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HGE-MAY-2022 - Board Exam Questions

Civil Engineering (Central Colleges of the Philippines)

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1. CE Board May 2022

A water tank has a sloping inclined at 45 with
the horizontal. The total depth of water in the
tank is 8 m. A water jet issues from an orifice
located on the inclined side of the tank under a
hydrostatic head of 5 m. or that orifice is
located 3 m. verticallyabove the bottom of the
tank. Coefficientof velocityis 1.0. Negcting air
resistance on the jet.

Determine the maximum height of the

issuing jet arises above the level of the
center of orifice in meters.
Determine the time it takes for ihis particle
of the jet to sit the ground that is i.20 m.
below the bottom of. the tank in seconds.
Determine the horizontal distance on the
ground traveled by the jet from the center
of the orifice in meters.

Solution:
OMax. heightthe jet arises above the
of orifice:
center

V2=0 VI
5m
--

45 45
3m
45

,2m
45

V C,2gH
V1.0,/2(9.81)M5)
V 9.9 ms
V1 9.9 Sin 45 7
V22 = V12-2gh

0 (7)2-2(9.81)h
h= 2.5 m.
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Time for the particleto sit the ground:

V2=V1-gt
0=7-9.81t
t 0.71 sec.
Time to travel from A to B is ti 0.71 sec
VI
V
V2-0
Sm

A45 h=2.5
V3
3m 45 6.7

1.2m

C
Time to travel from B to C:
6.7 % gta2
6.7 % (9.81)th2
t2 1.17sec.
Total time for the particleto sit the ground
0.71+1.17 1.88sec.
Horizontal distancs:
V 9.9 Cos 45 7 m/s
D=Vat
D 7(1.88)
13.16m.

2. CE Board May 2022

A trapezoidalcanal
has a bottom width of o
and a side slope 2 horizontal to 1 vertical.
When the depth of the flow is 1.2 m. aand the
rate of flow is 20.4
m3/sec.
Compute the specificenergy in meters.
2f the roughness coefficient n = 0.015,
obtain the slope of the using
cana
Manning's Formula. a
3Compute the average shearng ess

the
the
boundary over the surtac
of
channel in N/m3.

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-10.8-
6 2.4
24
1.2 1.2

2.683 6
2,683

V2/2g

Solution:
Speciic energy:
(10.8 +61.2)
A 2
A 10.08 m2
Q=AV
20.40 10.08 V
V 2.02 m/s

y2
Specificenergy 2 td

Specific energy (2.02)2

29.81)+ 1.2
Specific energy = 1.41 m.

Slope of channel:
VRs1/2
n

P 2(2.683)+6
P11.366
R-
R10.08
11.366
R 0.887

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VRs1/2
V

2.02 0.887)23(S)1/2
0.014
S 0.00094

Average shearingstress:
T Yw RS
T 9.81(0.887)0.00094)
T 0.0082 kPa
T 8.2 N/m2

3. CE Board May 2022

What is the friction angle of the soil when the
coefficientof passive resistanceis 4?

Solution:
K 1+ Sin9
1-Sin&
1+ Sin e
4
1-Sin9
4-4 Sin 0=1+ Sin 9
5 Sin 9 3
0 36.87

4. CE BoardMay 2022
A woman with a glass of water having a height
of 300 mm is inside the elevator with an
upward acceleration of 3 m/s2. Determine the
pressure at the bottom of the glass.

Solution:

p-981(0.3 1+ 39.81 3.84 kPa

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2022
5. CE BoardMay
meters of a column of special
What height in exert
a sp.gr. of 2.90 would
gage liquid having
a column of oil 6 m.
the same pressure as
0.80?
high having a sp.gr. of

Solution:

Oil m

sp.gr.= (2.90) (0.80)

P 9.81(0.8)(6)
P 47.09
P=y (sp.gr.h
47.09 9.81(2.90)h
h 1.66 m.

6. CE BoardMay 2022
Section 302.2.2 of the Nationai Structural
Code of the Philippines
provides that the slope
of cut surfacesshall be no
steeper than is safe
for intended use and shall be
no steeper than
a) 1 to 2
b) 1 to 1
c 1 to 3
d 1 to 1.5

7. CE Board May 2022

A cohesive soil
deposit is
unconfined compressionconsideredinsoft if the
between: strength kPa is
a) 0 to 24
b) 48 to 96
c) 96 to 192
d) 24to 48
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CE Board
May 2022
8.
rectangular gate
1.5 m. wide and 3 m
m. high
A SuDmerged
in water with its top
is vertically
edge horizontal and 2 m. below the water
Surface.

Evaluate the
total force acting on one
side
kN.
of the gate, in
Obtain the location of force from the
center of gravity of the plate in m.
Obtain the location of force from the liquid
surface in meters.

Solution:
Total force acting on one side ofthe gate
w.S.

2 m
1.5 m

1.5 m

31m 3 m
p

P=y hA
P 9.81(2+1.5)(1.5)(3)
P 154.51 kN

Location of force from the center of graviy

of the plate

1513)
12
3.375
S, Ay
S.1.5(3)(3.5)=15.75
e 3.375
15.75 U.214m
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ocationofforce from the liquid surface

D=
2+ 1.5+0.214

D 3.714m

May2022
CE Board
of soft clay having an initial void ratio
A layer
6 m thick under compression load
a
is
of 1.2 the void ratio is decreased by
plied above it,
one-third. Evaluate the reduction in the
of the clay layer.
thickness

Solution:

e,-12
2
e,

,(12)=08
3

,H(e,-e,)
4-1+e

6(1.2-0.8)-1.09
1+1.2

10CEBoardMay 2022
According to the Westerguard Theory, the
erical stress at a point below the surtace or a
semi-infinite, homogeneous, isotropic soil
ass due to appoint load A applied at tne
9round surface is given by the
equati0
P: 0.318QN

Where N 1

horizontaldistance of the point fromor

une vertical ine of application
the load
depth of point below ground surface
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Evaluate the vertical stress, in kPa, at a point

below the ground for Q 1500 kN
=
if
O the point is 3 m.
directly below the point of
application of the load.
the point is 6 m. directly belowthe point of
applicationof the load.
the point is 6 m. below the load but 3 m.
horizontally from the application of the
load.

Solution:
OVertical stress if the point is 3 m. directly
below the point of applicationof the load

0.318(1500) 1
P
(3)2
P 53 kPa

Vertical stress if the point is 6 m.

below the point of applicationof the
directly
load

0.318(1500) 1
P T|
(6)2
P 13.3 kPa

Vertical stress if the point is

the load but 3 m. 6 m. below
applicationof the loadhorizontally
from the

1
0.318(1500)
P
(6)
P 7.2 kPa

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20022
CE Board
May
11. floats
a sp.gr.
of 0.75
buoy having
A wooden of 0.85.
having a sp. gr.
in a liquid
volume of
is the
percentage of the to the
OWhat surface
below the liquid
the buoy
the body?
total volume of is
volume above the liquid surface
If the the buoy?
0.024 m, what is the weight of
the buoy
load that will
cause
What is the
to be fully submerged.

Solution:

V2

% of vol. below the liquid surface to tota

volume:
W= BF
0.75(9.81) V= 0.85(9.81)(V)
V 1.133 V2
V2 0.88 V
0.88 V0.88 88%
V

Weight of object:
V= V-V2
V= V-0.88 V
V, 0.12 V
0.024 0.12 V
V= 0.2 m
W 0.2(9.81)(0.75)
W=1.47 kN
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the
Load to cause
object to be
submerged full
P 0.85(9.81)(0.024)
P 0.2 kN

12. CE BOardMay 2022

A niece of wood having a specific gravitv
of
0.65 is 70 mm square and 1.5 m long. How
many kg of lead fastened. at one end of the
wood so that it willfloat uprightwith 0.30 m
projectingout when loating in water? Specific
gravity oflead 11.2.
=

Solution:
-0.07

W=4.78 kg s30
1.50m
1.20 m
S ).65

BF,
w
SP-gr=11.2

BF2
W 0.07(0.07)(1.5)/0.65)(1000)
W 4.78 kg
W2=V(1000)(11.2)
W2 11200V kg
BF 0.07(0.07)(1.2)(1000)
BF1 5.88 kg
BF2 V(1000)
BF2 1000V
Wi +W2=BF1+BF2
4.78+11200V 5.88 +1000V
10200V 1.1
V 0.0001078
W2= 11200(0.0001078)
W2 1.21 kg

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CEBoardMay 2022
Alayer of Clay 8.6 m thick is overlain by
a
of sand 15.2 m hick to
deposit
Wihen the wa ter table is
at
ground
surfaceleve the saturated unit weightground
Surface.
of the
nd was
sand was determined to be 21.2 kN/m3 for
ich its dry unit weight 18.2 kN/m. The
Which

turated unit weightof the clay is 18.8 kN/m

When the ground water table
owered by
7.6 m, the degree of saturation of the
sand
above the water table was lowered to
30%. At
the mid-heightof the clay layer,

Evaluate the ffective pressure, in kPa,

before lowering of the water table.

Evaluate the effective pressure, in kPa,

after the lowering of the water table.

Evluate the effective pressure, in

kPa,
when there is no water in the sand
but remain in moist condition at the
layer
same
degree of saturation.

Solution:
Effective pressure before
water table lowering of the
VWater table
.

Sand
15.2m
Ysa21.2 kN/m3
dry=18.2kN/m3

8.6m Clay 4.3

A
sa18.8 kN/m3 4.3

15.2(21.2-9.81) +4.3(18.8-9.81)
212 kPa

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Effective pressure after the lowering of the

water table

7.6m Sand
30%
er table

7.6m

8.6m Clay A-
4.3
4.3

=G+ey,
Ysat
1+e

Ysat 1+e 1+e

+Yw
YsYary 1+e
21.2 18.2+ 981)
1+e
e0.4405

Yary 1+e
18.2 (9.81)
10.4 1+0.4405
G 2.673

G+Se)y
1+e
2.673 +0.3(0.4405) |9.81
Ywet
1+0.4405
Ywe19.1 kN/m3

o7.6(19.1)+7.6(21.2-9.81)
+4.3(18.8-9.81)
O 270 kPa
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there is no water
when
Effective pressure moist
but remain in
in the sand layer
of saturation
condition at the same degree

Sand
15.2m
S=30%
=18.803 kN/m3
wet

4.3
8.6m Clay A
Y sa18.8 kN/m3 4.3

19.1(15.2) +4.3(18.8-9.81)
329 kPa

14. CE Board May 2022

A barge weighing 350 kN when empty is 6 m.
wide, 15 m. long and 3 m. high. Flcating
upright, evaluate the draft of the barge in
meters when transporting 5000
cement along a river, each bag
bags oi
having a mass
of 40 kg. Assume the specific gravity of the
water in the river to be 1.02.

Solution:

W.S.
3m
bags of cement

6m

W wt. of
barge + wt.of cement
W=350+ 00(40)(9.81)
1000
W 2312 kN
W BF

2312=6(15)dy9.81)(1.02)
d 2.57 m.

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15. CE Boardiay 2022

An airplane flying at an altitude of 0 km
droppedto a height of 6 km. What is the
corresponding chang in pressure?
is 12 kN/m3
Unit
weightof air

Solution:
Change in pressure = (10-6)(12)

Change in pressure
=
48 kPa

16. CE BoardMay 2022

A square plate having one of its side
3 m. is immerse in a waler surtace in a to equal
vertical
position such that the tWO edges of the square
would be horizontal in order that the center of
pressure shall be 8 cm. from the center of
gravity
How far below the water surface should
the upper plate be submerged?
What is the distance of the
center of
pressure from the water surface.
Determinethe hydrostaticforce acting on
the plate at this
position.
Solution:
OLocation of upper plate from waler
Surface:

12
lg= 6.75
Ss Ay CG
=0.08
e Ss P
CP

3m

0.08 F6.75
h 9.375
y+ 1.5 9.375
y 7.875 m.

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Distance
of enter of pressure from the
water surface

= 9.375 + 0.08
Distance
Distance = 9455

torce on the plate:

a
Hydrostatic
P=yh A

P9.81(9.375}3(3)
p:827.72 kN

17.CEBoardMay 2022
An isosceles triangular plate of height 480 mm
and base 200 mm is vertically submeged in
wwater with its vertex at the liquid surface and
the base is parallel to the liquid surface.

oEvaluate the total force acting on one side of

the plate in kN
Obtain the location of the force from the
center of the gravity of the plate in mm.
Obtain the location of the force from the
lquid surface in mm.

Solution:

480

p
200

Totalforceacting on one side of the

In kN. plate

480)
h- 320
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P yhA

P 9810(0.320)(0.200)(0.480)
P 150.68 N

Location of the force from the center

of the
gravity of the plate in mm.

e
Ay
200(480)
e 36
1
480)(200)(320)
e 40 mm

Location of the force from the

surface in mm.
liquid
d h+e
d 320+ 40
d 360 mm

18. CE Board May 2022

A jet of water 75 mmø and moving to the right
impinges on a flat plate held normal to its axis.
If the velocity of the jet is 25 m/s.

OWhat force will keep the plate in

equilibrium?
I the plate were moving to the right with a
velocity of 9 m/s, what force would the jet
exert on the plate?
Had the plate been moving to the left at 9
m/s, what force would the jet exert on the
plate?

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Civil EngineeringLicensureExam

Solution:
Force to keep the plate in equilibrium:

flat plate
V=25
V2=0

F pAV

F 1000(0.075)2(25)2
F 2761 NN

Force of the jet exerted on the plate:

V=25m/s
V 9nm/s
F

FPA(V1-Vp
F10000.075)(25-92
F 1131 N

Force exerted on the

plate by the jet:

V=25 m/s
V2=-9 m/s
F
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F pA(V-V>}?
F 1000(0075)2(25a

F 1000 (0.075)(25+g2
F 5107 N

19. CE Board May 2022

A rectangular plate of dim
0.60 m x 1.2 m. is dimenson
Submerged verticall
water with its shorter edge at the n
and parallel to it. liquid surfata

Evaluatethe total force acting on one

of the plate in kN. side
Obtain the location of the force
center of gravity of the
from the
plate in mm.
3 Obtain the location of the force from the
liquid surface irn mm.

Solution:
Total force acting on the plate

h-0
1.20 m
Pei

0.6 m
Center of pressure

Py hA

P 981(06)(0.6)(1.2)
P 4.24 kN

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CWil
Engineeri
Llicensu Exa
Location of the force fror the center of
of the plate
gravity

g
e

0.6(1.2)
12
0.08640

SAY
S 0.6(1.2)0.6)
S 0.432

0.08640
e
0.432
e 0.2 m

e 200 mm

Location of the force from the liquid

surface
h0.60+0.2
h 0.80 m
h 800 mm

20. CE Board May 2022

ven that the field unit weight of a soil sample
S 1600 kg per cubic meter and the unit welgnt
of the soil articles is 2000 kg per cubic meter
soil Is 12
the moisture content of the
percent.
0Evaluate the void ratio.
Evaluateits dry unit.in kN/m°
in
Evaluate the egree of saturation,
percent.
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Solution:
Void ratio
OWet (1+25)
1+e
G 2000 kg/m 2
1000 kg/m

180021000).
14e(1+0.12)

e 0.244

Dry unit.inkN/m
,Y
1+e

Y 2(9.81)
Tdry 1+0.244
Y15.77, kN/m

Degree of saturation,in percent:

S

S 112)
0.244
S 98.36%

21. CE Board May 2022

According to the Westerguard Theory, the
vertical stress at a point below the surface of a
semi-infinite, homogeneous, isotropic soil
mass due to appoint load A applied at the
ground surtace is given by the equation:
P 0.318QN

where N . 1

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Vertical stress if the point is 4 m

3 m belcw
the load but 2
applicationof the load
horizontally from the
N
1 1
Ts07155
1(61(
0.318
P
QN

0.318(1500)(0.7155)
P
(4)
P 21.33kPa

22. CE BoardMay 2022

Evaluate the plastic settlement, in meters (m)
on a layer of plastic clay due to an increaseof
pressure caused by loads above it under the
following conditions
Intergranular press = 180 kPa
Increase in intergr ar pressure =120 kPa

Thicknessof clay
Coefficientof corsaton 0.315
Void ratioof ciay

Solution:
(P +AP
1+e P
S 0(0.315) 180+120
1+1.5 180
S 0.28 m

23. CE Board May 2022

It occurs in soils of saturated cohesíoni
paricles such as sand and causes a
Sudoe
Sudde

bearn

drop in shear strength and ts iu

a liquic
capacity. In effect, the soil turns into rted to
allowing everything it previousiy
sink
Ans: Liquefaction

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