PHARAPHRASES SOME COMMON STRUCTURES INTO THE ADVANCED ONES

I. AIMS:
- To vary your grammatical range
- To limit the use of colloquial and common use structures so that you can achieve a higher band for your writing
II. TECHNIQUES
 Remember to apply some of these structures
A. Use relative pronouns as well as reduced relative pronouns
Eg: People who intentionally committed a certain crime will receive strict punishments without any tolerance
from the jury.
 Those criminals intentionally committing a certain crime will…
Intentionally committing a certain crime, people will receive …
 Đem phần động từ rút gọn của đại từ lên đầu câu, đặt dấu phẩy khi kết thúc vế câu đó, viết vế câu
còn lại của câu ra

B. Use correct and appropriate conjunctions: so, therefore, hence, thus, consequently; because, because of, due to,
thanks to; but, however, while, whereas, although, even though, nevertheless, in spite of, despite; in addition, in
fact, that is, what’s more…
- The basic usage:
+ Strict laws can be regarded as a deterrent, therefore, law-breakers may seriously reconsider the consequences
that they have to accept before actually committing a crime.
- The advanced one:
+  Strict laws can be regarded as a deterrent, law-breakers, therefore, may seriously reconsider the
consequences that they have to accept before actually committing a crime.
 Đặt từ nối giữa sau chủ ngữ thay vì đầu vế câu.
C. Use a variety of parts of speech of vocabulary
The aging population in America has grown incrementally over the last 10 years. (Change using
different part of speech).
 There has been incremental growth in the aging population in America over the last 10 years.
D. Some paraphrasing structures you should use
 Parents and school need to join hands to educate students the harmful consequence of bullying in order to
reduce violence in school.
 It’s essential/ necessary for parents and school to join hands …
=> It’s essential/ necessary that / for SO + to do ST / it’s a strong requirement that …: thể hiện
điều gì đó rất cần thiết phải thực hiện

 This method can raise people’s awareness about global warming and encourage them to take actions to
protect the environment.
 The method is highly likely to raise …
  S + be highly/slightly likely that/unlikely that / there is a high/a slight possibility that: thể
hiện điều gì đó có khả năng xảy ra cao/thấp

 Obviously, eating fast food to excess results in many serious health problems.

Eg: It is undeniable that eating fast food to excess results in many serious health problems.
=> It is undeniable that/ it is widely accepted that …: không thể phủ nhận rằng, dùng để thể hiện điều gì ai
cũng phải công nhận

 Smog released from traffic transportation as well as factories can be the main cause for air pollution.

 Smog released from traffic transportation as well as factories can be the main culprit for air pollution.

Smog released from traffic transportation as well as factories can take high responsibility for air pollution.

Dịch thuật các câu sau

1. Tiêu thụ lượng lớn thức ăn nhanh có thể là nguyên nhân chính dẫn đến bệnh béo phì ở giới trẻ hiện nay.

2. Học vẹt là một trong những nguyên do gây trở ngại cho sự phát triển khả năng tư duy độc lập và sang tạo.

3. Việc thiếu hụt sự quan tâm và giáo dục của cha mẹ là một trong những thủ phạm gây ra những ứng xử và thái độ

không tốt của học sinh tại trường.