IELTS WRITING TASK 2 – PARAPHRASING

Paraphrase là gì?

Paraphrase là khả năng biến đổi một câu theo cách làm cho câu đó bình đẳng về
mặt ngữ nghĩa với câu gốc, nhưng khác về mặt từ vựng và cú pháp (McCarthy, Guess
& McNamara, 2009).

Ex 1: The government should support local businesses.

#1. Using synonyms:

Từ đồng nghĩa là các từ mang nghĩa giống hoặc gần giống nhau và có thể được sử
dụng để thay thế cho nhau trong một vài trường hợp.

Ex: Beautiful ≈ attractive ≈ pretty

Intelligent ≈ smart ≈ clever ≈ gifted

 The authorities should aid local companies.

1. Most of the people who participated in DHI thought that it was great.
- Most of ≈ Many ≈ The majority of
- People ≈ Participants ≈ members
- Participate ≈ take part in ≈ join ≈ engage in ≈ enter in ≈ attend

Facebook: Học Tiếng Anh cùng cô Diễm Hằng

1
 - Think ≈ claim ≈ suppose ≈ assume ≈ reckon
- Great ≈ wonderful ≈ amazing ≈ outstanding ≈ terrific ≈ marvellous


2. Using renewable sources could stop people from destroying

rainforests.
- Using
- Renewable =
- Sources =
- Stop =
- Destroy =


3. Some people think that environmental protection is the responsibility

of politicians, not individuals as individuals can do too little.
-
-
-

4. Levels of crime among teenagers are rising rapidly in most cities
around the world.
-
-
-

Facebook: Học Tiếng Anh cùng cô Diễm Hằng

2
 #2: Word forms:
Support (v) support (n)
Or you can change the form of the synonyms of the words.
Help/Aid/Assist (v) Help/Aid/Assistance (n)

 The authorities should provide support/aid/help/assistance for local

companies.
1. When people overeat fast food, they can become obese.
- Overeat (V) → Overeating (N)
- Obese (Adj) → Obesity (N)
 The overeating of fast food is a reason of obesity.
 The overeating of fast food leads to / results in obesity.
 Obesity is because of overeating fast food.
2. There are a lot of reasons why people should change their jobs
frequently.
- Change (v) -> change (n)
- Frequently (adv) => frequent (a)

Facebook: Học Tiếng Anh cùng cô Diễm Hằng

3
 3. Students leave high school without learning the way how to manage
their money.

4. Nowadays, the way many people interact with each other has been
changed because of technology.
- Interact => interaction

5. Some people think that environmental protection is the responsibility

of politicians, not individuals as individuals can do too little.
- Responsibility (n)

6. Robots will replace humans in driving cars in the not-faraway future.

- Replace (v)

7. Using a computer every day can have negative effects on children.

- Effect (n)

Noun: (thường có các đuôi là) – ment, -ion, -ness, -ity

Adj: (thường có các đuôi là) – able, -ible, – ive, – al, -ic, -ed, – ing

V: (thường có các đuôi là) – ise, – ate, en-

Facebook: Học Tiếng Anh cùng cô Diễm Hằng

4
 Tobe able to => enable …to

I am able to communicate with my friends thanks to the technology.

 The technology enables me to c….

Adv: (thường có đuôi là) -ly

#3: Active – Passive

 Local companies should be assisted by the authorities.

1. There are some reasons why the government should ban smoking.

2. People say that overpopulation is caused by poverty.

Facebook: Học Tiếng Anh cùng cô Diễm Hằng

5
 S1 + say/think/believe + that + S2 + V
 It + tobe+ said/thought/believed + that…..
 S2+ tobe + said/thought/believed to V

3. Technology has changed people’s daily life.


4. Teacher should not punish students in any ways

5. It is believed that university should give only pure knowledge to their

students.

# 4: Dummy subjects:

It is + important/ vital/ necessary/ crucial/ critical for S to V

It is true/clear/ obvious that S + V

 It is necessary for the authorities to provide aid for local companies.

 It is vital that the authorities should provide….
1. The government needs to issue law to protect the environment.

2. Every citizen should be involved in the environmental protection.

3. High school should teach students to manage money effectively.


# 5: Using different methods:

Facebook: Học Tiếng Anh cùng cô Diễm Hằng

6
 Ex: Some people think that environmental protection is the responsibility of
politicians, not individuals as individuals can do too little.

⇒ Synonyms + word form + dummy subjects + passive voice:

It is believed that politicians should be responsible for protecting the environment,

not ordinary people because too little can be done by them.

1. Many animal species are becoming extinct due to human activities both
on land and in the sea.

2. Some people think that the government should ban dangerous sports.

Ex 2: Many people say that exercises is key to health while others believe
that a balanced diet is more important.

Một số từ/ cụm từ/ cấu trúc đồng nghĩa thường được dùng cho các
dạng bài trong IELTS Writing Task 2

Dạng bài nêu quan điểm (Opinion)

I think/ believe that… (Tôi nghĩ/tin

Personally, (Cá nhân tôi),
rằng…)
In my opinion, (Trong quan điểm của
I would argue that… (Tôi muốn tranh
tôi),
luận rằng…)
From my point of view, (Theo quan điểm
I hold the view that… (Tôi giữ quan điểm
của tôi),
rằng…)

Facebook: Học Tiếng Anh cùng cô Diễm Hằng

7
 I side with the view that… (Tôi đứng về
phía quan điểm rằng…)

Dạng bài nêu mặt lợi và mặt hại (Advantages and Disadvantages)

Advantage ≈ benefit (lợi ích)

Positive effect ≈ beneficial impact (tác động tích cực/có ích)
To bring advantages/ benefits
≈ to have positive effects/ beneficial effects (impacts) on something
≈ to affect something positively
(mang lại các lợi ích, tác động tích cực lên cái gì đó)

Disadvantage ≈ drawbacks (tác hại/ bất lợi)

Negative effect ≈ detrimental impacts (tác hại tiêu cực)
To have negative effects/ detrimental impacts on something
≈ to affect something negatively
(tác động/ có tác động tiêu cực đến…)

Dạng bài vấn đề – nguyên nhân – giải pháp (problems – causes – solutions)

Problem ≈ issue Solution ≈ measure

(vấn đề) (giải pháp)
To address/tackle/solve the It is important/necessary/ crucial (for
problem, … somebody) to do something
(để giải quyết vấn đề này) (nó thì cần thiết để ai đó làm việc gì đó)
Ví dụ: To address the problem of water pollution, it is necessary for the
government/authorities to impose a heavy punishments on company who pump

Facebook: Học Tiếng Anh cùng cô Diễm Hằng

8
 untreated sewage directly into the sea. (Để giải quyết vấn đề về ô nhiễm nguồn nước,
điều đó là cần thiết cho chính Phủ để đưa ra các hình phạt nặng lên các công ty mà
bơm trực tiếp nước thải chưa qua xử lí ra biển.)

Cause ≈ reason (A) Result/ effect (B)

(nguyên nhân) (kết quả/ tác động)
The problem is attributable to some reasons (vấn đề này có thể bị quy cho 1 số lý
do)
(reason) can contribute to (problem) (1 nguyên nhân góp phần gây ra vấn đề gì đó)
Ví dụ: Eating too much fast food can contribute to serious health problems.
(Việc ăn quá nhiều đồ ăn nhanh góp phần gây ra cái vấn đề sức khỏe nghiêm trọng.)

A result in B ≈ A leads to B ≈ A is the cause/reason of B

B result from A ≈ B is caused by A ≈ B is the result of A
Ví dụ:
Deforestation results in soil erosion. (Việc tàn phá rừng gây ra xói mòn đất.)
Soil erosion results from deforestation. (Sự xói mòn đất là hậu quả của việc phá
rừng.)

Facebook: Học Tiếng Anh cùng cô Diễm Hằng

9