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1. Transport of people and goods using human muscle or power

● Self-propelled modes

2. Equipment or device used as means to transport people or goods

● Vehicle

3. It is a bridge, road, railway or similar structure that crosses over another road or railway.
● Overpass

4. Medium size often hatchback and are good for four people
● Compact

5. A piece of furniture that provides a place to sleep

● Berth

6. Type of vehicle used for conveying passengers on excursion

● Coach/bus

LEIPER'S BASIC WHOLE TOURISM

SYSTEM
Primary elements in the Tourism System:
1. At least one tourist
2. At least one tourist-generating region
3. At least one transit route region
4. At least one tourist destination
5. A travel and tourism industry

THREE DISTINCT METHODS OF HUMAN TRANSPORT

1. Self-propelled modes - transport of people and/or goods using human muscle power
Ex. Walking, running
2. Augmented modes - using technology or tools to amplify our bodily effort
Ex. Skiing, cycling
3. Fueled modes (motorized transport)
Ex. Motorcycle, car

COMPONENTS OF THE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

1. The Way
2. The Terminal
3. The Vehicle
 4. The Motive Power

THE WAY
● The medium of travel over which the vehicle operates

THE VEHICLE
● Equipment or device used as a means to transport people or goods.
Ex. bus, boat, airplane

THE TERMINAL
● Public transport terminal give the passenger access to the vehicle
● Act as an interchange between different modes of transport

THE MOTIVE POWER

Any source of energy used to produce motion.
● Horse-drawn carriages
● Steam power (Steam ships and railways)
● Internal combustion engine (road, air, water transportation)
● Jet propulsion (air transportation)
Electricity

3 DISTINCT
METHODS OF LAND
TRANSPORT
1. Human powered
2. Animal powered
3. Machine powered

HUMAN
POWERED TRANSPORT
● Transport of person (s) and/or goods using human muscle power.
● Popular form of transport due: cost-saving, leisure, physical exercise, and environment-
friendly, only type available especially in underdeveloped or inaccessible regions

1. Non-vehicular - does not involve the use of machines or equipment.

● Walking
● Running
● Swimming

Human Powered Transport

– the use of vehicles operated by using human muscle power.
● Bicycle
 ● Skateboards
● Ski

ANIMAL POWERED
TRANSPORT
● The use of working animals for the movement of people and goods.
● Humans may ride animals directly, use them as pack animals for carrying goods, or harness
them (alone or in teams) to pull sleds or wheeled vehicles.

MACHINE POWERED
TRANSPORT
● The use of machines in the transport of humans, animals and goods.
● Modern technology, has allowed machines to enhance human power.
● Combustion engine steam engine, electric motors

● PEDESTRIAN LANES - a place designated for pedestrians to cross a road safely.

● OVERPASS - is a bridge, road, railway or similar structure that crosses over another road or
railway.
● UNDERPASS - A road or pedestrian tunnel passing another road or railroad allowing people
or vehicles to go from one side to another.
● HIGHWAYS - Any public or private main road connecting major towns or cities
● EXPRESSWAYS - A type of highway which has been designated for highspeed vehicular
traffic. Provides an unhindered flow of traffic, with no traffic signals, intersections, pedestrian
lanes.

TYPES OF VEHICLES
MINI
● Smallest types of cars you can hire. It is suitable for three or four people for very short trips.
For longer trips, they're more suitable for one or two people.
ex : Kia Picanto

ECONOMY
● They are the second smallest type of car you can rent.
● They are good for city driving and suitable for four people for shorter trips, and two or three
people for longer trips.
ex : Ford Fiesta

COMPACT
● Medium-sized, often (but not always) hatchback, and are good for tour people for a shorter
trip - and two or three people for a longer trip.
ex : CHEVROLET
INTERMEDIATE (Mid-size)
● Bigger than 'compact' cars and smaller than 'standard' cars.
● These cars feature a good selection of options and can accommodate 3-4 people with some
comfort.
ex : Nissan Sentra

STANDARD
(Family Car)
● Often called "family cars". These can seat 5 people comfortably with plenty of trunk space
and amenities.
ex : Kia Sportage

LUXURY
● Great for traveling in style.
● These are cars made by high-end brands with luxury features: a sleek look, comty seats,
plush interior, and powertul engine.
● They are ideal for long trips and can accommodate 4 or more people.
ex : AUDI R8

CONVERTIBLE
● A car with a soft roof that you can put up if the weather isn't great or down if you want to
enjoy the breeze and the sun.
● It can come in most sizes: from the smallest mini size to intermediate or standard.
ex : Chevrolet Corvette

SPORT or SUB-URBAN
UTILITY VEHICLES (SUV)
● SUVs are four-wheel drive vehicles with a rugged look, set higher off the road than normal
cars.
ex : Honda CRV

MOTORHOME
● is a type of self-propelled recreational vehicle or RV which offers living accommodation
combined with a vehicle engine.
● The term motorhome is most commonly used in the United Kingdom, United States and
canada.

BERTH
● A piece of furniture that provides a place to sleep.

KITCHENETTE AREA
 ● Generally, has an oven, grill, stovetop, and sink. More luxury models may also provide a
microwave

DINETTE AREA
● A small area with a table and seating space typically used for eating meals.

WASHROOM
● Has a flushing toilet, shower and basin. The toilet sometimes swivels to provide extra room

CAB AREA
● A driver and passenger seat. These seats often swivel to become part of the living space.

LOUNGE
● Consisting of either a U-shaped sofa located in the rear of the motorhome or a side lounge.

COACH/BUS
● A type of vehicle used for conveying passengers on excursions and on longer- distance
intercity bus service.

RAIL
● A means of conveyance of passengers and goods on wheeled vehicles running on rails, also
known as tracks.
● It is also commonly referred to as train transport.
● Existed because of the need to move goods and people from one region to another
● Popular in most developed countries (China, Europe, Japan)

TYPES OF RAIL TRANSPORT

1. Passenger Train
● A passenger train travels between stations where passengers may embark and disembark.
● Railway companies: Amtrak (United States), Eurorail (Europe), High speed trains or Bullet
trains (Japan),
LRT/MRT/PNR (Philippines)

2. Freight Train
● The use of railroads and trains to transport cargo as opposed to human passengers.

WATER TRANSPORTATION
– is the practice of transporting passengers cargo through and waterways.
– Waterways are the navigable bodies of water such as rivers, lakes, seas, oceans, and canals.

River
● is a natural stream of water, usually freshwater, flowing toward an ocean, a lake, or another
 ●

stream.
● ex : Pasig River that links Laguna de Bay into Manila Bay.

Canals
● They are artificial waterways made for the purpose of irrigation or navigation or both.
Lakes
● Can be either natural like rivers or artificial like canals.
Seas
● Part of the ocean partially enclosed by land.
Ocean
● The entire body of salt water that covers more than 70 percent of the earth's surface.