LTE Transmission Mode 9 (TM9)

Feature Overview
80-NM107-1 A

Confidential and Proprietary – Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.

Restricted Distribution: Not to be distributed to anyone who is not an employee of either Qualcomm or its subsidiaries without the express approval of Qualcomm’s Configuration Management.
Confidential and Proprietary – Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.

Confidential and Proprietary – Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.

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PAGE 2 80-NM107-1 A Jan 2014 Confidential and Proprietary – Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. | MAY CONTAIN U.S. AND INTERNATIONAL EXPORT CONTROLLED INFORMATION
Revision History

Revision Date Description

A Jan 2014 Initial release

PAGE 3 80-NM107-1 A Jan 2014 Confidential and Proprietary – Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. | MAY CONTAIN U.S. AND INTERNATIONAL EXPORT CONTROLLED INFORMATION
Contents

 TM9 Overview
 UE-Specific Reference Symbol
 TM9 Ant Port Configuration
 TM8 UE-RS Dual Layer Ant Port 7/8
 TM9 UE-RS Ant Ports 7 to 14
 TM9 DCI 2C Allocation
 Downlink RS for CSI-RS
 CSI-RS
 CSI-RS Configuration (Normal CP)
 RS in LTE
 CSI-RS/TM9 Support in Dime/Bolt
 TM9 Transmission Schemes (on DL)
 TM9 Feedback
 TM9 Feedback Based on CSI-RS
 Log Snippets
 References
 Questions?
PAGE 4 80-NM107-1 A Jan 2014 Confidential and Proprietary – Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. | MAY CONTAIN U.S. AND INTERNATIONAL EXPORT CONTROLLED INFORMATION
TM9 Overview

 LTE was introduced in Rel 8 with 7 transmission modes that were

increased to 8 in Rel 9.
 In Rel 10 (LTE-A), 3GPP introduced a new transmission mode, TM9. TM9
is designed to help reduce interference and boost performance (cell-edge
data rates) with a minimal addition of overhead.

Downlink transmission modes

Uplink feedback required
Mode Release Purpose CQI RI PMI
1 8 Single antenna transmission 
2 8 Open loop Tx diversity 
3 8 Open loop spatial multiplexing  
4 8 Closed loop spatial multiplexing   
5 8 Multiple user MIMO  
6 8 Closed loop Tx diversity  
7 8 Beam forming 
8 9 Dual layer beam forming  Configurable
9 10 Eight layer spatial multiplexing  Configurable

PAGE 5 80-NM107-1 A Jan 2014 Confidential and Proprietary – Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. | MAY CONTAIN U.S. AND INTERNATIONAL EXPORT CONTROLLED INFORMATION
TM9 Overview (cont.)

 TM9 extends the concept of MIMO to 8 transmission layers. It supports

both SU-MIMO and MU-MIMO, and it is possible to switch between two
modes dynamically.
 In TM9, the following Reference Signals (RS) are for different purposes of
demodulation, Channel State Feedback (CSF), and measurements.
 CSI-RS – CSF computation
 UE-RS – Demod of PDSCH
 CRS-RS – Mobility measurements, CCH/PBCH demod

PAGE 6 80-NM107-1 A Jan 2014 Confidential and Proprietary – Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. | MAY CONTAIN U.S. AND INTERNATIONAL EXPORT CONTROLLED INFORMATION
UE-Specific Reference Symbol

 UE-RS (also known as DMRS) can be directed toward the UE using the
same beam-forming techniques and antenna port as Physical Downlink
Shared Channel (PDSCH).
 Rel 8 supports UE-RS on antenna port 5
 Single user, single layer beam forming
 Multiple users, single layer beam forming
 Rel 9 added support for UE-RS on antenna ports 7 to 8
 Single user, dual layer 2x2 MIMO beam forming
 2 users, dual layer 2x2 beam forming
 4 users, single layer beam forming
 Rel 10 added support for UE-RS on antenna ports 9 to14
 Single user, 8 layer beam forming for 8x8 MIMO
 Rel 10 also added CSI-RS antenna ports 15 to 22

PAGE 7 80-NM107-1 A Jan 2014 Confidential and Proprietary – Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. | MAY CONTAIN U.S. AND INTERNATIONAL EXPORT CONTROLLED INFORMATION
TM9 Ant Port Configuration

 The UE-specific RSs (TM8/TM9) are embedded in the RBs used for the
PDSCH for a specific UE. The UE-specific RS for each layer undergoes
the same precoding as the data symbols, and therefore there is no need
for explicit signaling of precoding information to the UE.
 For Rel 10, the UE-specific RS pattern for up to 2 layers (referred to as
“rank-2” transmission) is identical to that defined in Rel 9 in order to
ensure backward compatibility. The pattern is obtained by extending the
Rel 9 rank-2 UE-specific RS pattern in a hybrid CDM/FDM fashion for up
to 4 layers.
 Orthogonal Covering Codes (OCC) are used to keep UE-RS orthogonals
from each other.

PAGE 8 80-NM107-1 A Jan 2014 Confidential and Proprietary – Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. | MAY CONTAIN U.S. AND INTERNATIONAL EXPORT CONTROLLED INFORMATION
TM8 UE-RS Dual Layer Ant Port 7/8

 UE-RS dual layer ant port 7/8 TM8 MU-MIMO (Rel 9)

PAGE 9 80-NM107-1 A Jan 2014 Confidential and Proprietary – Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. | MAY CONTAIN U.S. AND INTERNATIONAL EXPORT CONTROLLED INFORMATION
TM9 UE-RS Ant Ports 7 to 14

 The four precoded layers (antenna ports 7 to 10) are grouped into two
groups of 2 (as in Rel 9). The UE-specific RS in different groups are
frequency-multiplexed on adjacent subcarriers.

PAGE 10 80-NM107-1 A Jan 2014 Confidential and Proprietary – Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. | MAY CONTAIN U.S. AND INTERNATIONAL EXPORT CONTROLLED INFORMATION
TM9 DCI 2C Allocation

 To schedule data using TM9, a new DCI format 2C is introduced in LTE

Rel 10. DCI 2C is based upon DCI format 2B, which is used for TM8. The
number of layers can also be defined dynamically. The base station can
schedule data on layers one to eight (antenna port 7 to 7+n).
 The maximum number of code words supported in TM9 is two, even for 8
antenna ports. This is the same as the maximum supported in a different
transmission mode in LTE Rel 8 and 9.
 TM9 benefits are:
 High cell edge data rates
 Better interference handling by base station
 Improved coverage
 TM9 can be combined with carrier aggregation and eICIC to create a
highly spectrum-efficient network.

PAGE 11 80-NM107-1 A Jan 2014 Confidential and Proprietary – Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. | MAY CONTAIN U.S. AND INTERNATIONAL EXPORT CONTROLLED INFORMATION
Downlink RS for CSI-RS

 The main goal of CSI-RS is to obtain CSF for up to 8 Tx antenna ports to

assist the eNodeB in its precoding operations. Rel 10 supports
transmission of CSI-RS for 1, 2, 4, and 8 Tx antenna ports. CSI-RS also
enables the UE to estimate the CSI for multiple cells rather than just its
serving cell, to support future multicell cooperative transmission schemes.
 In the time domain, it is desirable to minimize the number of subframes
containing CSI-RS so that the UE can estimate the CSI for different
antenna ports and even different cells with a minimal wakeup duty cycle
when the UE is in Discontinuous Reception (DRX) mode to preserve
battery life.

PAGE 12 80-NM107-1 A Jan 2014 Confidential and Proprietary – Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. | MAY CONTAIN U.S. AND INTERNATIONAL EXPORT CONTROLLED INFORMATION
CSI-RS

 The overall CSI-RS overhead involves a tradeoff between accurate CSI

estimation for efficient operation and minimizing the impact on legacy
pre-Rel 10 UEs that are unaware of the presence of CSI-RS and whose
data is punctured by the CSI-RS transmissions.
 To ensure backward compatibility, CSI-RS should avoid Resource
Elements (REs) used for cell-specific RS and control channels, as well as
avoid REs used for the Rel 10 UE-specific RS.
 The CSI-RS of different antenna ports within a cell should be orthogonally
multiplexed to enable accurate CSI estimation.

PAGE 13 80-NM107-1 A Jan 2014 Confidential and Proprietary – Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. | MAY CONTAIN U.S. AND INTERNATIONAL EXPORT CONTROLLED INFORMATION
CSI-RS (cont.)

 CSI-RSs are transmitted from ports 15 to 22.

 1, 2, 4, and 8 CSI-RS port configuration allowed
 CSI-RS density is 1 RE/port/PRB (frequency periodicity of 12 REs)
 Configurable periodicity of 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 ms with subframe offsets
 CSI-RS only defined for 15 kHz tone spacing
 Multiple CSI-RS configurations can be signaled to the UE through higher
layer dedicated signaling.
 Zero or one nonzero power CSI-RS configuration
 Zero or more zero power CSI-RS configurations

PAGE 14 80-NM107-1 A Jan 2014 Confidential and Proprietary – Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. | MAY CONTAIN U.S. AND INTERNATIONAL EXPORT CONTROLLED INFORMATION
CSI-RS (cont.)

 The REs used for CSI-RSs are labeled using two letters, the first
indicating the cell index and the second referring to the antenna ports of
the CSI-RS transmitted on that RE.
 The total number of supported antenna ports is 40, which can be used to
give a frequency-reuse factor of 5 between cells with 8 antenna ports per
cell, or a factor of 20 in the case of 2 antenna ports.

PAGE 15 80-NM107-1 A Jan 2014 Confidential and Proprietary – Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. | MAY CONTAIN U.S. AND INTERNATIONAL EXPORT CONTROLLED INFORMATION
CSI-RS Configuration (Normal CP)

 FDD and TDD patterns

 TDD only patterns

PAGE 16 80-NM107-1 A Jan 2014 Confidential and Proprietary – Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. | MAY CONTAIN U.S. AND INTERNATIONAL EXPORT CONTROLLED INFORMATION
RS in LTE

 Different types of RS in LTE are used for different purposes.

 Demodulation of different channels (control, data)
 CSF (CQI/PMI/RI/PTI)
 RLM and RRM (RSRP, RSRQ)
 Frequency/Time tracking loops, COM

Transmission
PDSCH Demod CSI
mode
1 to 6 (Rel 8+) CRS (port 0 to 3) CRS (port 0 to 3)
7 (Rel 8+) UE-RS (port 5) CRS (port 0 to 3)
8 (Rel 9+) UE-RS (port 7 to 8) CRS (port 0 to 3)
9 (Rel 10+) UE-RS (port 7 to 14) CSI-RS (port 15 to 22)
10 (Rel 11+) UE-RS (port 7 to 14) CSI-RS (port 15 to 22)

PAGE 17 80-NM107-1 A Jan 2014 Confidential and Proprietary – Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. | MAY CONTAIN U.S. AND INTERNATIONAL EXPORT CONTROLLED INFORMATION
CSI-RS/TM9 Support in Dime/Bolt

 Dime 1.0 is the Rel 10 modem supporting all of its mandatory features.
 Dime 1.0 is CSI-RS aware and hence is functional in the Rel 10 network.
 CSI-RS config IE in PhysicalConfigDedicated IE of RRC signaling
 Detection of CSI-RS presence in each subframe
 Correct collision handling and rate matching of different channels in the presence of
CSI-RS
 TM9 is not mandatory in Rel 10 and not supported in Dime 1.0.
 CSI-RS not processed in the Dime modem.
 TM9 transmission is supported in Dime 3.0 and Bolt 1.0, which, in addition
to CSI-RS awareness, requires:
 CSI-RS processing
 UE-RS processing for up to 2 layers
 CSI feedback with up to 8 Tx antennas (4Tx on Dime 3.0)
 Unicast transmission in MBSFN subframes with UE-RS 7, 8
 Support of new control format (DCI-2C)

PAGE 18 80-NM107-1 A Jan 2014 Confidential and Proprietary – Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. | MAY CONTAIN U.S. AND INTERNATIONAL EXPORT CONTROLLED INFORMATION
TM9 Transmission Schemes (on DL)

 Transmission schemes supported for TM9-configured UE with C-RNTI

and SPS-C-RNTI

Transmission DCI format Search Space Transmission scheme

Transmission DCI format Search space Transmission scheme
C-RNTI configured DCI format 1A Common and Non-MBSFN subframe:
C-RNTI-configured
transmission DCI format 1A Common and
UE specific by C-RNTI  Non-MBSFN
Single-antenna port 0 for 1subframe
CRS cases,
transmission UE-specific by C-RNTI  Single-antenna port 0 for 1 CRS
Tx diversity for 2,4 CRS case
MBSFN subframe:
caseport, port 7
Single-antenna
DCI format 2C UE specific by C-RNTI Up to  Tx transmission,
8 layer diversity portsfor 2,
7-144 CRS case
Single-antenna port, port 7 or 8
 MBSFN subframe
SPS-C-RNTI DCI format 1A Common and Single-antenna port, port 7
configured UE specific by C-RNTI  Single-antenna port, port 7
transmission DCI format 2C UE specific by C-RNTI Single-antenna port, port 7 or 8
DCI format 2C UE-specific by C-RNTI  Up to 8 layer transmission, ports 7 to
14
 Single-antenna port, port 7 or 8
SPS-C-RNTI- DCI format 1A Common and Single-antenna port, port 7
configured UE-specific by C-RNTI
transmission
DCI format 2C UE-specific by C-RNTI Single-antenna port, port 7 or 8

PAGE 19 80-NM107-1 A Jan 2014 Confidential and Proprietary – Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. | MAY CONTAIN U.S. AND INTERNATIONAL EXPORT CONTROLLED INFORMATION
TM9 Feedback

 If PMI-RI-Report is not configured by higher layers, CQI report is based on

CRS (SIMO/Tx diversity based on the number of CRS ports).
 If PMI-RI-Report is configured with 1 CSI-RS port, CQI is computed based
on CSI-RS and assuming SIMO transmission mode.
 For both cases above, the following CQI report types are supported
 PUSCH – Mode 2-0 (UE selected subband CQI), 3-0 (network-configured
subband CQI)
 PUCCH – Mode 1-0 (wideband CQI), 2-0 (UE-selected subband CQI)
 If PMI-RI-Report is configured with > 1 CSI-RS port, CQI, PMI, RI, and PTI
are reported as described in the next slide.

PAGE 20 80-NM107-1 A Jan 2014 Confidential and Proprietary – Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. | MAY CONTAIN U.S. AND INTERNATIONAL EXPORT CONTROLLED INFORMATION
TM9 Feedback Based on CSI-RS

 For TM9 with 2, 4, 8 CSI-RS ports and PMI-RI-Report configured:

 CQI/PMI feedback modes of Rel 9 are reused and extended for TM9
 Periodic and aperiodic feedback is supported
 Feedback framework for 2, 4 CSI-RS ports is similar to Rel 9 TM4 transmission
 Reuse 2Tx and 4Tx code book of Rel 8/9 for TM4
 No changes in RI/PMI/CQI report
 For 8 CSI-RS ports, a new 8Tx code book is introduced and CSI feedback
modes are extended

PAGE 21 80-NM107-1 A Jan 2014 Confidential and Proprietary – Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. | MAY CONTAIN U.S. AND INTERNATIONAL EXPORT CONTROLLED INFORMATION
Log Snippets

 AntennaInfo-r10 for TM9 is included in the received physicalConfigDedicated.

 CSI-RS Rel 10 configuration is included in the received physicalConfigDedicated.

 In the case below, the network is configuring CSI-RS for 2 antenna ports.

 TM9 support is mandatory with the Feature Group Indicator (FGI) bit.
 FGI bits 103, 105 need to be enabled (TM9 with up to 4 CSI-RS ports for both FDD and
TDD)

PAGE 22 80-NM107-1 A Jan 2014 Confidential and Proprietary – Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. | MAY CONTAIN U.S. AND INTERNATIONAL EXPORT CONTROLLED INFORMATION
References

Ref. Document

Qualcomm Technologies
Q1 Application Note: Software Glossary for Customers CL93-V3077-1

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 Questions?
https://support.cdmatech.com

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