the characteristic features of this disorder
-
[2]

Born &
I [2021 March]

mental
-Eth reford
Congenital
-
heart Du
3

53
If a father is with ‘O’ blood group and mother is with ‘B’ blood
-
- -

group, write the possible blood groups of their children.

-
--
[2]
[2021 March]

i [13,

↓ ↓,

Di ⑰B D
-/
L
B -

54
 Micrograph of Red blood cells of two persons (A) and (B) are
shown below. Person B is affected with a specific genetic disorder.
(i) Identify the genetic disorder.

-
>
(ii) Write reason for this disorder. [2]
[2021 March]

&
>
- S [A
-
-

O
Oval-iis-T-Mr-D--Uke--- .

E 55
 ‘Incomplete Dominance’ is an example for deviation from
Mendelian Inheritance. Illustrate with example. [3]
[2021 March]
in
Flower blour
shapdragon Rwx
Ru

x + B ahle ↓ ↓
TB Red ⑫ -
-
⑭ z
ru
RR

d
↓
V ↳
--
/
En
-
Re
-
RR Tin Thn

C pick
,
f
Reg
56
 F2
Phenotypic
A monohybrid cross is given below:
------
= 3 :
Tall Due

Do Se :
gen =
/:
2 :
/

Find the F phenotype and genotype ratio. [2]

--
[2021 March]

57
Complete the table using appropriate terms: [2]
44A + xxy
[2020 Imp]
Klinefelter's Tall stanle mala
(a) Sterile Male --
-

syndrome gynaecomastia
--
-

Turner's shot stee female

(b) 44 A + XO (c)
syndrom Rudimentary May
- -

secon sexual
(d) O
Trisomy 21
Mental
retardation
han

58
 Observe the cross of a pure violet and white flower.

We X Wa

⑭ "
· v
V
(a) By using the 𝐹 progeny design a test cross.
-

-xoo
(b) Mention
-
- the significance
> of test cross. [2]

Whe
[2019 Imp]
Ye 59
Select a chromosomal disorder from the following:
a) Colour Blindness
b) Haemophilia
c) Down's Syndrome
d) Thalassemia [1]
[2nd term 2019]

60
"The sex of the baby is determined by the father and not by the
mother." Do you agree with this statement ? Substantiate your
answer. [2]
[2019 March]

61
Find the odd one out. Justify your answer.
Down's syndrome, Turner's syndrome, Phenylketonuria,
Klinefelter's syndrome [2]
[2019 March]

62
Following diagram shows amino acid sequences of a part of 𝛽
chain of Haemoglobin of two individuals. Observe the amino acid
sequence and answer the following questions:

(a) Which among the above indicates sickle cell anaemic condition?
(b) Justify your answer.
(c) Describe what is single base substitution.
[2] [2018 Imp] 63
 ' O '. His father is >
The blood group of a child isO --
with 'A' blood group
and mother with - B' blood group. Write down the genotype of the
child and genotypes of parents.
[2] [2018 Imp]
A

O
-

IB, B
↳i

64
 ABO blood grouping in human beings is an example of
- ---

- a) Incomplete Dominance

---
b) Co-dominance
>
-
c) Linkage
[1] [2nd term 2018]
Multiple allelism
--
--

65
 A cross is made between tall pea plant with yellow seeds (TtYy)
- -
- - -

and tall pea plant with green seed (Ttyy).

a) Using a Punnett square, workout the proportions of the

Go t
following phenotype in the offspring.
b) Tall and green.
c) Dwarf and green
[2] [2nd term 2018]
T
6 yy x
Try y
↓

⑰ OTyDY D Sby
66
 a
Heamophilia, Sickle cell anemia and Phenyl Ketonurea are
Mendelian disorders.
(a) What do you mean by Mendelian disorder?

.-
--
(b) Which one of the above is an example of inborn error of
metabolism? Mention the cause of the disorder:

itation
of
[3]
[2018 March]
Due to hicl
i a
ge

67
Observe the following diagram and answer the questions: (Hint:
Steps in making a cross in pea plant)

.
I To
°
-
a)Name the process marked as A and write its significance.

O
b) Diagrammatically represent a monohybrid cross between Tall

a
and dwarf pea plants, [MAY 2017]

68
The following table shows the F2 generation of a dihybrid cross,
identify the ‘Phenotype’ with homozygous recessive genotype.
Find out A : B : C : D.

1907
·

· 24
Grinkledgree
Wankey
Jack
(MARCH-2017)

69
Observe the figures and answer the questions
>
- 46A + xx =
67
C -
44A +x0
45
=

--
-
-
-

O
a) Identify the syndromes A and B.
b) What is the chromosome numbers in A and B?
(MARCH-2016)

70
Diagrammatic representation of the pedigree analysis of the
inheritance of sickle cell anaemia is shown below:
HBAth' HBAHbA
HbH Hb>

↑ Hb
A
HbA Hb)

#b 'Hb)
a) Name the type of inheritance shown in the figure.-
b) Write the genotype of A and B.
(Hint: Disease is controlled by a pair of alleles HbA & Hbs)
Represent pedigree analysis of an X-linked recessive inheritance
diagrammatically.
(MAY-2015)
71
 Datama
a) Identify the syndrome from the diagram, and write the
genotype.
b) It occurs in both sexes (male and female)? Write the reason.
(MARCH-2015)

72
In the given pedigree the shaded figures denote individuals
expressing a specific trait

- >
- Reces Sive
-
-

-
Which of the following is the most probable mode of inheritance of
this trait.
(MARCH-2013)

73
 Diagrammatic representation of chromosome map of Drosophila is
given below:
Y – Yellow
W – White
M – Miniature
O
a) Which genes are more linked?
b) Who mapped the chromosome firstly? -
I c) Tightly linked genes show low recombination. Why?
(MARCH-2012)
Alfred starterent
I

74
The first child of a couple is affected with phenylketonuria. During
the second pregnancy they visited a genetic counsellor, and he
prepared a pedigree chart of their family.
a) What is pedigree analysis? -
b) Draw the symbols for
i) Affected female.
ii) Sex unspecified.-
iii) Consanguineous mating.

# D = (MARCH-2012)

75
A couple have two daughters. The blood group of husband and
wife is ‘O’
a) What is the possible blood groups of the children should have?
b) Whether any change in blood group will occur if they have two
- - -
- - -

sons instead of daughters.

- -

Substantiate your answer.

ii x ii (MARCH-2011)

f
g

76
 The frequency of occurrence of Royal disease or haemophilia is
high in the pedigree of royal families of Queen Victoria. Which of
the following cannot be generally inferred from this?
a) Queen Victoria was not homozygous for the disease.
- - - - -

↳ b) Many heterozygous females were there in the Royal families.

c) Non-Royal families were not - /
---

affected with haemophilia.

X d) There is less possibility to become> a female diseased.
I e) Generally, a diseased female cannot survive after the first
- -
--

↓ menstruation.X
camer f) Pedigree analysis is the study of inheritance patterns of traits in
= human females.
(MARCH-2011)

77
Write the Central dogma in Molecular biology. [1]
[2023 March]

o
- -
DNA ->
- RNA >
- Protein

Grancis nick
->
-
-

78
Schematic representation of a transcription unit is given:
-RNA ~<
-

-
-
T -III
↓
(i)
coding
Fill up the missing parts A and B. stra
(ii) Write the role of template strand in transcription. [2]
---

[2023 March]

79
 Explain the transformation experiments performed by Frederick
Griffith with bacteria Streptococcus Pneumoniae.
[3]
R-strain O
[2023 March]

-P coat

.
s
S-strain
.

R- >

killed)
>
-

>
-
mile-
>

mice

mice
->

>
-
Dead
live

Live
(
killedit &LK-
> mice-
>
D
Died 80
Expand:
(a) UTR >
-
untrailated region
(b) VNTR - Hepat
[1]
>
variable Nun of Tambou
[2023 Model]
-

- mRNA
-
- "I
1 /

AUU
Sta cal

↓
-
arrass
81
 Match the following: Hagebied Khorana- III

Marshall ninenberg-
↳,
9 -
/

E
jacos Simplef)
-
& Sa
*
/ [4]
meseland stahl [2023 Model]

- #
Severochoa
polynucleotida enzyme-
phosphory kam
82
 Describe the different stages or steps in the process of
transcription. [3]
DNA dependent
RNA
polymace
[2022 Imp]
Q initiation fall

Delegation ...
" P
③ Termination sigme
#a
e
-
-
e

83
 Name the enzyme that joins the DNA fragments in dis-continuous
strand during replication. [1]
[2022 March]
semiconserat 5 3

will
·
--

-
# Helicase
fork
-
Replication
-
↓
#DNA
m
-
-
Dependent
Okazaki DNA
polyme

/ &
Grasmen)
leading I
.
Street ↳ Lagging strau #Ligase
b

-3 ( ↳ ..

84
(a) Expand the term DNA. Who proposed double helical model of
DNA ?
-
-
(b) List out the nitrogen bases in DNA. [3]
Lud E [2022 March]
--
- purines
-
Pyriniche
A T
4
C

85
Under microscope, chromatin is seen as ‘beads-on-string’ like
- --

structure. Here, ‘beads’ represent the structures called _____. [1]

- -
--
[2021 March]

3
.

·-
>
Nucleosomal histore Oktamer
-

·
③

86
In eukaryotes, gene expression can be regulated at several levels.
Write different levels at which gene expression can be regulated.
[2]
#Transcription [2021 March]

⑬
#
processing
#
Transport

Sxs X
-
# Translation-

S
87
Fill in the blanks:
YAC : Yeast Artificial Chromosome
BAC : ______
[1]
[2021 Imp]

88
 gene
• inhibitor
>
-
la
>
-
operator

Repressor
protein
Transacty
>
-

lactose)
Beta
↑
Perma kn
galactos
allolactos
s

89
Observe the diagram below. methione

E
RNA

L
I
-
-

anticodon
-

11 I
- UA L
-
-
- im 7
(a) Identify the type of RNA molecule. -

-
(b) Write the base sequences complementary to anticodon loop.
-
[2]
AGU [2021 Imp]
--
-

90
 ②
One of the salient features of genetic code is "Universal",

/
(a) Write any other two salient features of Genetic code.
-- - -

(b) Which is the initiator codon? And name the amino acid it codes.
--
-
[2]

exce ·
A [2020 March]

Methione

e 64- 3 an
Step can

91
Observe the figure given below:
(a) Identify the process in the picture.

O
(b) Name any two enzymes needed for this process.
(c) Write the peculiarities of the newly synthesized daughter
strands.
[3]
[2020 March]

92
 •

-
- - - -

--

-s P
-
,

-
-H1166
- - -

↳ >
- P

93
 In a double stranded DNA, the ratios between Adenine and
-

Thymine, Guanine and Cytosine are constant and equal one. Who
observed this fact?
[1]

# = - [2019 Imp]

Pragas

MartinGi
batsy
-
- -
e

94
Observe the diagram of a double stranded DNA strand:

- Phosphoester bod Noglycosidiz

⑲ -

7]
O w >
-
borf

Hydrogen
°
-
-

bouf

=> bodiester
be
Identify the bonds A, B, C & D. [2]
[2019 Imp]
95
 The following diagram shows a process in the Ribosome:
of GRVE
charging -
Transkeho

①initiation s
- 3)
5 - III
o
''I
-
- top
All
8-0-8-0-
Delig -
action

③ Termints
Identify the process and explain.

⑭
>
- - [2]
[2019 Imp]
96
 Dre

~
Observe the figure given below

Hi
-
octamen
>
-
-
-
⑳ loodl

~ -Packed
-

Tra,
(a) Identify the figure. #
DenselyPackey
teterochn regin in
(b) How many histone molecules are present in the Histone core ?
(c) Distinguish Euchromatin and Heterochromatin.
[2] [2019 March]
97
The diagrammatic representation of the DNA fingerprint from a
crime scene and that of a suspected persons are given below :

008
(a) What is your conclusion about the suspects based on DNA
Fingerprint given?
(b) What is VNTR?
(c) Who developed this technique first? [3]
[2019 March] 98
The diagrammatic representation of a process in bacteria is given
below
~

&

(a) Identify the process.

(b) Name the enzyme involved in this process.
(c) Explain the three major steps in this process. [3]
[2019 March]
99
RNA digesting enzyme among the following is
a) DNase
-
b) Protease
c) Ligase Nace
&Nass
d) RNase
[1] [2nd term 2019]

10
0
10
1
Gene expressions are restricted in various levels in eukaryotes.
Explain the level in which it occurs.
[2] [2nd term 2019]

10
2
 "Among nucleic acids DNA is a better genetic material". List out the
-- --

disadvantages of RNA compared to DNA.

[2] [2nd term 2019]
Ribose i ↓ L'OH in Ribose

41 , I L
·
di reactivagry
-

3 2

Dengy
>
-
Ribs

①RNA Catalyst
iii, -
-

& 10
3
I
Write down any four salient features of genetic code.
[2] [2nd term 2019]

10
4
a) Name the scientist who develops DNA Finger Printing.
b) List the steps involves in DNA Finger Printing.(3)
- - -
-

[3] [2nd term 2019]

D isslation of- DNA

of
①
Digestion
DNA
Using 1. E
.

separation of ... Us om

from to Nitrocellulose
& transferd-separated
Nylon short
④ Hybridisation Usy UNTR
proble
Detection un
,
auto value 10
5
•

ele that
-

>
-
single nucleotide
↓ polymorphins

10
6
 O
"Human genome project is a mega project" Give two reasons to

O
explain this.
[2]
①
Byr project [2018 Imp]

&
9 billion Us
Obli

10
7
"Genetic code is universal in nature".
(a) Substantiate this statement.
(b) Mention any two other salient features of genetic code. [2]
[2018 Imp]

10
8
•

10
9
Identify the disadvantages of RNA over DNA as a genetic material
and explain it.
[2]
[2018 March]

11
0
The following figure represent central dogma.
a) Who proposed central dogma ?
b) What does it state ?
[2] [2nd term 2018]

11
1
The figure shows the process of transcription in Eukaryotes.
introm
a) Explain the terms
---burva ↑ #
=
-
i) Capping exons ·
5/
-

↓& AAAA
ii) Exon - 3/ A
iii) Intron A
guanosine to
-
iv) RNA splicing. phosphate
b) Differentiate heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA) and mRNA.
[3] [2nd term 2018]
-

208-308

⑰
-
11
2
Observe the diagram
a) Name the scientists who conducted this experiment.
--

b) Explain the semi conservative method of DNA Replication with

w
the help of this experiment.
-

[3] [2nd term 2017]

u
m - >
-

11
3
Mention the role ofT
histone and non histone proteins in the
packaging of chromatin? y
- --

E
--

[3] [2nd term 2017]

O
I NHC
-
-

11
4
Find the odd one and write the common feature of others.
Cytidine, Adenine, Thymine, Guanine. (1)
(MAY-2017)

11
5
Examine the diagram of mRNA given below. Mark the ‘5’ and ‘3’
ends of the mRNA by giving reasons
B
A
O (2) (MARCH-2017)

11
6
Which of the following combinations do not apply to DNA?
a) Deoxyribose, Guanine
b) Ribose, Adenine
c) Deoxyribose, Uracil
d) Guanine, Thymine
1) (a) and (b)
2) (b) and (c)
3) (c) and (d)
4) (a) and (d)
(1) (MARCH-2017)

11
7
Schematic representation of DNA fingerprints are shown below:

[Hints : C is a sample taken from a crime scene, A and B from two

suspected individuals]
a) Which one of the suspected individual may involved in the
crime?
b) Write any other use of DNA fingerprinting. (2)
(MARCH-2016) 11
8
Read carefully the sequence of codons in the mRNA unit and
answer the questions.

a) What change in needed in the first codon to start the translation

process?
b) If translation starts by that change, till which codon it can
continuous? Why? (2)
(MARCH-2016)

11
9
Explain transcription. A transcription unit in DNA is defined
primarily by three regions. Write the names of any two regions.
(2) (MARCH-2015)

12
0
-
--

O
a) Paternity or maternity can be determined by certain scientific
methods. What is it? Define.
-

b) Briefly write the methodology involved in the technique.

c) Comment on its other applications.
(3) (MAY-2014)
Parental Dispute
Cha im

12
1
a) Define mutation.
b) What are the different types of mutation? (2)
(MAY-2014)

12
2
Diagram of components of DNA are given below: Identify and
differentiate the two diagrams I and II.

(MAY-2014)

12
3
“Prediction of the sequence of amino acids from the nucleotide
sequence in mRNA is very easy, but the exact prediction of the
nucleotide sequence in m RNA from the sequence of amino aids
coded by mRNA is difficult”.
a) Which properties of the genetic code is the reason for the above
condition? Explain.
b) Which are the stop codons in DNA replication? (3)
(MARCH-2014)

12
4
O
Draw a flow chart showing the steps of southern blot hybridization
using radio labelled VNTR.
(MAY-2013)

12
5
The flow of genetic information is shown below.

Name the processes a, b, c

(2) (MARCH-2013)

12
6
Observe the diagram below:

Which among the following is the complimentary sequence of the

DNA fragment shown above?
a) 5ʹ -> ATTCG -> 3ʹ
b) 3ʹ -> ATTCG -> 5ʹ
c) 3ʹ -> TAAGC -> 5ʹ
d) 3ʹ -> CGAAT -> 5ʹ
(MAY-2010)
12
7
(A) Define Analogous organs.
(B) Identify analogous organs from the given examples:
(i) Eyes of octopus and mammals ~
(ii) Vertebrate heartsX
-
(iii) Wings of butterfly and bird
(iv) Forelimbs of Cheetah and HumanX [2]
↓ [2023 March]

convergentertech

O
Common
>
-
habitat C
--

12
↑ 8
D same anatomical structur
diff fu
I

↓ an

Divergent

O
-
-
Common
ancesto ->
-
-

↓
 --

Using the given terms in brackets

complete the evolutionary stages of

Tritraespite
man.
(Homo habilis, Ramapithecus,
Homo erectus, Neanderthal man)

sinos-
-
-

↳ or
-
[2]
- o [2023 March]
12
Homo sapien
--
- 9
Mention any two theories that explain origin of life. [2]
[2022 Imp]
D Parsparmia

② spontaneogenation E
Disprowl
⑬ special
NH3/
Creation CHK Hoy
2)
z
H Louis

·
S>

④ chemical
entert the
>
- >
-
astrer
-

garine & hasdame

excemet
-
$
m 13
SL .

Miller 0
Choose the correct terms from the bracket to fill in the blanks and
complete the table :
(Big bang theory, Miller's experiment, Lamarkism, Darwinism)

>d
--
(A) (B)
(i) Natural selection (a)
Chemical
(ii) (b)
evolution
(iii) Origin of Universe (c)
Use and Disuse of
(iv) (d)
organs [2] [2022 March]

13
1
 (a) Define Hardy-Weinberg principle. ->

(b) Mention any four factors that affect Hardy-Weinberg

- -

equilibrium.
--
y
Gi have
migration
-
[3]
P+ q =
1 ↓ [2021 Imp]

p 2P9 9 = ①Genetic driff

+ +
=
/
↳
③ genetic relatin

by
E Mutahar
-
Di N-selection
13
2
 - organs.
Select an example for homologous
x
(a) Eyes of octopus and mammals
(b) --
Forelimbs of Whales and Bats
(c) Flippers of Penguins and Dolphins
xX
(d) Wings of Birds and Butterflies [1]
[2021 March]

13
3
Evolution of Darwin finches is an example for 'Adaptive radiation'.
(a) What is meant by 'Adaptive radiation'?

t
(b) Give two other example for organisms those exhibit Adaptive
radiation.
[2] [2021 March]

& -
-
I 13
4
Which among the following is an example for homology?
(a) The eye of the Octopus and of Mammals
(b) Sweet potato and potato
(c) Thorns and tendrils of Bougainvillea and Cucurbita
-----

(d) Wings of butterfly and of birds

[1]

· &m
/
[2020 Imp]

&m
/ 13
5
Diagrammatic representation of the operation of natural selection
on different traits is shown below:
(i) Identify 'a', 'b' and 'c',
(ii) What is the evolutionary significance of 𝑏 ' ? [2]
[2020 Imp]
>
-
stabilizinga.s

>
- Direction
N j -

>
- 13 is ruptive 13
Nach
6
Which of the following human ancestor is more 'ape' like?
(a) Homo habilis
(b) Dryopithecus I
(c) Australo pithecines
(d) Homo erectus [1]
[2020 March]
Day
Ram

13
7
Fill the blanks in Column A and B using appropriate terms.
Theory Scientists

O
Theory of natural 𝑨
(a)
selection
Use and disuse of 𝑩
(b)
organs

(c)
OTheory of
mutation
Theory of
>
- 𝑪
Huego deve
(d) spontaneous 𝑫
v generation
[2] [2020 March]
13
8
 Based on evolution in the geological period arrange the plants and
animals in the correct order in various million years ago. Choose
(Celacanta)
the appropriate organisms from the bracket.

·
[Reptiles, Plants, Sea-weeds, Jawless fish, Fish with stout fin]
-C
-
(a) 500 mya : _______
L (b) 350 mya : _______
invertebr (d) 200 mya : _______
(c) 320 mya - : _______ Lee healt
[2]
atei
↳ [2019 Imp]
ichthysaws
-
°

13
9
Make a flow chart using the following terms:
[Natural selection, Struggle for existence, Variation, Origin of
species, Over production, Survival of the fittest]
[2]
#
over
production [2019 Imp]
↓

-
fr
#
struggle existance

Eatin
↓ x
↑
↓
T of
al Sittait
- Natural
14
0
Some examples of evolutionary structures are given below. Classify
them under suitable headings :
(a) Forelimb of Man, Cheetah, Whale, Bat.
(b) Wings of Butterfly, Bird.
(c) Thorns and tendrils of Bougainvillea and Cucurbita.
(d) Vertebrate hearts or brains.
(e) Eye of the Octopus and Mammals.
(f) Flippers of Penguins and Dolphins. [2]
[2019 March]

14
1
Homologus organs are result of divergent evolution and analogus
organs are convergent evolution. Explain divergent and convergent
evolution with one example each.
[2] [2nd term 2019]

14
2
"Placental mammals is an example of adaptive radiation". Explain
--
adaptive radiation based on this statement
- - - -

[2] [2nd term 2019]

D Darmi freh

② Australian macpia

E Am placable --

14
3
Match the following : [2] [2nd term 2018]

14
4
Find the relation between the first word pair and fill in the blanks.
(a)=
- >
Galapagos Island : Charles Darwin
=Malay archepelago: ……………. Wallace
-
(b) Amoebic dysentry : Entamoeba -

Malaria : …………..
[1] [2nd term 2017]

14
5
Match the following
A B
Natural selection Genetic drift
Lamarck Convergent evolution
Gene flow by chance Charles Darwin
Inheritance of acquired
Analogus structures
characters

[2] [2nd term 2017]

14
6
The main concepts of theory of Natural selection are given Arrange
them in the form of a flow chart.
Struggle for existence, Variations, Over production,
Survival of the fittest, Speciation

[2] [2nd term 2017]

14
7
The population of white and dark coloured peppered moths in
England in certain years are given. Analyse the bar diagram on the
basis of natural selection and prepare a note on it.
[3] [2nd term 2017]

14
8
Diagrammatic representation of the operation of Natural Selection on
different traits is given. Observe it and answer the questions:

a) What do B and C represent?

b) Explain the process shown in B and C.
(3) (MAY 2017)

14
9
Which of the following sets of gases were used in Miller’s
experiment?
1) CH4,NO2,H2O,CO2
2) NH3,CH3,H2O,H2
3) NH3,CH3,H2O,H2
4) H2O,N,CH4,H2
(1) (MARCH 2017)

15
0
Statement below show the features of some human fossils. Read
carefully and identify the fossil.
a) Human like beings with brains capacities between 650 – 800 cc
b) Lived in East and Central Asia with brain capacity of 1400 cc.
(2) (MAY 2016)

15
1
Which theory talks about the huge explosion that leads to origin of
universe?
(1) (MARCH 2016)

15
2
Observe the diagrammatic representation and answer the
questions:

a) Explain the phenomenon shown in the figure.

b) How can it be considered as an evidence of evolution?
c) Write any other example for this phenomenon. Explain.
(4) (MAY 2015) 15
3
Match the following:

a) Natural selection 1) Convergent evolution

b) Inheritance of acquired 2) Genetic drift characters

c) Analogous structures 3) Charles Darwin

d) Gene flow by chance 4) Lamarkism

(2) (MARCH 2015)

15
4
Theory of chemical evolution is a version of theory of abiogenesis.
Analyze the statement.
(2) (MARCH 2013)

15
5
 Note the relationship between the first pair and complete the
second pair.

O
a) Natural selection : Drawing ;
Lamarks
- Inheritance of acquired characters : ________.
b) Heart of vertebrates: homologous organs;
Flippers of Penguin and Dolphin : _______.
(1) (MARCH 2012)

15
6
Arrange the following in a hierarchical manner based on the period

&
of their evolution.
Homoerectus, Ramapithicus, Australopithicines, Homo sapiens,
Neanderthal man.
(1) (MARCH 2010)

15
7
Pick out the correct pair of disease and its pathogen :
(A) Filaria - Rhino virus
(B) Typhoid-Streptococcus
(C) Malaria - Plasmodium -
(D) Ascariasis – Entamoeba
[1][March 2023]

15
8
Differentiate between Active immunity and Passive immunity.
-- - -

[2][March 2023]
i ↓
9:
IgA in

indee
ant
↳

15
9
 Write some important measures that would be useful for the
prevention and control of alcohol and drug abuse among
adolescents. (Write relevant four points)
[2][March 2023]
David undere
prec
&
④seek keep for pauls
⑮ech
lon for age hi

⑬ sear
profe 16
0
16
1
 Carcinogeni
(a) Cancer causing agents are called_____
(b) Differentiate between benign tumour and malignant tumour.
---

L d
(c) Write any two methods to detect cancer of the internal organs.
[3][Model 2023]

No invasion to
fishe O
+
sunou
No metastasis *

16
2
Mention any four measures useful for prevention and control of
-

alcohol and drug abuse. [2]

[2022 July]

16
3
Match the column (A) with column (B)

L
--
& /
L
[2]
[2022 July]

16
4
Write any four ill-effects of Drug/Alcohol abuse. [2]

T I
[2021 March]

Live Cirrhosis

16
5
 Innate immunity is characterised by providing different types of
barriers. Name the four types of barriers of innate immunity. [2]
-

[2021 August]
8 Physical Barreri-skin , mucous cany

①
Prisidogical bar-Saliva tear , ,
a
citomas
⑬Celmlarbam - Neutrophil [PMNL)
mana
4t macmphge
,
④Cytokine barrier , N K

-
.

Can
interferon
-

O
-
S
\
CE -
-

16
[ 6
World Health Organisation has started a number of programmes to
prevent the spreading of HIV Infection. Mention any four
preventive measures against HIV infection.
-
[2]
[2021 August]

16
7
Which is the causative organism of malaria disease? Name the two
-
hosts required for the malarial parasite to complete its life cycle.
- --

[2]
[2021 Imp]
- a

Emmys (Anophele i

16
8
 Observe the list of certain common diseases in human given below
pro
-
O
and answer the following:
>
- -
-
o - -
D
-
-

Common cold, Malaria, Amoebiasis, Typhoid, Filariasis

↳ (a) Identify the bacterial disease among the enlisted. -
---

helmint
(b) Name its causative organism.
(c) Mention any two symptoms of it.
-
-
-
[2]
[2020 Imp]

16
9
Name any two protozoan diseases, its causative organism and any
-

two symptoms. [2]

--
[2020 March]

17
0
Complete the illustration chart given below.

Opioid
T Dopamine
in bra

# [2]
Cannabis [2020 March]
papane is
monit
sativs
-

17
1
'Don't die of ignorance.'-
>

(a) About which it is mentioned?

(b) List two measures taken by WHO to prevent it.
- [2]
[2019 Imp]

17
2
 -
Name two drugs used against allergy. [2]
[2nd term 2019]

u
Advenala

ster

17
3
Observe the figure and answer the following questions :

Antibody
>
-

innab Es m

@&
·T
(a) Identify the given molecule.
Elm fa

(b) Mention two types of immune responses in human body. [2]

-

[2019 Imp]
17
4
Complete the table : [2]
[2nd term 2019]

17
5
Write the effect of the following drugs in human body:
(a) Ophiods
(b) Cannabinoids
(c) Coca alkaloids [3]
[2019 Imp]

17
6
List of some diseases commonly occurring in man are given below.
Arrange them based on causative organism in the table.
Malaria, Common cold, Filariasis, Typhoid, Ascariasis,
Ringworms, Amoebiasis, Pneumonia

Bacteria Fungus Virus Protozoan

[2]
[2019 March]

17
7
Typhoid is a disease caused by bacteria.
a) What are the symptoms of this disease?
b) Name the pathogen and the confirmatory test. [2]
[2nd term 2018]

17
8
Complete the table given below:
Column - I Column - II Column - III

Typhoid Stomach pain

X
A Intestinal perforation
B Rhinovirus Sore throat
hoarseness
Malignant Malaria C Chill high fever

D Wuchereria Chronic inflammation

of lymph gland
[2]
[2018 March]
17
9
Consumption of drug and alcohol affects the persons mental and
physical health very badly. List the warning signs of alcohol or drug
abuse.
[2]
[2018 March]

18
0
Name the glycoproteins produced by cells against viral infections.

T- [1] [2nd term 2017]

18
1
All human beings in our society want to stay healthy. Mention any
four methods to be adopted to maintain good health.
-

[2] [2nd term 2017]

18
2
Differentiate Active immunity from Passive immunity. Give an
example for Passive immunity. [2]
[MARCH 2017]

18
3
Morphine is said to be an abused drug. Discriminate the terms
‘use’ and ‘abuse’ of drugs based on this example. [2]
[MARCH 2017]

18
4
Feeding _______ in the first few days is essential for preventing
infections in a newly born baby. [1]
[MARCH 2017]

18
5
Complete the table by filling a, b, c and d

[MAY 2016]

18
6
Select the odd one out and justify your selection.
Malaria, Gonorrhea, Amoebiasis, Filariasis [1]
[MAY 2016]

18
7
Answer the questions about the given figure:

a) Identify the parts X and Y.

b) Name any two types of this molecule. [2]
[MAY 2016]

18
8
“Blood of a man is tested positive for cannabinoid.”
a) What are these?
b) From where these are extracted naturally?
c) Which part of the body is affected by these? [3]
[MARCH 2016]

18
9
Identify the disease shown in the following figure and write the
causative organism of the disease.
--

W
bancroft
.

O
w
maky
.

[1]
[MARCH 2016]

19
0
 Cancer is one of the most dreaded diseases of human beings,and is
a major cause of death all over the globe. MK I
a) What are the causes of cancer? -

=
> CT
-
- x
b) What are the methods of detection of cancer? Sa

y
-

c) What are the types of treatment for cancer? [3]

[MARCH 2015]
D chemotherapy

Billy
I Radiothept
Ryan Chen
-
③
surge
In
Sum
morgenic vi &
as immun
they 19
1
 d
It is said that “Chikunguinea” once affected will not affect a person
in the next half of his life. Justify this statement. [2]
[MAY 2014]

19
2
Classify the diseases given in the box as two groups based on their
causative organisms. Specify the type of causative organism for
each group.

inseg
Typhoid,
Malaria,
Pneumonia,
Diphtheria,
Amoebiasis. a [2]
[MARCH 2014]

19
3
“Prevention is better than cure”. This statement is true in the case
of AIDS as well as immunisation. Substantiate. [2]
[MAY 2013]

19
4
Note the relation between first two terms and suggest a suitable
term for the fourth place.
a) Erythroxylum coca : cocaine :
Papaversomniferum : _______
b) Salmonella typhi: typhoid :
Plasmodium falciparum: ______ [1]
[MAY 2012]

19
5
 In a classroom discussion a student argues that allergic diseases are
more common in children of metrocities than in villages.
a) Do you agree with this statement.
-
b) Which type of immunoglobulin is responsible for allergic
-

reactions?
- - -

- c) Suggest two drugs which reduce allergic symptoms.

-
[2]

W
[MARCH 2012]

-
-E
Achend he
stands
C
19
6
The flow chart given below represents the life cycle of malarial
parasite. Complete the flow chart and answer the following:

-gar
a) Which species of malarial parasite causes malignant malaria ?
b) Can you suggest two methods to control malaria?

Live-

-D-gamelregte
[MAY 2010]
· 19
7
Widespread incidence of diseases like H1H N , Chichungunya, dengue
1 --

fever etc. are reported recently. As a science student, prepare an

action plan in your school to control those diseases.

no
,
[MARCH 2010]

a
unf

g Ambusis -
Repellant
-

19
8
Which microbe is called baker's yeast ?
(A) Propionibacterium sharmanii
d
(B) Lacto bacillus
(C) Saccharomyces cerevisiae -
(D) Aspergillus niger
(1)(2023 March)

19
9
 Two bioactive molecules are given :
(i) Cyclosporin-A - Poly spr
T
.
>
L (ii) Streptokinase -
--
>
Streptococ

↓
immuno (A) Name the microbe which produces these bioactive molecules.
syn (B) Write its use.
(2)(2023 March)

17
butn
-

20
0
 Name the microbes which produce the following bioactive
molecules and write use of (a) and (b)
(a) Cyclosporin A
(b) Statin
- >
- [2][2023 MODEL]
61 marcus
000 Chapter
toil peanie
long
20
1
 O
Who discovered the first antibiotic Penicillin? [1]
[2022 July]
&
/

i
20
2
Write the use of following microbial product :

clanfy
(a) Pectinase and Protease -> to front Joe
(b) Streptokinase [2]
[2022 July]

20
3
The first antibiotic discovered was _______ . [1]
[2022 March]

20
4
Match the following :

X [2]
[2022 March]

20
5
Fill in the blanks to complete the table :

LAB

bio control
agent agan
butter
- Citra
and th
districtions L Katy [2]
buty line [2021 March]

20
6
Name the free-living fungus used as an effective biocontrol agent
of several plant pathogen. [1]

Tritan
[2021 Imp]

20
7
Biogas is a mixture of gases produced by the microbial activity and
--

used as a fuel. Mention the name of bacteria used for production

-
--

of biogas. [1]
⑪

[2021 Imp]
↓

Methanogen =
Methanococc
-

20
8
 ·
Organic pollutants in sewage water is measured as _____.
(a) GMO
(b) MTP
*
(c) BOD ->
(d) HGP Biochemical- [2]
[2021 March]

20
9
A free-living nitrogen fixing bacteria in the soil.
- -°
-

(a) Rhizobium
>
-
-
(b) Azospirillum symbbick
②
(c) Nostoc
(d) Anabaena
a
fixe [1]
-
Gerbau
[2020 Imp]

21
0
Match the following :
(a) Acetic acid (i) Trichoderma polysporum
(b) Citric acid (ii) Acetobacter aceti
(c) Cyclosporine A (iii) Lactobacillus
(d) Lactic acid (iv) Aspergillus niger
(v) Monascus purpureus [2]
[2020 Imp]

21
1
Some examples of microbes in human welfare are given. Classify
them under the headings given below.
[Egs: -
D
Rhizobium, Propionibacterium sharmanii, Azaspirillum, Lactic
acid bacteria,*
Anabaena, Azetobacter, Aspergillus niger,
Saccharomyces cerevisiae...]

Microbes in Household Products Microbes as Bio-fertilizers

[2]
[2020 March]

21
2
Bio-fertilisers are organisms that enrich the nutrient quality of the
---

examples.
-
-
soil. How these biofertilizers enrich the soil nutrients? Give two

H [2]
[2019 Imp]

by
- Nitrogen
fixation
=

21
3
Microbes are useful to human beings in diverse ways. If so, name
the following:
(a) Microbe known as "Baker's Yeast".
(b) Lactic acid producing bacterium.
(c) Fungus which helps in the production of bio-active molecule -
cyclosporine A.
(d) Symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacterium. [2]
[2019 March]

21
4
 In sewage treatment plants microbes play a significant role.
Distinguish between primary and secondary treatment in sewage
- - - -
--

plants.
- -

[2]

Prince [2018 Imp]

I
Seconce Rx
- -

Physical
#
process #
biological proces

#floating particles matter

& microbes
all
grit all remova ac.

21
5
Complete the table with appropriate terms:

Organism Scientific name Bioactive Product

Fungus Allsergill
𝐀 -
Citric acid
Nigh

𝐁
back Acetobacter aceti I Acetic acid

>
- Trichoderma -
Fungus C
polysporum

Yeast C 𝐃
-Moaicm >
- Statin
[2]
perpuries [2018 March]
21
6
Select a bio-control agent from the given microbes:
----

>
-
>
b) Rhino virus -
a) Baculo virus

c) Picorna virus
d) Adenovirus Nucl
- e ophedovi n [1]
[MAY 2016]

--Glomu

/
21
7
“BOD is commonly calculated as an index of water pollution”.
-- --

a) Do you agree with this statement? Why?

---

b) Expand BOD. [2]

ku
[MARCH 2016]
Y Commen
6)

Tif
aesbie mism
·
- &

1
-
-

--

21
8
BOD of some water samples are given below:

mess
A. Sample 1 – 200 mg/L
B. Sample 2 – 80 mg/L
C. Sample 3 – 300 mg/L -> -
D. Sample 4 – 25 mg/L
a) Which of the above water sample is most polluted?
b) What is meant by floes?
·
-
What is its role in sewage treatment?

#
[2]
[MAY 2015]

21
9
In our state waste managenfient is a problem. Government
promotes and give subsidy to Biogas plants. Comment the
- -

functioning of biogas plants with the help of microbes.

---
[2]

instally => outlet for [MAY 2014]

I

L
↓
=> birgan

Y
LL
- -
-
out leat fo
~
--- -
parts ,

-
-

- -

-
-
-
-

10-lifet
22
0
The meaning of ‘antibiotics’ is ‘against life’, whereas with reference
- - -

to human beings they are ‘pro life’. Substantiate the statement

-
⑤
-
-- --

with suitable example. [2]

-
[MARCH 2014]

L
penicillin

22
1
A bacterial infection was effectively controlled by using a specific
antibiotic for a long time. But nowadays this antibiotic is not found
to be so effective to control the said infection. Give a scientific
explanation for this phenomenon based on evolution. [2]
[MARCH 2011]

22
2
Ramu cultivated pea plants as an inter crop in his paddy field. After
harvesting, he allowed the roots of the pea plants remain in the
soil for some period.
a) Do you think the action of Ramu is reasonable?
b) Justify your answer. [2]
[MARCH 2010]

22
3
A figure showing the global biodiversity of invertebrates and
vertebrates are given :

②
(A) Identify the most diverse groups of vertebrates and
invertebrates.
(B) What are the three important levels of biodiversity?
(3)[2023 March]
22
4
Genetic level
D--
Rolfia a
vermin

level
esies -
> Riserpine
weiterm
③
ecog le
o gbang
 Biodiversity loss is dangerous threat facing planet earth in present
days. Write the four reasons of Biodiversity loss given as evil
quartet.
equent et

①Habitat loss of fragmentation

(2)[2023 Model]

② &
over
exploitation - >
-
Steller's sea Cow

passenger pegion
③ alen Speies invasion
L
Lichliddish ·
I
f
4 Co-extinction pollinator -
7 >
- >
plant
victrig lake Hostin
due to
>
-
parasite
Invasion
Nile
perh by 22
5
 a
(a)Write four major causes of Biodiversity loss.
[3]
[2022 March]

22
6
 The term 'Biodiversity' was popularized by the scientist ______ [1]
↓ [2022 March]

Wilson
=

Rivet Poppar lypothesis

pool
-

SPA-relat eholics
=
hum
boldt
-
- 22
7
Differentiate between in-situ and ex-situ approaches of
T
-

f
biodiversity conservation with two examples each. [2]
[2022 March]
on he Cover off
rite Un /-
# in their Natal #Out sid the
Habitat unde habitat
Es Hotspots D220
D Nations pan ② bot an

*
Giospher ver ban
↑ Sacre que ⑤ Crys ,
④ cna
2
I u
22
8
 "Species diversity is greater in tropical regions than in temperate
- - - - -

regions." Give reasons. [2]

>
[2021 March]
Latitudinal
grachut Par D
polli Temperate

O
III/
Tropin
IIIIII
#/I, quator

Paa 22
9
 -
= Specs nih

Y interupt

,
C =

1 , li
·

,
St C B
2 =
Slope -
-E
·
I
-

Pan A Am

-
=

&

6-1 2 .

Observe the graph and answer the following questions:

(a) Name S, A, Z and C in the graph.
-
(b) Name the scientists who explained Species-Area relationship.
[2]
en :
C+ [2018 March]
2
23
0
Read the statement and choose the correct option:
A: Sacred grooves are examples of in situ conservation -
XX
B: Biodiversity hotspots have low degree of endemism.
-

C: Biodiversity increases when number of organisms in a particular

-
species increases.
a) Statement ‘A’ alone is correct
b) Statement ‘A’ and ‘B’ are correct
c) Statement ‘A’ and ‘C’ are correct.
d) Statement ‘C’ alone is correct [2]
[March 2016]

23
1
While preparing the species area relationship graph of 4 areas, the

Of
following z values are obtained.
Area A = 0.1 Area B = 0.8 Area C = 1.2 Area D = 0.3
>
a) Which
-
area shows maximum species richness?
b) What are the expected reasons for the loss of biodiversity in
--
areas with low species richness? [3]
-
[May 2013]

23
2
Last twenty years alone have witnessed the disappearance of 27
animal species from earth.
a) Name an animal disappeared recently.
b) What may be the causes for this loss?
c) How can we conserve biodiversity?
I [3]

[ [May 2012]

23
3
a) The “Evil Quartet” is the nickname used to describe the causes
of biodiversity losses. Explain the reason leading to accelerated
rates of extinction of flora and fauna. [2]
b) Philosophically or spiritually, we need to realize that every plant
or animal species has an intrinsic value and we have a moral duty
to protect them. Justify the statement and write down the
protective measures. [2]
[May 2010]

23
4
23
5