Unit #3slope - Deflection

Subject :- Strength of Materials (SOM)
S.Y. B.Tech. Mechatronics
1
UNIT STRENGTH OF
MATERIALS
2
UNIT
3 References
• Text Books:
• R K Bansal, “A Textbook of Strength of Materials”, 6th Edition, Laxmi Publications, 2010
• S.S. Rattan “ Strength of Materials” Tata McGraw Hill Education (India) Pvt. Ltd., 2nd Edition (Sixth reprint 2013)
• Ramamurtham - Strength of material - Dhanpat Rai Publication.
• S.S. Bhavikatti, Mechanics of Solids, The New Age International Publishers, 2010
• B.K. Sarkar - Strength of material - Tata McGraw-Hill Education Publication.
• Reference Books:
• Ferdinand P. Beer, E. Russell Johnston and Jr.John T. DeWolf, “Mechanics of Materials”, Tata McGraw-Hill, Sixth
Edition, 2012
• G. H. Ryder- Strength of Materials- 3rd Edition, Macmillan Pub, India
• E.P. Popov - Engineering Mechanics of Solids - Prentice Hall Publication.
• Singer and Pytel - Strength of materials - Harper and row Publication.
• Andrew Pytel & Jaan Kiusalaas, Mechanics of Materials, Second Edition, Publisher, Global Engineering, 2012
• R. C. Hibbeler - Mechanics of Materials - Prentice Hall Publication.
Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 3

UNIT
3 INTRODUCTION
• The field of strength of materials, also called mechanics of materials, typically refers to
various methods of calculating the stresses and strains in structural members, such as
beams, columns, and shafts.
• The methods employed to predict the response of a structure under loading and its
susceptibility to various failure modes takes into account the properties of the
materials such as its yield strength, ultimate strength, Young's modulus, and Poisson's
ratio.
• In addition, the mechanical element's macroscopic properties (geometric properties)
such as its length, width, thickness, boundary constraints and abrupt changes in
geometry such as holes are considered.
• The theory began with the consideration of the behavior of one and two dimensional
members of structures, whose states of stress can be approximated as two
dimensional, and was then generalized to three dimensions to develop a more
complete theory of the elastic and plastic behavior of materials.
• An important founding pioneer in mechanics of materials was Stephen Timoshenko.

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3
Learners will be able to

• Derive slope and deflection equation

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3 INTRODUCTION

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3 INTRODUCTION

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3 INTRODUCTION

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3 INTRODUCTION

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3 INTRODUCTION

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3 INTRODUCTION

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3 INTRODUCTION

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3 INTRODUCTION

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3 INTRODUCTION

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3 INTRODUCTION

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3 INTRODUCTION

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3 SLOPE

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3 SLOPE

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3 INTRODUCTION

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3 MOMENT CURVATURE EQUATION

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3 DOUBLE INTEGRATION MRTHOD FOR DEFLECTION

UNIT
3 INTRODUCTION
• The results can then be summarised as follows:

• deflection = y
• Slope =
• bending moment = EI
• shear force = EI
• Load distribution = EI

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3 DOUBLE INTEGRATION METHOD

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3 MACAULAY’S METHOD

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3
 Problem1- A Cantilever beam 5m span subjected to point load of
10KN. Find Slope and Deflection.
Solution:
To find reactions
Slope and Deflection-
Use Eqm. Condition

NUMERICAL
F X = 0, 0  no load in x-dir
F Y =0,
Ay -10 =0
Ay = 10 -------(1)
M A =0,
-MA + 10 x 5 = 0
MA = 50 KN.m
UNIT
3
10KN. Find Slope and Deflection. Solution:
To find reactions
• Using the free-body diagram of the portion BC of the
beam where C is located at a distance x from end B, we
P find slope and deflection at B.
x
• Taking a section at a distance x from point B.
B l A
• Bending moment @ x-x
x=0 x=l
• M = – Px (1)
• Substituting for M into Eq. and multiplying both
members by the constant EI, we write
• EI = – Px (2)
• Integrating in x, we obtain
• EI = – Px2 + C1 (3)

UNIT
3
To find reactions
We now observe that
at the fixed end A, we have,
P
x Deflection = 0, slope = 0
B l A At point A, When, x = L, slope  = = 0
x=0 x=l Substituting these values into (3) and solving for C1,
we have
EI = – Px2 + C1
0 = – PL2 + C1
 C1 = PL2
Putting in Eq. (3)
 EI = – Px2 + PL2 (4) Slope Eq.

UNIT
3
To find reactions
 EI = – Px2 + PL2 (4)
Integrating both members of Eq. (4), we write
P
x EI y = – Px3 + PL2x + C2 (5)
B l A
x=0 x=l But, at A we have x = L, y = 0. Substituting into (5) we
have,
EI y = – Px3 + PL2x + C2
0 = – PL3 + PL3 + C2
C2 = – PL3
Carrying the value of C2 back into Eq. (5), we obtain the
equation of the elastic curve:
EI y = – Px3 + PL2x – PL3 (6) Deflection Eq.
UNIT
3
 Problem 2- A Cantilever beam 5m span subjected to UDL load of
10KN/m. Draw S.F.D. and B.M.D. Also Find Slope and Deflection.
Solution:
To find reactions
Use Eqm. Condition

NUMERICAL
F X = 0, 0  no load in x-dir
F Y =0,
Ay -10 =0
Ay = 10 -------(1)
M A =0,
-MA + 10 x 5 = 0
MA = 50 KN.m
UNIT
3
 Problem 3- A simply supported beam 10m span subjected to 50KN
point load acting at mid span of the beam. Also Find Slope and
Deflection.
SFD & BMD - NUMERICAL
Solution:
To find support reaction
Load at center hence reactions are
half-half
RA = RB= 50/2 = 25 kN
OR use Eqm Conditions
 FX = 0
= 0 .............. N o lo a d
F Y =0, RA + RB= 50-------(1)

M A =0, RB X 10 - 50 X 5 = 0
RB = 250/10= 25 kN
&
Mr. Kiran Wakchaure RA =25
Strength kN
of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 98
UNIT
3
x
We now observe that
x
L P At point A, When, x = L, slope  = = 0
Substituting these values into (3) and solving for
x=L, =0 x=0, =?
X=L, y=0 X=L, y=? C1, we have
EI = – Px2 + C1
Beer et al. 2012 0 = – PL2 + C1
 C1 = PL2
Putting in Eq. (3)

UNIT
3
x  EI = – Px2 + PL2 (4)

x
x EI y = – Px3 + PL2x + C2 (5)
x
L P
But, at A we have x = L, y = 0. Substituting into (5) we
x=L, =0 x=0, =? have,
X=L, y=0B X=L,xy=?
EI y = – Px3 + PL2x + C2
Beer et al. 2012 0 = – PL3 + PL3 + C2
C2 = – PL3
UNIT
3
x
• EI = – Px2 + PL2 (4) Slope Eq
x
x • EI y = – Px3 + PL2x – PL3 (6) Deflection Eq
L P
x=L, =0 x=0, =?

• To determine Slope at point B, put x= 0 in eqn. (4)
X=L, y=0 X=0, y=? PL2
• = ( )B = +
Beer et al. 2012 • To find Deflection at point B, put x= 0 in eqn. (6)
PL3
• =–
UNIT
3
 Problem 3- A simply supported beam 5m span subjected to
uniformly distributed load (UDL) 20 KN/m over the entire span of the
beam. Draw S.F.D. and B.M.D. Also Find Slope and Deflection.
NUMERICAL
Solution:
To find support reaction
Load is Symmetrical therfore, reactions are half-half
Total Load = 20 x 5 = = 100 KN
Reactions
RA = RB = 100/2 = 50 KN
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3
S.F. Calculation
SF at AL= 0 KN
SF at AR = + 50 KN
SF at BL = 50-100= -50 KN
SF at BR = 0 KN
NUMERICAL
B. M. Calculation
B.M. at A= 0 KN. m
B.M.at B = 0 KN. m
To find B.M.at C
Mr. Kiran Wakchaure

Strength
M = 0, 50 X 2.5 - 20 x 2.5 x 1.25 = 62.5 KN. m
C
of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 104
• A rectangular section 200 mm x 400 mm is subjected to a point load
of 20 kN inclined to the plane of the Y-axis by 30". The span of the
beam is 6 m and the load is centrally placed on the span. If E = 200
GPa, find the maximum deflection.
UNIT
• The simply supported beam ABC in Fig. (a) carries a concentrated load of 300 N
as shown. Determine the equations for the slope and deflection of the beam using
EI = 20.48  103 Nm2.
X 300N B =–   = – 0.00651 radians
.
A B
C ymax = – 0.00709 m
1m 2m
RA=200N RB=100N
(x-1)
X
X
UNIT
3 INTRODUCTION
• In practically all engineering applications limitations are placed upon

the performance and behaviour of components and normally they are
expected to operate within certain set limits of, for example, stress or
deflection.
• The stress limits are normally set so that the component does not
yield or fail under the most severe load conditions which it is likely to
meet in service.
• In certain structural or machine linkage designs, however, maximum
stress levels may not be the most severe condition for the component
in question.
UNIT
3 INTRODUCTION
• In such cases it is the limitation in the maximum deflection which

places the most severe restriction on the operation or design of the
component.
• It is evident, therefore, that methods are required to accurately
predict the deflection of members under lateral loads since it is this
form of loading which will generally
• produce the greatest deflections of beams, struts and other structural
types of members.
UNIT
3 INTRODUCTION
• The design of beams is frequently governed by rigidity rather than

strength, the computation of deflections is an integral component of
beam analysis.
• Deflections can also govern the design of machinery, cars, and
aircraft.
• In the design of a lathe, for example, the deflections must be kept
below the dimensional tolerances of the parts being machined.
• Cars and aircraft must have sufficient rigidity to control structural
vibrations.
UNIT
3 INTRODUCTION
• Deflections also play a crucial role in the analysis of statically

indeterminate beams.
• They form the bases for the compatibility equations that are needed
to supplement the equations of equilibrium, as we discovered in our
analysis of axially loaded bars and torsion of shafts.
• A number of analytical methods are available for determining the
deflections of beams.
• Their common basis is the differential equation that relates the
deflection to the bending moment.
UNIT
3 INTRODUCTION
• The solution of this equation is complicated because the bending

moment is usually a discontinuous function, so that the equations
must be integrated in a piecewise fashion.
• The various methods of deflection analysis are essentially different
techniques for solving this differential equation.
UNIT
3 INTRODUCTION
Consider a beam AB which is initially

horizontal when unloaded. If this deflects to a
new position A‘B under load, the slope at any
point C is
i=
This is usually very small in practice, and for
small curvatures
ds = dx = Rdi
=
=
UNIT
3 INTRODUCTION
• Now from the simple bending theory

• =
M= EI
•
• This is the basic differential equation for the deflection of beams
UNIT
3 INTRODUCTION
• If the beam is now assumed to carry a
distributed loading which varies in intensity
over the length of the beam, then a small
element of the beam of length dx will be
subjected to the loading condition shown in
Fig.
• The parts of the beam on either side of the
element EFGH carry the externally applied
forces, while reactions to these forces are
shown on the element itself.
• Thus for vertical equilibrium of EFGH,
• Q-wdx = Q-Dq
• dQ = wdx
UNIT
3 INTRODUCTION
• and integrating, Q = wdx

• Also, for equilibrium, moments about any point must be zero.
• Therefore taking moments about F,
• (M+dM) + wdx = M + Qdx
• Therefore neglecting the square of small quantities,
• dM = Qdx
• and integrating,
•M= dx
UNIT
3 INTRODUCTION
• The results can then be summarised as follows:

• deflection = y
• Slope =
• bending moment = EI
• shear force = EI
• Load distribution = EI
UNIT
3 INTRODUCTION
The following procedure assumes that EI is constant in each segment of the beam:
• Sketch the elastic curve of the beam, taking into account the boundary conditions:
• Use the method of sections to determine the bending moment M at an arbitrary
distance x from the origin.
• Always show M acting in the positive direction on the free-body diagram
• If the loading has discontinuities, a separate expression for M must be obtained for
each segment between the discontinuities.
• By integrating the expressions for M twice, obtain an expression for EIy in each
segment.
• Do not forget to include the constants of integration.
• Evaluate the constants of integration from the boundary conditions and the
continuity conditions on slope and deflection between segments.
UNIT
3 INTRODUCTION
• Derive slope and deflection equation for Cantilever with point load
UNIT
3 Cantilever with point load
• The cantilever beam AB is of uniform cross

section and carries a load P at its free end B.
• Determine the equation of the elastic curve and
the where C is located at a distance x from end
Pytel, 2011
B, we find and slope at B.
Beer et al. 2012
UNIT
3
Cantilever beam
Fixed end (A) Free end (B)

Slope =0 x=L, =0 Slope =? x=0, =?
Deflection = 0 X=L, y=0 Deflection = ? X=0, y=?

Beer et al. 2012
UNIT
3
x
• Using the free-body diagram of the portion BC of the
beam where C is located at a distance x from end B, we
find slope and deflection at B.
x
x
L • M = – Px (1)
A
• Substituting for M into Eq. and multiplying both
Beer et al. 2012 members by the constant EI, we write
• EI = – Px (2)
+ve • Integrating in x, we obtain
-ve
• EI = – Px2 + C1 (3)
RHS
UNIT
3
x
We now observe that
x
L P At point A, When, x = L, slope  = = 0
Substituting these values into (3) and solving for
x=L, =0 x=0, =?
X=L, y=0 X=L, y=? C1, we have
EI = – Px2 + C1
Beer et al. 2012 0 = – PL2 + C1
 C1 = PL2
Putting in Eq. (3)
UNIT
3
x  EI = – Px2 + PL2 (4)

x
x EI y = – Px3 + PL2x + C2 (5)
x
L P
But, at A we have x = L, y = 0. Substituting into (5) we
x=L, =0 x=0, =? have,
X=L, y=0B X=L,xy=?
EI y = – Px3 + PL2x + C2
Beer et al. 2012 0 = – PL3 + PL3 + C2
C2 = – PL3
UNIT
3
x
• EI = – Px2 + PL2 (4) Slope Eq
x
x • EI y = – Px3 + PL2x – PL3 (6) Deflection Eq
L P
x=L, =0 x=0, =?

• To determine Slope at point B, put x= 0 in eqn. (4)
X=L, y=0 X=0, y=? PL2
• = ( )B = +
Beer et al. 2012 • To find Deflection at point B, put x= 0 in eqn. (6)
PL3
• =–
UNIT
3
UNIT
3
References
• Text Books:
• Ferdinand P. Beer, E. Russell Johnston and Jr.John T. DeWolf “Mechanics of Materials”, Tata McGraw-Hill, Sixth Edition,
2012
• R. C. Hibbeler - Mechanics of Materials - Prentice Hall Publication, eighth edition, 2012.
UNIT
3

• Derive slope and deflection equation for SSB with point load
UNIT
3
Cantilever with uniformly distributed load
UNIT
3
Cantilever beam
Fixed end (A) Free end (B)

Slope =0 x=L, =0 Slope =? x=0, =?
Deflection = 0 X=L, y=0 Deflection = ? X=0, y=?

Beer et al. 2012
UNIT
3
• Using the free-body diagram of the portion BC of the beam

x where C is located at a distance x from end B, we find slope and
W kN/m
deflection at B.
y
x • Bending moment @ x-x
x
L • M=– (1)
x=L, =0 x=0, =? • Substituting for M into Eq. and multiplying both members by
X=L, y=0 X=L, y=? the constant EI, we write
• EI =– (2) +ve
• Integrating in x, we obtain -ve
RHS
• EI =– + C1 (3)
UNIT
3
• We now observe that

x • at the fixed end A, we have,
W kN/m
• Deflection = 0, slope = 0
δ • At point A, When, x = L, slope  = =0
x
x • Substituting these values into (3) and solving for C1, we have
L
• EI =– + C1
x=L, =0 x=0, =?
X=L, y=0 X=L, y=? • 0=– + C1
 C1 =
• Putting in Eq. (3)
 EI =– + (4) Slope Eq
UNIT
3
 EI =– + (4)
x
W kN/m • Integrating both members of Eq. (4), we write
δ • EI y = – + x + C2 (5)
x
x • But, at A we have x = L, deflection y = 0. Substituting into (5)
L we have,
x=L, =0 x=0, =? • EI y = – + + C2
X=L, y=0 X=L, y=?
• 0=– + + C2 C2 = –
• Carrying the value of C2 back into Eq. (5), we obtain the
• EI y = – + x– (6) Deflection Eq
UNIT
3
• EI =– + (4) Slope Eq
x
W kN/m
• EI y = – + x– (6) Deflection Eq
δ
x • To determine Slope at point B, put x= 0 in eqn. (4)
x
L • = ( )B =
x=L, =0 x=0, =? • To find Deflection at point A, put x= 0 in eqn. (6)
X=L, y=0 X=L, y=?
• =–
UNIT
3
References
• Text Books:
2012
UNIT
3

• Derive slope and deflection equation for SSB with point load
UNIT
3
UNIT
3
Simply Supported beam
RA = RB=
Mid Point (C) End Support (B)

End Support (A)
Slope =? x=L, =? Slope =0 x= , =0 Slope =? x=0, =?
Deflection = 0 X=L, y=0 Deflection = ? x= , y=? Deflection = 0 X=0, y=0

Beer et al. 2012
UNIT
3
x • Using the free-body diagram of the portion BC of the

x beam where C is located at a distance from end B, we
RB= find slope at points A & B and deflection at C.
RA =
x x • Taking a section at a distance x from point B.
x=L, =? x= , =0 x=0, =? • Bending moment @ x-x
X=L, y=0 x= , y=? X=0, y=0 • M=+ x (1)
• Substituting for M into Eq. and multiplying both members
by the constant EI, we write
+ve
• EI =+ x (2)
-ve
• Integrating wrt x, we obtain
RHS • EI = + C1 (3)
UNIT
3
x • We now observe that at the mid point C,Slope = 0,

x • At point C, When, x = , slope  = =0
RB=
RA = • Substituting these values into (3) and solving for C1, we
x x
have
x=L, =? x= , =0 x=0, =?
• EI = + C1
X=L, y=0 x= , y=? X=0, y=0
• 0= + C1
 C1 = –
 EI = – (4) Slope Eq
UNIT
3
x
x
RB= • Integrating both members of Eq. (4), we write
RA = x
x • EI y = – x + C2 (5)
x=L, =? x= , =0 x=0, =? • But, at B we have x = 0, deflection y = 0. Substituting
into (5) we have,
X=L, y=0 x= , y=? X=0, y=0
• EI y = – x + C2
• 0 = 0 – 0 + C2 C2 = 0
• EI y = – x (6) Deflection Eq
UNIT
3
x
x
RB=
RA = • EI y = – x (6) Deflection Eq
x x
x=L, =? x= , =0 x=0, =?

• To determine Slope at point A and B, put x= 0 in
eqn. (4)
X=L, y=0 x= , y=? X=0, y=0
• = = ( )B = –
• To find Deflection at point C, put x= in eqn. (6)
• = –
• =–
UNIT
3
UNIT
3
References
• Text Books:
2012
UNIT
3

• Derive slope and deflection equation for SSB with UDL
UNIT
3
UNIT
3
UNIT
3
Simply Supported beam
𝒘𝑳
RA = 𝒘𝑳
𝟐 RB=
𝟐
Mid Point (C) End Support (B)

End Support (A)
Slope =0 x=L, =? Slope =0 x= , =0 Slope =? x=0, =?
Deflection = 0 X=L, y=0 Deflection = ? x= , y=? Deflection = 0 X=0, y=0

Beer et al. 2012
UNIT
3
x • Using the free-body diagram of the portion BC of the

x beam where C is located at a distance from end B, we
RB= find slope at points A & B and deflection at C.
RA =
x x • Taking a section at a distance x from point B.
x=L, =? x=0, =?
x= , =0
• M=+ x– (1)
X=L, y=0 x= , y=? X=0, y=0
• Substituting for M into Eq. and multiplying both members
by the constant EI, we write
• EI =+ x– (2)
+ve • Integrating wrt x, we obtain
-ve • EI + – + C1 (3)
RHS
UNIT
3
x • We now observe that at the mid point C,Slope = 0,

x • At point C, When, x = , slope  = =0
RB=
RA = • Substituting these values into (3) and solving for C1, we
x x
have
x=L, =? x= , =0 x=0, =?
• EI =+ – + C1
X=L, y=0 x= , y=? X=0, y=0
• 0 =+ – + C1
 C1 = –
 EI =+ – – (4) Slope Eq
UNIT
3
x
 EI =+ – – (4) Slope Eq
x
RB= • Integrating both members of Eq. (4), we write
RA =
x x • EI y =+ – +C1 x +C2 (5)
x=L, =? x= , =0 x=0, =? • But, at B we have x = 0, deflection y = 0. Substituting
into (5) we have,
X=L, y=0 x= , y=? X=0, y=0
• EI y =+ – +C1 x +C2
• 0 = 0 – 0 +0 + C2 C2 = 0
• EI y =+ – – x (6) Deflection Eq
UNIT
3
x
 EI =+ – – (4) Slope Eq
x
RB=
RA = • EI y =+ – – x (6) Deflection Eq
x x
x=L, =? x= , =0 x=0, =?

• To determine Slope at point A and B, put x= 0 in
eqn. (4)
X=L, y=0 x= , y=? X=0, y=0
• = = ( )B = –
• To find Deflection at point C, put x= in eqn. (6)
• = – –
• =–
UNIT
3
References
• Text Books:
2012
UNIT
3

• determine slope and deflection by Macaulay’s method
UNIT
3 Macaulay’s method
• The simple integration method used in the previous examples

can only be used when a single expression for B.M. applies
along the complete length of the beam. In general this is not
the case, and the method has to be adapted to cover all
loading conditions.
UNIT
3
• The simply supported beam ABC in Fig. (a) carries a concentrated load of 300 N
as shown. Determine the equations for the slope and deflection of the beam using
EI = 20.48  103 Nm2.
X 300N B =–   = – 0.00651 radians
.
A B
C ymax = – 0.00709 m
1m 2m
RA=200N RB=100N
(x-1)
X
X
UNIT
3
X 300N • The dashed line represents the elastic curve of

A B
the beam. Using the free body diagram in Fig. ,
C
1m 2m we obtain the following global bending moment
RA=200N RB=100N equation:
(x-1)
• M = 100x – 300(x – 2) N-m (1)
• Substituting Eq. (1) into the differential
X equation of the elastic curve and integrating
X
twice, we obtain
x=L, =? x=2, =? x=0, =?
• EI = 100x – 300(x – 2) N-m (2)
X=L, y=0 x=2, y=? X=0, y=0
• EI = 50 x2 + c1 – 150 (x – 2)2 N-m2 (3)
• EIy = x3 +c1 x+ c2 – 50 (x – 2)3 N-m3 (4)
UNIT
3
X 300N • To evaluate the constants of integration C1 and

A B
C2, we apply the following boundary
C
1m 2m conditions:
RA=200N RB=100N • no deflection at B due to the simple support).
(x-1)
Substituting y = 0 into Eq. (4) and recalling that
(0 – 2)3 = 0, we get
X
X • EIy = x3 +c1 x+ c2 – 50 (x – 2)3 N-m3 (4)
x=L, =? x=0, =?
x=2, =? • EIy = x3 +c1 x+ c2 N-m3
X=L, y=0 x=2, y=? X=0, y=0 • 0 = 0 +0+ C2 = 0 C2 = 0
UNIT
3
X 300N • To evaluate the constants of integration C1 and

A B
C2, we apply the following boundary
C
1m 2m conditions:
RA=200N RB=100N • no deflection at A due to the simple support).
(x-1)
Substituting y = 0 into Eq. (4)
• EIy = x3 +c1 x+ c2 – 50 (x – 2)3 N-m3 (4)
X
X
• 0= (3)3 +c1 (3)+ 0 – 50 (3 – 2)3 N-m3
x=L, =? x=2, =? x=0, =?
C1 = – N-m2
X=L, y=0 x=2, y=? X=0, y=0
UNIT
3
X 300N
A B • EI = 50 x2 – – 150 (x – 2)2 N-m2 (5) Slope
C eqn.
1m 2m
RA=200N RB=100N
• Slope at B , x=0
(x-1)
• EI B = 50 x2 –
X • =– = – 0.00651 radians
X
B  . 
x=0, =?
• (-ve) sign indicates tha angle made by tangent is
x=L, =? x=2, =? anticlockwise
X=L, y=0 x=2, y=? X=0, y=0
UNIT
3
X 300N
A B • EI = 50 x2 – – 150 (x – 2)2 N-m2 (5) Slope
C eqn.
1m 2m
RA=200N RB=100N
• Slope at C , x= 2 m
(x-1)
• EI B = 50 (22) –
.
X • B= = 0.003255 radians
X . 
x=0, =?
• (+ve) sign indicates tha angle made by tangent is
x=L, =? x=2, =? clockwise
X=L, y=0 x=2, y=? X=0, y=0
UNIT
3
X 300N
A B • EI = 50 x2 – – 150 (x – 2)2 N-m2 (5) Slope
C eqn.
1m 2m
RA=200N RB=100N
• Slope at A , x= 3 m
(x-1)
• EI B = 50 (32) – – 150 (3 – 2)2
.
X • B= = 0.008138 radians
X . 
x=0, =?
• (+ve) sign indicates tha angle made by tangent is
x=L, =? x=2, =? clockwise
X=L, y=0 x=2, y=? X=0, y=0
UNIT
3
X 300N
A B • EIy = x3 – x+ c2 – 50 (x-2)3 N-m3 (6) deflection
C eqn
1m 2m
RA=200N RB=100N
• Deflection at C, put x=2 in eqn (6)
(x-1)
• EIy = 23 – x2
X
• yc = – 0.00651 m
X
x=L, =? x=2, =? x=0, =?
X=L, y=0 x=2, y=? X=0, y=0
UNIT
3
X 300N
A B • EI = 50 x2 – – 150 (x – 2)2 N-m2 (5) Slope eqn.
C The deflection is maximum where slope is zero
1m 2m
RA=200N RB=100N 0 = 50 x2 – 50 x2 =
(x-1) x = 1.63 m from point B. At this point deflection is max.
X
X • EIy = (1.63)3 – (1.63) N-m3 (6) deflection eqn
x=L, =? x=0, =? • ymax = – 0.00709 m

x=2, =?
X=L, y=0 x=2, y=? X=0, y=0
UNIT
3
References
• Text Books:
2012
UNIT
3

• determine slope and deflection by Macaulay’s method
UNIT
3
x
40kN
20kN/m
A C
B D
2m 2m 2m
RA RD=33.33 kN
(x-4)
(x-2)
x
x
UNIT
3
• The dashed line represents the elastic curve of the beam.

x Using the free body diagram in Fig. , we obtain the
40kN following global bending moment equation:
20kN/m
A • M = 33.33x – 40(x – 2) – (x – 4)2 N-m (1)

B C D
2m 2m 2m • Substituting Eq. (1) into the differential equation of the
RA RD=33.33 kN elastic curve and integrating twice, we obtain
(x-4)
• EI = 33.33x – 40(x – 2) – (x – 4)2 N-m (2)
(x-2) .
• EI = x2 + c1 – (x – 2)2 – (x – 3)3 N-m2 (3)
x
.
x • EIy = x3 +c1x+ c2 – (x – 2)3 – (x – 3)4 N-m3
(4)
UNIT
3
• To evaluate the constants of integration C1 and C2, we

x
40kN apply the following boundary conditions:
20kN/m
• no deflection at B due to the simple support).
A C Substituting y = 0 into Eq. (4) and recalling that (0 – 2)3
B D
2m 2m 2m
= 0, we get
RA RD=33.33 kN• At point B, x=0, y= 0
(x-4)
.
• EIy = x3 +c1x+ c2 – (x – 2)3 – (x – 3)4 N-m3
(x-2) .
• EIy = x3 +c1x+ c2 N-m3
x
x • 0 = 0 +0+ C2 = 0 C2 = 0
UNIT
3
• To evaluate the constants of integration C1 and C2, we

x apply the following boundary conditions:
40kN
20kN/m • no deflection at A due to the simple support). Substituting
A
at point A, x=5, y = 0 into Eq. (4)
B C D .
2m 2m 2m • EIy = x3 +c1x+ c2 – (x – 2)3 – (x – 3)4 N-m3
RA RD=33.33 kN .
(x-4) • 0= x63 +c1x6+ 0 – (6 – 2)3 – (6 – 3)4 N-m3
(x-2)
C1 = -126.67 N-m2
x
x
UNIT
3
x .
40kN
EI = x2 + c1 – (x – 2)2 – (x – 3)3 N-m2
20kN/m
A
Slope at point D. Put X= 0 in slope eqn.
B C D .
EI = x2 + c1
2m 2m 2m
RD=33.33 kN EI = 0 -126.67
RA (x-4)
.
D= = – 0.00844 radians

(x-2)
(-ve) sign indicates tha angle made by tangent is
x anticlockwise
x
UNIT
3
x .
40kN
EI = x2 + c1 – (x – 2)2 – (x – 3)3 N-m2
20kN/m
A
Slope at point A. Put X= 6 in slope eqn.
B C D .
EI = x2 + c1 – (x – 2)2 – (x – 3)3
2m 2m 2m
RD=33.33 kN .
= = 0.004844 radians
RA (x-4) 
(+ve) sign indicates tha angle made by tangent is
(x-2) clockwise
x
x
UNIT
3
x Assuming the deflection to be maximum in the

40kN
20kN/m portion BC. SO, equation slope to Zero
A C
B D .
2m 2m 2m EI = x2 + c1 – (x – 2)2 – (x – 3)3 N-m2
RA RD=33.33 kN
(x-4)
.
0= x2 – 126.67– (x – 2)2
(x-2)
x x = 2.945 m
x
UNIT
3
x Maximum BM
40kN
20kN/m
.
A EIy = x3 +c1x+ c2 – (x – 2)3 – (x – 3)4 N-m3
B C D
2m 2m 2m .
RA RD=33.33 kN ymax = 2 – 126.67– (2.945 – 2)2
(x-4)
(x-2) ymax = -15.8 mm

x
x
UNIT
2
THANK YOU...
174
UNIT
3

Unit #3slope - Deflection

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Unit #3slope - Deflection

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Subject :- Strength of Materials (SOM)

S.Y. B.Tech. Mechatronics

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 3

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 4

Learners will be able to

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 5

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 6

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 7

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 8

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 9

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 10

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 11

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 12

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 13

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 14

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 15

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 16

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 17

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 18

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 19

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 20

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 21

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 22

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 24

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 25

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 26

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 27

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 28

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 29

• The results can then be summarised as follows:

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 30

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 31

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 32

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 33

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 34

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 35

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 36

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 37

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 38

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 39

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 40

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 41

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 42

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 43

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 44

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 45

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 46

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 47

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 48

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 49

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 50

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 51

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 52

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 53

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 54

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 55

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 56

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 57

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 58

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 59

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 60

Mr. Kiran Wakchaure Strength of Materials SANJIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOPARGAON 61