WRITING TASK 2 – LESSON 1 - ARGUMENTS

IDEAS DEVELOPMENT:

-Reason – Conclusion

-Predicting outcomes

-Examples:

1. Reason – Conclusion

- 2 sentences: 1 Main/Opinion/Claim + 1 Support/Reason/Factual information.

- First, (Fact – subject) -> … -> … Positive/negative outcome.
- Useful structures:
o Since/As/Because + clause, MAIN clause.
 Since cities are often crowded, people living there tend to face traffic congestion
during rush hours.
o MAIN clause 1, so MAIN clause 2
 Big cities often have high population density, so people living there tend to face
more frequent traffic congestion.
o Clause, which + V (lead to/cause/result in) + N
 Big cities often have high population density, which results in higher frequency
of traffic congestion.
o Sentence 1. As a result,/Consequently,/As a consequence,/ Sentence 2
 Big cities often have high population density. As a result, people living there
tend to face more frequent traffic congestion.

Sống xa nhà: tốt

Independence → do not rely on their parents, have to manage finances,
houseworks by themself → gain problem-solving, time management skills
First, living away from family can be advantageous to students’ independence. When university
students have to live far away from home, they cannot rely on the assistance of their parents. These
students often have to manage their own finances, as well as do their own housework and cook their
own meals, which allows them to gain valuable life skills that can be useful in the future.

( Should write from 45 – 50 words)

Go to school early – parents -free time – allocate more time for their personal lives

First, when parents send their children to school from an early age, they can have more free time to
allocate for their personal lives. This is important because it allows parents to focus more on taking care
of themselves, which is crucial to their well-being.

Second, students who begin formal education at an early stage of life can discover their interests and
their potential sooner. This helps students make better decisions regarding the major/field that they
would pursue later in their academic life. If students manage to choose a major that suits their passion
and ability, they will be more likely to have motivation to work hard and improve themselves
academically.

2. PREDICTING OUTCOMES

Đặc biệt hữu dụng khi người viết cần đánh giá 1 sự vật/hiện tượng/1 quyết định/1 điều nên
làm hay không nên làm.

 Nên/Không nên
 VÌ NẾU LÀM/NẾU KHÔNG LÀM thì KẾT QUẢ SẼ TÍCH CỰC/TIÊU CỰC.
o Nên làm -> Nếu làm = tốt/Nếu không làm = xấu
o Không nên làm -> Nếu làm = xấu /không làm = tốt.

E.g: Đánh giá việc sống xa gia đình có ích hay không (CÓ)

-> Nếu (sống xa gia đình ) -> hệ quả là: …. (tích cực)

Type 1 (Điều kiện dễ xảy ra):

If students live away from their family, they will have to learn how to take care of themselves.
This is beneficial since these students can be equipped with valuable skills that can be useful in the
future.

Type 2 (Điều kiện khó xảy ra)

If the funding for public transportation systems was cut off, the quality of public transportation
facilities would drastically decrease, making passengers unwilling to use them.

3. EXAMPLE

Main idea: Keywords – A B C D

 Examples: (a,b,c,d)

Sử dụng từ vựng ở mức độ cụ thể/chi tiết hơn để diễn tả nội dung main idea.

The Internet helps people communicate better. (Subject + Predicate = TOPIC + COMMENT)

(Internet) (help communicate better)

 Example: Social media – keep in touch with… - get updated information about…-use messaging
applications/make video calls
o For example, / For instance,
 For example, Internet users can use social media to keep in touch with their
friends and families. Platforms like Facebook or Twitter allow users to
effortlessly get updated information about people in their friend list and chat
instantaneously with each other through messaging applications. (43)
o Take smt for example. + Sentence
 Take social media platforms like Facebook or Twitter for example. They allow
users to effortlessly get updated information about people in their friend list
and chat instantaneously with each other through messaging applications. (32)
 o A clear example/illustration for this can be seen in (the case of) … , who/which + V …
 A clear illustration for this can be seen in social media platforms like Facebook
or Twitter, which allow users to get updated information about people in their
friend list and chat with each other through messaging applications. (3

TASK 2: ARGUMENTATIVE

1 view/Agree/Disagree:

Clear position about this view

P1: Others

Ideas of other people – not the writer

Some people might claim/believe/hold the opinion that…

There are understandable reasons why some people might think that…

Supporters/Proponents/Opponents (of smt) assert/claim that…

e.g:

Supporters claim that the Internet brings about many advantages.

Supporters of the Internet claim that it brings about many advantages.

Opponents of (the idea that smoking should be banned in public places) claim
that…

Avoid extreme language – use cautious language.

might/can…

likely to/tend to…

there is a possibility that…

P2: Writer

However, I believe that…

However, the mentioned (advantages/drawbacks) are inferior compared to the

(disadvantages/benefits) of smt

However, the mentioned (advantages/drawbacks) are overshadowed/eclipsed/outweighed by

the (disadvantages/benefits) of smt