Sree Ayyappa Public School

Affiliated to Central Board of Secondary Education, Delhi

Sector V, Bokaro Steel City, Jharkhand - 827006
9234300650/ 91 6542 266491 info@ayyappaschool.in
ASSIGNMENT FOR TERM – II : 2021 –22
STD. : XII PART – I
BIOLOGY
SECTION – A (10 x 2 = 20 MARKS)
Q1. What is haemozoin? How it affects the human body when released in blood during malaria
infection?
Q2. Why are cancer patients often given alpha - interferon as a part of treatment?
Q3. Why sharing of injection needles between two individuals is not recommend?
Q4. How do mycorrhiza help the plants to grow better? How do plants benefit to mycorrhiza?
Q5. Why does 'Swiss Cheese ' develop large holes? Name the causative organism.
Q6. How has the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis helped us in controlling caterpillars of insect’s
pests?
Q7. How is the presence of cyanobactria in the paddy fields beneficial to rice crop?
Q8. What is palindrome in DNA? Give two examples palindromic sequences.
Q9. Why do DNA fragments move towards the anode during gel electrophoresis?
Q10. What are restriction endonucleases? Give the rules of their nomenclature.
SECTION – B (20 x 3 = 60 MARKS)
Q11. How does malaria differ from chikungunya with the reference of their symptoms and
vectors?
Q12. Why are lymph nodes and bone marrow called primary lymphoid organs? Explain the
function of each.
Q13. Mention any three methods of treatment for cancer.
Q14. Draw a well labelled diagram of an antibody molecule. Mention any two types of
Immunoglobulins.
Q15. A team of students are preparing to participate in the Athletic meet, during practice session
they found some small bottles with labels of certain cannabinoids.
(a) Do sports person allowed to use cannabinoids? What are cannabinoids ?
(b) Name a plant from which such chemicals are obtained.
(c) Write the effect of these chemicals in human health.
Q16. A snake bitten person was brought to the hospital, the doctor immediately given him an
injection to protect him from the deadly venom.
(a) What did the doctor inject into the patient's body?
(b) What kind of immunity the injection provides to that person?
(c) How do you think this injection would protect the patient against the snake
bite?
Q17. Name and mention the events that occur in the cells when HIV gets into blood after gaining
entry into the human body.
Q18. How do biofertilizers enrich the fertility of the soil?
Q19. Write the importance of these microbes in medical field:
(a) streptococcus (b) Trichoderma (c) Monascus
Q20. Give reasons:
(a) Why does the cellulose not digested in human body ?
(b) Why does inoculum must added to fresh and warm milk only?
(c) Why are the fruit juices bought from market are clearer as compared to homemade
juices

ayyappaschool.in
 Sree Ayyappa Public School
Affiliated to Central Board of Secondary Education, Delhi
Sector V, Bokaro Steel City, Jharkhand - 827006
9234300650/ 91 6542 266491 info@ayyappaschool.in
Q21. Mention a product of human welfare obtained with the help of each one the following
microbe:
(a) Aspergillus niger. (b) LAB (c) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Q22. What was the first antibiotic discovered during second world war? Who discovered it? Name
he source of the microbe.
Q23. Name the mictobes that help production of the following products commercially:
(a) Acetic acid (b) Citric acid. (c) Butyric acid.
Q24. Organic farmers prefer biological control of diseases and pests to the use of chemicals for the
same purpose, Justify the statement.
Q25. What is Ti plasmid? Why is Agrobacterium tumefaciens a good cloning vector? Explain.
Q26. Collect 6 examples of palindromic DNA sequences cut by six different restriction enzymes.
Q27. How is insertional inactivation of an enzyme used as a selectable marker to differentiate
recombinants from a non -recombinant?
Q28. Answer the following questions:
(a) What does EcoR1 signify? How it’s name is derived?
(b) How are 'Sticky ends' formed on a DNA strand? Why are these so called?
(c) Distinguish between plasmid DNA and Chromosomal DNA in E coli.
Q29. Give reasons why:
(a) DNA cannot pass into a host cell through the cell membrane?
(b) Proteases are added during isolation of DNA for genetic engineering.
(c) Why is, single cloning site is preferred for single restriction enzyme in a vector?
Q30. What is Biotechnology? Describe any two areas of biotechnology.
SECTION – C (4 x 5 = 20 MARKS)
Q31. Study the given diagram given below:

(i) Name 'a' DNA and 'b' DNA.

(ii) Name the restriction enzyme that recognizes this palindrome.
(iii) Why it is called as palindromic DNA sequencing?
(iv) Name the enzyme that can link these two DNA fragments, What the DNA
called now?
OR
Observe the given below diagram and read the passage and answer the questions as follows:

Plasmids are vectors used for forming a recombinant DNA. pBR 322 is the most common
plasmid vector. Its size is very small, therefore it can be easily taken up by the host cell. It

ayyappaschool.in
 Sree Ayyappa Public School
Affiliated to Central Board of Secondary Education, Delhi
Sector V, Bokaro Steel City, Jharkhand - 827006
9234300650/ 91 6542 266491 info@ayyappaschool.in
can carry genes which confer resistance for ampR and tetR, hence act as a selectable
marker.
(a) What do you mean by pBR 322? Give full form and meaning.
(b) How many base pairs in pBR 322?
(c) What are ampR and tetR? give full form and meaning.
(d) Write any four features a vector must have.
Q32. The primary effluent is passed into large aeration tanks where it is constantly agitated
mechanically and air is pumped into it. This allows vigorous growth of useful aerobic
microbes into flocs. While growing, these microbes consume major part of the organic matter
in the effluent. This significantly reduces the BOD of the effluent.
(a) How does the primary effluent formed? explain.
(b) What stands ' flocs' here?
(c) What do you mean by BOD? Why it is reduced significantly while growing
microbes?
(d) Why is this sewage treatment is essential in the environment?
OR
Study the well labelled diagram given below and answer the questions as follows;

(a) Why does the cattle dung is used in this plant?

(b) What is the role of digester in this setup?
(c) Describe gas composition which is released by this plant
(d) The gas is produced in the tank due to which microbial activity? Explain.
Q33. Give an account of the preventive measures taken to avoid the spread of contagious diseases.
OR
(a) Name the respective forms in which malarial parasite gains into
(i) human body and (ii) body of female Anapheles.
(b) Why does the patient show symptoms of high fever,while suffering from malaria?
(c) Name the hosts where the sexual and asexual reproduction of malarial parasites occur
respectively.
Q34. What motivates youngsters to take to alcohol or drugs and how can this be avoided? Explain
your views.
OR
Name the genus to which baculoviruses belong. Describe their role in the integrated pest
management programmes.

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