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Edition 1 .0 201 5-03

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Pl as m a d i s pl ay pan el s –

Part 2 -6: M eas u ri n g m eth od s – AP L d epe n d en t g am m a an d col ou r

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IEC 61 988-2-6:201 5-03(en)
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 I E C 61 9 8 8 -2 -6
®
Edition 1 .0 201 5-03

I N TE RN ATI ON AL

S TAN D ARD

colour
in sid e

Pl as m a d i s pl ay pan el s –

P art 2 -6: M eas u ri n g m eth od s – AP L d epe n d en t g am m a an d col ou r

ch aracteri s ti cs

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION

ICS 31 .260 ISBN 978-2-8322-2399-4

Warn i n g ! M ake s u re th at you obtai n ed th i s pu bl i cati on from an au th ori zed d i s tri bu tor.

® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission

 –2– I EC 61 988-2-6: 201 5 © I EC 201 5

CONTENTS
FOREWORD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2 Normative references. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3. 1 Terms and definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3. 2 Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4 Measurement equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4. 1 Video signal generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4. 2 Non-contact LMD (light measurement device) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4. 3 Contact LMD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
5 Measurement conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
5. 1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
5. 2 Setup conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
5. 3 Measuring layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5. 4 I nput signal level and picture level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
6 Measuring methods of tone characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 0
6. 1 Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 0
6. 2 I nput signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1
6. 2.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1
6. 2.2 1 1 -step grey bar with fixed APL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1
6. 2.3 Single grey window with fixed APL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2
6. 2.4 1 1 -step RGB bar and single colour window with fixed APL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 3
6. 3 Measuring procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 4
6. 4 Expression of results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 5
6. 4.1 Measurement report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 5
6. 4.2 Gamma calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 6
7 Measuring methods of colour gamut by APL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 9
7. 1 Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 9
7. 2 Primary and secondary colour patterns by APL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 9
7. 3 Measuring procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 9
7. 4 Evaluation of colour accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
7. 5 Evaluation of colour gamut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
7. 6 Expression of results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Annex A (informative) Use of ITU-R Rec. BT. 709-5 signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Figure 1 − Measuring layout for non-contact measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Figure 2 − Measuring layout for contact measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Figure 3 – Input signals and signal processing in a PDP module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 0
Figure 4 – An example of an 1 1 -step grey-bar pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2
Figure 5 – Example of 4 % window pattern for measuring the tone characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2
Figure 6 − RGB bar and single window pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 3
Figure 7 − An example of results of gamma characteristics for each APL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 5
Figure 8 − Example plots for calculated gamma values by APL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 7
I EC 61 988-2-6: 201 5 © I EC 201 5 － 3－
Figure 9 − Example plots for CCT characteristics by APL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 8
Figure 1 0 − Example plots for ∆ u ’v ’ characteristics by APL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 8
Figure 1 1 − 4 % C, M, and Y single window pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 9
Figure 1 2 − ITU -R Rec. BT. 709-5 standard coordinates of primary and secondary
colours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Figure 1 3 – Example showing a measured primary, a reference, and an overlapped
gamut area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Figure 1 4 − The measured colour gamut plots by APL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Table 1 − An example of a tone measurement report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 5

Table 2 − Example of gamma reporting form (for each APL ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 7
Table 3 – An example of gamut areas for evaluation of colour gamut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Table 4 − An example of primary and secondary colour measurement report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Table A.1 – Digital data and signal level in ITU -R Rec. BT.709-5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
 –4– I EC 61 988-2-6: 201 5 © I EC 201 5

I NTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNI CAL COMMI SSI ON

____________

P L AS M A D I S P L AY P AN E L S –

P a rt 2 -6 : M e a s u ri n g m e t h o d s –

AP L d e p e n d e n t g a m m a a n d c o l o u r c h a ra c t e ri s t i c s

FOREWORD
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I nternational Standard IEC 61 988-2-6 has been prepared by I EC technical committee 1 1 0:

Electronic display devices.

The text of this standard is based on the following documents:

FDI S Report on voti ng

1 1 0/636/FDI S 1 1 0/652/RVD

Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.

This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/I EC Directives, Part 2.
I EC 61 988-2-6: 201 5 © I EC 201 5 － 5－
A list of all the parts in the IEC 61 988 series, under the general title Plasma display panels ,
can be found on the IEC website.

The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the I EC web site under "http: //webstore. iec. ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date.

I M P O R T AN T – T h e ' c o l o u r i n s i d e ' l og o on th e c o ve r p a g e o f th i s p u b l i ca ti o n i n d i c a te s

th a t it c o n ta i n s c o l o u rs wh i ch a re c o n s i d e re d to be u s e fu l fo r th e c o rre c t

u n d e rs t a n d i n g of i ts c o n te n ts . U s e rs shou l d t h e re fo re p ri n t th i s d o cu m e n t using a

c o l o u r p ri n t e r.
 –6– I EC 61 988-2-6: 201 5 © I EC 201 5

P L AS M A D I S P L AY P AN E L S –

P a rt 2 -6 : M e a s u ri n g m e t h o d s –

AP L d e p e n d e n t g a m m a a n d c o l o u r c h a ra c t e ri s t i c s

1 Scope

This part of I EC 61 988 defines the measuring methods for gamma and colour gamut
characteristics as a function of the APL for a PDP module (plasma display module). Generally,
the luminance level of a PDP module is dependent on the APL (average picture level) of input
images. Varying the input levels causes a change of the chromaticity of RGB primary colours.
This standard also defines the measuring methods of tone characteristics and chromaticity
characteristics with varying APLs. This standard is based on the assumption that the inverse-
gamma circuit is inside the module.

2 N o rm a t i v e re fe re n c e s

The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.

I EC 60068-1 , Environmental testing – Part 1: General and guidance

I EC 601 07-1 , Methods of measurement on receivers for television broadcast

transmissions − Part 1: General considerations − Measurements at radio and video
frequencies
I EC 61 966-5, Multimedia system and equipment – Colour measurement and management –
Part 5: Equipment using plasma display panels
I EC 61 988-1 , Plasma display panels – Part 1: Terminology and letter symbols

I EC 61 988-2-1 , Plasma display panels − Part 2-1: Measuring methods − Optical and
optoelectrical
CI E 1 5: 2004, Colorimetry

I TU -R Rec. BT. 709-5, Parameter values for the HDTV standards for production and
international programme exchange

3 T e rm s , d e fi n i t i o n s a n d a b b re v i a t i o n s

3. 1 T e rm s a n d d e fi n i t i o n s

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in I EC 60068-1 ,
I EC 601 07-1 and I EC 61 988-1 , as well as the following apply.

3.1 .1

to n e

characteristics of the relationship between input signal level and output luminance
I EC 61 988-2-6: 201 5 © I EC 201 5 － 7－
3.1 .2
colour difference
difference between two colour stimuli, defined as the Euclidean distance between the points
representing them in a specific colour space such as CIE 1 976 u’v’ colour space.

3.1 .3
colour gamut area
two-dimensional maximum area of reproducible colours expressed in the CI E 1 976 colour
space defined in CI E 1 5

3.2 Abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the following abbreviations apply.

APL Average picture level

CCT Correlated colour temperature

LMD Light measuring device

PDP Plasma display

4 Measurement equipment
4.1 Video signal generator
An analogue video signal generator or a digital video signal generator is used. The signal
characteristics shall match with the measured PDP module. I nput signal, in this document,
means a pre-gamma signal and APL means a post-gamma APL.

4.2 Non-contact LMD (light measurement device)

When using a non-contact LMD, the non-contact LMD incorporates a spectroradiometer or a
non-contact colorimeter as shown in Figure 1 . The detail conditions are defined in
I EC 61 988-2-1 , where a non-contact LMD is described as an LMD.

N OTE: See I EC 61 966-5.

4.3 Contact LMD

When using a contact LMD, the measurement probe shall be placed perpendicular to the
display surface and include at least 500 pixels in the measurement aperture. I t shall be
confirmed that the results measured by the contact LMD are the same as the results
measured by the non-contact LMD.

5 Measurement conditions
5.1 General
The following standard setup conditions shall be used. Each condition shall be noted on the
relevant specification whenever any different conditions other than the standard setup
conditions are applied. (See the measuring conditions in I EC 61 966-5 and I EC 61 988-2-1 .)

5.2 Setup conditions

All measurements shall be carried out in a dark room. I lluminance shall be less than 1 lx
anywhere on the screen of the PDP module. When this illuminance significantly affects the
measurement of the black level, the background subtraction method shall be used. When a
 –8– I EC 61 988-2-6: 201 5 © I EC 201 5

different illuminance or the background subtraction method is used, this shall be noted on the
report.

The warm-up time shall be longer than 30 minutes with a signal input set at 1 5 % grey level
on full screen without gamma correction, unless other specified measuring methods are used.
When different warm-up conditions are used, they shall be noted on the report.

For the measurement of tone characteristics, the conditions of contrast and colour
enhancement functions to preserve the tone characteristics of the panel itself shall be applied
and noted on the report. The image sticking preventing function (for a still image) shall be
turned off, or some procedures in which the function is kept inactive can be applied.

5. 3 M eas u ri n g l a yo u t

The measuring equipment shall be set as shown in Figure 1 for a non-contact LMD and in
Figure 2 for a contact LMD. The optical axis of the non-contact LMD should be normal to the
centre of the display surface. I t is recommended that the measuring distance ℓ0 of LMD is
2, 5 V, where V is the effective screen height of the display.

PDP module

V LMD
Pattern
generator ℓ0
M easuring distance

Control PC
(i f u sed )

IEC

F i g u re 1 − M eas u ri n g l a you t for n o n -con tact m e as u re m en t

The measuring layout for a contact LMD is shown in Figure 2. A measurement probe shall be
set to the surface of the display.
I EC 61 988-2-6: 201 5 © I EC 201 5 － 9－

PDP module

(M easurement probe)
LMD
Pattern
generator Control body

Control PC
(i f u sed )

IEC

F i g u re 2 − M e a s u ri n g l a y o u t fo r c o n t a c t m e a s u re m e n t

5. 4 I n p u t s i g n a l l e ve l a n d p i c t u re l e ve l

For the measurement, analogue video signals or digital video signals are used as input
signals. The input signal level is the level of the analogue video signal and is indicated in
percent (0 % to 1 00 %, I0 % to I1 00 % respectively), while the conventional digital input data is
the level of the digital input video signal having a value from 0 to 2 N-1 , where N is the number
of the bits for the digital video signal. When N is 8, 256 grey steps are used. Basically these
input video signals are pre-gamma signals having an applied gamma correction of 2, 2. The
output luminance level is related to 2, 2 th power of the input signal level. The term picture level,
which relates to luminance, is used for the output luminance level of the post-gamma signal.
Figure 3 shows these relationships.

N OTE I n the I TU -R Rec. BT. 709-5 8-bi t d igital vi d eo si g nal, the d i gi tal d ata is compressed to 1 6 to 235 from 0 to
255. The i npu t signal at l evel 0 % is the di gi tal d ata of 1 6 and th e inpu t sign al at level 1 00 % is th e d i gi tal d ata of
235. The i npu t d igi tal d ata is mod ified to this rel ati onshi p as shown in Annex A. I n th is d ocu m ent th e proced u re of
the conventi onal di gi tal si gnal is mai nl y menti oned .
 – 10 – I EC 61 988-2-6: 201 5 © I EC 201 5

D i g i ta l vi d e o An a l o g u e

a
si g n al
I = D /(2 N
-1 ) x 1 00 (%) vi d e o s i g n a l

Digital data I nput signal

( D) level
( I)

P re - g a m m a s i g n a l

Reverse gamma conversion

(2, 2 th power of I)
P o s t-g a m m a s i g n a l

O u tp u t

l u m i n an ce

si g n al
APL (average picture level):
Picture the average of an image on
level the total screen
( I2, 2 )

Automatic brightness control (ABL), etc.

Panel
driving
signal

Panel characteristics

Output
luminance
(L)
IEC

a For the u se of the I TU -R Rec. BT. 709-5 8-bi t d i gi tal signal, th e relati onshi p between the in pu t si gnal l evel an d
th e di gital d ata i s as foll ows:

I = ( D -1 6)/(235-1 6) × 1 00 (%)

F i g u re 3 – I n p u t s i g n a l s a n d s i g n a l p ro c e s s i n g i n a PDP modu l e

6 M e a s u ri n g m e t h o d s o f t o n e c h a ra c t e ri s t i c s

6. 1 P u rp o s e

The purpose of this method is to measure the tone characteristics of a PDP as a function of
the APL. The following items are then measured:
a) APL dependent gamma characteristics,
b) signal level and APL dependent CCT (correlated colour temperature), and
c) signal level and APL dependent chromaticity coordinates ( u ’v ’).
N OTE u' and v' are CI E 1 976 U CS di agram coord i nates d efi ned i n CI E 1 5.
I EC 61 988-2-6: 201 5 © I EC 201 5 － 11－
6. 2 I n pu t si g n al s

6. 2. 1 G e n e ra l

To measure the tone characteristics with a fixed APL, a number of APLs to be evaluated shall
be defined first. N ine APLs of 1 0 %, 20 %, 30 %, 40 %, 50 %, 60 %, 70 %, 80 % and 90 %
should be applied. When other APLs or level selections are used, the levels shall be noted in
the report. Four kinds of signals for measurement of the tone characteristics are as follows;
a) 1 1 -step grey bar with fixed APL,
b) single grey window with fixed APL,
c) 1 1 -step RGB bar with fixed APL,
d) single colour window with fixed APL.
6. 2. 2 1 1 - s t e p g re y b a r w i t h fi x e d A P L

The details of the signal are as follows:

a) The input signal of the 1 1 -step grey-bar patterns is applied The patterns have 1 1 windows
and the signal levels of the windows, I0 % to I1 00 % , are at 0 %, 1 0 %, 20 %, 30 %, 40 %,
50 %, 60 %, 70 %, 80 %, 90 % and 1 00 % respectively, or in 8-bit digital input data at 0,
26, 51 , 77, 1 02, 1 28, 1 53, 1 79, 204, 230 and 255 respectively. I n the measurement the
window at the measuring signal level is moved to the screen centre and each of the
remaining 1 0 unused grey pattern bars shall be displayed either in the top or the bottom
groups of the 5 bars as shown in Figure 4. Figure 4 shows just an example of 1 1 grey-bar
patterns. For the measurement of other signal levels, a simple procedure in which the
signal levels of the centre window and one of remaining 1 0 grey bars are exchanged may
be applied. If the area of each bar in grey pattern is 0,98 % of the whole screen area, then
the whole grey-bar area is 1 0,78 % (0, 98 % × 1 1 ). Therefore, the background area is
89,22 % (1 00 % − 1 0,78 %).
b) The background level shall be changed to maintain the APL.
c) I n Figure 4, the average picture level of the 1 1 -step grey-bar signal is calculated
considering the conventional 2, 2 gamma conversion as follows:

APL(%) = 1 0, 78 × 0, 330 6 + 89,22 × ( D BK /(2 N-1 ) ) 2, 2 (1 )

where 33, 06 % is the picture level of the average of 1 1 -step grey bars and N is the number
of bits of the input signal. D BK is an input digital data for background in an N-bit system
and is calculated as follows:

D BK = (2 N-1 ) × ( ( APL(%) − 3, 564) / 89, 22 ) 1 /2, 2 (2)

N OTE For each R, G and B chan nel , D BK, R , D BK, G and D B K, B for the backgrou nd inpu t d igi tal d ata are as
foll ows:
D BK, R = D B K, G = D BK, B = DB K
 – 12 – I EC 61 988-2-6: 201 5 © I EC 201 5

1 /1 0 V

1 /6 V
Measurement point (centre)
1 /1 7 H
1 /6 V
1 /1 0 V
1 /1 7 H
6/1 7 H
IEC
Key
V screen height
H screen wi d th
Figure 4 – An example of an 1 1 -step grey-bar pattern

6.2.3 Single grey window with fixed APL

The details of the signal are as follows
a) A single window pattern is used to measure the tone characteristics of the PDP as shown
in Figure 5. The window is generated with each grey input data to be measured, and the
background shall be changed to maintain a specific APL of the total screen area while
measuring the window with the changing input signal level I from 0 % to 1 00 %, ie. I0 % to
I1 00 % as defined in 6.2. 2.

1 /5 H M easu rement poi nt

1 /5 V
4 % screen area

0 % to 1 00 % inner pattern to be measu red ( D M )

Backg round ( D B K )
IEC

Key
V screen heig ht
H screen wi d th
DB K i n put di gi tal data for background in N-bit system and
DM d i gi tal i npu t data of 4 % grey wi nd ow.
Figure 5 – Example of 4 % window pattern for measuring the tone characteristics
b) A 1 /5 horizontal and vertical sized window, approximately 4 % of the total screen area, is
used.
c) The APL of the pattern in Figure 5 is calculated by reverse gamma correction as follows:
I EC 61 988-2-6: 201 5 © I EC 201 5 － 1 3－
APL(%) of pattern = 4 × ( D M /(2 N-1 ) ) 2, 2 + 96 × ( D BK /(2 N-1 ) ) 2, 2 (3)
where D M is the digital input data of the 4 % grey window, D BK is the digital input data of
the background, and N is the number of bits of the input signal.
N OTE For the R, G and B compon ent of the wi nd ow an d backgroun d , the di gi tal i npu t d ata D M , R , D M , G and
D M , B , an d D BK, R , D BK, G and D B K, B respecti vely i s as foll ows:
DM , R = DM , G = DM , B = DM
D B K, R = D B K, G = D BK, B = D B K
d) The input digital data for background D BK is obtained using the following equation for a
specific APL:

D BK = (2 N–1 ) × ( (APL(%) −4 × ( D M /(2 N-1 )) 2, 2 )/96 ) 1 /2, 2 (4)

6. 2.4 1 1 -step RGB bar an d si n g le col ou r window with fixed APL

The details of the signal are as follows:

a) A bar or single window pattern for each RGB primary is also generated and measured as
shown in Figure 6.

IEC

a) R-bar, G-bar and B-bar wi nd ow wi th varyi ng i npu t l evels

IEC

b) 4 % R, G and B si ngl e wi n dow wi th varyi ng i n pu t l evels

Fi gu re 6 − RGB bar an d si n g le win dow pattern

b) The input digital data for background D BK of each RGB window bar pattern in Figure 6 a)
is calculated by the following equation (5).

D BK = (2 N-1 ) × ( ( APL(%) −1 0,78× (0,330 6)/3 )/89, 22 ) 1 /2, 2 (5)

c) For the input digital data for the background of the R, G and B single window pattern
shown in Figure 6 b), the following equations (6), (7), and (8) are used.

D BK = (2 N-1 ) × ( (APL(%) −4 × ( D R /(2 N-1 )) 2, 2 /3)/96 ) 1 /2, 2 (6)

D BK = (2 N-1 ) × ( (APL(%) −4 × ( D G /(2 N-1 )) 2, 2 /3)/96 ) 1 /2, 2 (7)

D BK = (2 N-1 ) × ( (APL(%) −4 × ( D B /(2 N-1 )) 2, 2 /3)/96 ) 1 /2, 2 (8)

 – 14 – I EC 61 988-2-6: 201 5 © I EC 201 5

where D R, D G and D B are the digital data of the window of R, G and B, respectively, and N is
the number of bits for the input signal.

The window is generated with each primary colour input data to be measured. The
background shall be changed to maintain a specific APL of the total screen area while
measuring the window with the changing input signal level I from 0 % to 1 00 %, i.e. I0 % to
I1 00 % as defined in 6.2. 2.

6. 3 M easu rin g procedu re

The following procedure shall be used:

a) A PDP module shall be set in the measuring condition shown in Figure 1 .
b) Turn off all functions that enhance the contrast and colour of the display to measure the
tone characteristics of the PDP module.
c) Warm up the PDP module with an input signal of full screen white for an hour.
d) Set the APL to 1 0 %.
e) I nput each of the window signals or grey pattern signals to be measured as shown in
Figure 4, Figure 5, and Figure 6.
f) Measure the luminance and chromaticity coordinates ( u ’, v ’) at screen centre by changing
the input signal level for each of the 1 1 input signal levels.
g) Change the APL and repeat e) to f) to measure the tone characteristics for each of the
remaining APLs.
N OTE u ' and v ' are CI E 1 976 U CS di ag ram coordi nates defi ned i n CI E 1 5. The valu es of u ' an d v ' coord inates are
transformed from the measu red x and y val ues usi ng th e followi ng eq u ations:

u' = 4 x /(3 – 2 x + 1 2 y ) (9)

v' = 9 y /(3 – 2 x + 1 2 y ) (1 0)

where x and y are CI E 1 931 chromati ci ty coord i nates.

Figure 7 shows an example of the result of gamma characteristics in 9 APLs.

I EC 61 988-2-6: 201 5 © I EC 201 5 － 1 5－

Luminance (cd/m 2)
200
1 0% APL
1 80 20% APL
30% APL
1 60 40% APL
50% APL
1 40 60% APL
70% APL
1 20 80% APL
90% APL
1 00

80

60
40

20

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 1 00
Input signal level (%)
IEC

F i g u re 7 − An e x a m p l e o f re s u l t s o f g a m m a c h a ra c t e ri s t i c s fo r e a c h A P L

6. 4 E x p re s s i o n o f re s u l t s

6. 4. 1 M e a s u re m e n t re p o rt

The measurement report shall include the following items:

a) The measured result of the luminance shall be reported as a table, as shown in Table 1
with input digital data.
Tabl e 1 − An e x a m p l e o f a t o n e m e a s u re m e n t re p o rt

I n pu t O u tpu t: Di s pl ay l u m i n an ce O u tp u t:

P i c t u re l e ve l

Si g n al s te p 8 -b i t i n p u t D i g i ta l d a ta o f I n pu t si g n al M e a s u re d N o rm a l i z e d C o n ve n ti o n a l
b
d i g i ta l d a ta I T U -R Re c . l e ve l l u m i n an ce l u m i n an ce 2,2 gamma

B T . 7 0 9 -5 8 -b i t

d i g i ta l vi d e o
a
si gnal

k DM DM I L L n orm

(0~255) (1 6~235) (%) (cd/m 2 ) (%) (%)

1 0 16 0 0, 08 0, 00 0, 00
2 26 38 10 0, 95 0, 68 0, 66
3 51 60 20 4, 1 2 3, 1 5 2, 90
4 77 82 30 9, 1 8 7, 1 0 7, 1 8
5 1 02 1 04 40 1 6, 42 1 2, 75 1 3, 32
6 1 28 1 26 50 27, 48 21 , 38 21 , 58
7 1 53 1 47 60 40, 63 31 , 64 32, 50
8 1 79 1 69 70 55, 96 43, 60 45, 35
9 204 1 91 80 75, 83 59, 1 1 61 , 21
10 230 21 3 90 99, 96 77, 93 78, 93
11 255 235 1 00 1 28, 24 1 00, 00 1 00, 00
a For the u se of the I TU -R Rec. BT. 709-5 8-bi t di gi tal vid eo si gnal, the di gi tal d ata incl ud i ng that of the
backgrou nd , is mod ified .
b N ormal ized l u min ance is ( L - L 0 )/( L 1 0 0 - L 0 ), where L , L 0 and L 1 00 are the measu red l u minance, the l um inance at
l evel 0 % and the lu mi nance at l evel 1 00 % respectivel y.
 – 16 – I EC 61 988-2-6: 201 5 © I EC 201 5

6. 4.2 Gamma calcu l ati on

From the measurement result shown above, a nonlinear output characteristic g , i. e, a

relationship between output luminance and input signal level, is calculated. Thus, the average
gamma value, g j for the j th APL is calculated by the following equation:

n −1
1 log L
norm, k
gj =
n−2
∑ log Inorm, k
(1 1 )
k =2

where j refers to the jth APL (1 0, 20, 30, … … , 90 APL) and n is the number of input signal
steps for an APL. I n this measuring method 1 1 signal steps, where n is 1 1 , are used. Inorm, k is
the input signal level at each signal step k, which is the normalized value from 0 to 1 of input
digital data. L norm, k is the normalized value of the luminance having a value from 0 to 1
measured at each signal step k and is defined as follows:

( Lk − L 0 )
Lnorm, k = (1 2)
(L1 00 − L0 )
where, L k is the measurement luminance at the signal step k, L 0 is the luminance at the input
of level 0 % and L 1 00 is the luminance at the input of level 1 00 %.

The average gamma value g T for all APLs, i. e. the average value of all gammas,
g 1 , g 2 , g 3 ,...., g m , is;

g 1 + g 2 + g 3 +.... + g m
gT = (1 3)
m

N OTE 1 m is the nu mber of APLs consi d ered, generall y 9, from 1 0 %, 20 %, … . , 90 % APL.

Additionally, the gamma accuracy (%) is quantified from the following equation.

 gS −gT 
g accu. =  1 −  × 1 00 (1 4)
 g S 

where g S is 2,2 for conventional 2,2 gamma and 1 /0, 45 for I TU-R Rec. BT. 709-5 gamma.

N OTE 2 See th e recomm endati on I TU -R Rec. BT. 709-5-5 for the I TU -R Rec. BT. 709-5 gamma.

The measured data and the result of the g calculation shall be reported as shown in Table 2.
I EC 61 988-2-6: 201 5 © I EC 201 5 － 1 7－
Table 2 − Example of gamma reporting form (for each APL )
j APL (%) g
1 10 2, 1 7
2 20 2, 1 5
3 30 2, 20
4 40 2, 25
5 50 2, 23
6 60 2, 25
7 70 2, 33
8 80 2, 36
9 90 2, 37
Averag e ( g T ) ± stand ard devi ati on 2, 25 ± 0, 08

The result of the g calculation shall also be reported as plots for 1 0 % APL to 90 % APL as
shown in Figure 8.
Calculated gamma value

2,80

2,60
2,40
2,20

2,00

1 ,80
1 ,60
1 ,40

1 ,20

1 ,00
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Input APL (%)
IEC

Figure 8 − Example plots for calculated gamma values by APL

The CCT values and ∆ u ’v ’ by APL shall also be plotted as curves, where the horizontal axis
shall be the normalized input signal level from 1 0 % to 1 00 %, as shown in Figure 9 and
Figure 1 0. I f a light measuring device doesn’t provide the CCT, then the CCT is calculated
from the chromaticity coordinates ( x , y ) using McCamy’s approximation as follows:

CCT = 437 n 3 + 3 601 n 2 + 6 861 n + 5 51 7 (1 5)

where
n = ( x − 0,332 0 ) ( 0,1 85 8 − y ) .

The colour difference ∆ u ’v ’ is defined as follows,

 – 18 – I EC 61 988-2-6: 201 5 © I EC 201 5

Δu ' v' = (u 'i −u 'o )2 + (v'i −v'o )2 (1 6)

where u ' o , v' o are the pre-defined chromaticity coordinates and u ' i , v' i are the measured
chromaticity coordinates. The pre-defined chromaticity value shall be reported, and if the pre-
defined chromaticity values vary with input level, these shall also be reported. In this example,
the pre-defined u ’v ’ value is (0,1 98, 0,468) for a CCT value of 6 500 K of daylight.
CCT (correlated colour temperature)

1 2 000
1 0% APL
20% APL
1 1 000
30% APL
40% APL
1 0 000 50% APL
60% APL
9 000 70% APL
80% APL
90% APL
8 000

7 000

6 000

5 000
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 1 00
Input signal level (%)
IEC

Figure 9 − Example plots for CCT characteristics by APL

0,040
1 0% APL
0,035
20% APL
0,030 30% APL
40% APL
0,025
50% APL
0,020 60% APL
0,01 5 70% APL
80% APL
0,01 0 90% APL
0,005
∆u’ v’

0
−0,005
−0,01 0
−0,01 5
−0,020
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 1 00
Input signal level (%)
IEC

Figure 1 0 − Example plots for ∆u ’v ’ characteristics by APL

I EC 61 988-2-6: 201 5 © I EC 201 5 － 1 9－
7 Measuring methods of colour gamut by APL
7.1 Purpose
The purpose of this method is to measure primary and secondary colour accuracy and
quantify the colour gamut of a PDP as a function of APL, and then to measure the following
item:
• Chromaticity coordinates x and y of RGB primary and secondary colours (cyan, magenta
and yellow) for each APL.
N OTE Th e second ary colou r are cyan (C) = G(1 00 %) + B (1 00 %), magenta (M ) = R (1 00 %) + B (1 00 %), and
yel l ow (Y) = R (1 00 %) + G (1 00 %), respecti vel y.

7.2 Primary and secondary colour patterns by APL

To measure the primary colour with a varying APL, the colour window pattern shown
in Figure 6b) shall be used. The secondary colours C, M, and Y can also be measured in the
same manner as shown in the following Figure 1 1 . The input level of each window shall be set
at 1 00 % for the colour. The input digital data of the background for each primary colour R, G
and B single window pattern given in 6.2. 4 c) is used. For the input digital data for the
background for each secondary colour C, M and Y single window pattern shown in Figure 1 1 ,
the following equations (1 7), (1 8), and (1 9) are used.

D BK , = (2 N-1 ) × ( (APL(%) −4 × 2 × ( D C /(2 N-1 )) 2, 2 /3)/96 ) 1 /2, 2 (1 7)

D BK = (2 N-1 ) × ( (APL(%) −4 × 2 × ( D M /(2 N-1 )) 2, 2 /3)/96 ) 1 /2, 2 (1 8)

D BK = (2 N-1 ) × ( (APL(%) −4 × 2 × ( D Y /(2 N-1 )) 2, 2 /3)/96 ) 1 /2, 2 (1 9)

where D C, D M and D Y are the digital data of the window of C, M and Y, respectively, and N is
the number of bits for the input signal. In this measurement D C, D M and D Y are 2 N-1 .

IEC

Figure 1 1 − 4 % C, M, and Y single window pattern

7.3 Measuring procedure
The following procedure shall be used for measuring the colour characteristics.
a) A PDP module shall be set in the measuring condition shown in Figure 1 .
b) Turn off all functions that enhance the contrast and colour of the display to measure the
tone characteristics of the PDP module.
c) Warm up the PDP module with an input signal of full screen white for an hour.
d) Set the APL to 1 0 %.
e) I nput each R, G, B, C, M, and Y single window pattern as shown in Figure 6b) or
Figure 1 1 , where the input signal level of each single colour window is 1 00 %, and
measure the chromaticity coordinates ( u ’, v ’) and CCT at screen centre.
 – 20 – I EC 61 988-2-6: 201 5 © I EC 201 5

f) Change the APL and repeat e) to measure the primary and secondary colour accuracy for
each remaining APL.
7.4 E va l u a t i o n o f c o l o u r a c c u ra c y

The reference standard coordinates of the primary colours are generally available from I TU-R
Rec. BT.709-5.

The measured colour data is compared to the I TU -R Rec. BT. 709-5 values shown in Figure
1 2 in order to check for deviation of ∆ u ’, v ’.
v’

0,6

(0,1 25, 0,563)

(0,204, 0,553)
0,5 (0,451 , 0,523)

(0,1 38, 0,456)

0,4

0,3 (0,305, 0,330)

0,2
CIE u ’ v’
(0,1 75, 0,1 58)
BT.709 Primary
0,1 BT.709 Cyan
BT.709 Magenta
BT.709 Yellow
0,0
0,0 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7
u’
IEC

Ke y

BT. 709 means I TU -R Rec. BT. 709-5.

F i g u re 1 2 − I T U - R R e c . B T . 7 0 9 - 5 s t a n d a rd c o o rd i n a t e s o f p ri m a ry a n d s e c o n d a ry c o l o u rs

7.5 E va l u a t i o n o f c o l o u r g a m u t

The colour gamut area is used to evaluate the colour range of the display. Generally, it can be
calculated with the u ’ v ’ coordinate system. The area of the I TU-R Rec. BT. 709-5 colour gamut
in the ( u ’, v ’) diagram is │ u ’ R v ’ G + u ’ G v ’ B + u ’ B v ’ R – v ’ R u ’ G – v ’ G u ’ B – v ’ B u ’ R │ /2 , which is 0, 064 9
and used for the reference colour gamut area. Similarly, the area of n polygons for the
overlapped colour gamut area between the reference and the display under test is calculated
from the following equation (20).

│ u ’ 1 v ’ 2 + u ’ 2 v ’ 3 + u ’ 3 v ’ 4 … + u ’ n-1 v ’ n + u ’ n v ’ 1 – v ’ 1 u ’ 2 – v ’ 2 u ’ 3 – v ’ 3 u ’ 4 … − v ’ n-1 u ’ n – v ’ n u ’ 1 │ /2 (20)

From the results of the colour gamut area, the relative gamut ratio and gamut reproducibility
are calculated as shown in equations (21 ) and (22). An example of gamut areas for the
evaluation of the colour gamut is shown in Table 3.

Relative gamut ratio (%) =

Display colour gamut area
× 1 00 (21 )
Reference colour gamut area
I EC 61 988-2-6: 201 5 © I EC 201 5 － 21 －
Overlap colour gamut area (22)
Gamut reproducib ility (%) = × 1 00
Reference colour gamut area

Table 3 – An example of gamut areas for evaluation of colour gamut

Red Green Blu e Col ou r gamu t area
u’ R v’ R u’ G v’ G u’ B v’ B
sRGB (I TU -R Rec. BT. 709-5) 0, 064 9
0, 450 7 0, 522 9 0, 1 25 0 0, 562 5 0, 1 75 4 0, 1 57 9
u’R v’ R u’ G v’ G u’ B v’ B
M easu red col ou r gamut 0, 061 5
0, 440 7 0, 533 9 0, 1 1 8 4 0, 552 2 0, 1 66 2 0, 1 67 6
Overl apped colou r gamu t 0, 057 8

Figure 1 3 shows an example of the measured colour, sRGB (I TU-R Rec. BT.709-5), and of
the overlapped gamut area for evaluation of the colour gamut.
v’

0,6

0,5

0,4

0,3

sRGB (ITU-R BT. 709-5)

0,2 Measured display
Overlapped gamut area
Intersection coordinate
0,1
0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5
u’
IEC

Figure 1 3 – Example showing a measured primary,

a reference, and an overlapped gamut area

7.6 Expression of results

The measured result and the colour coordinates data shall be reported as a table, as shown in
Table 4 with the reference colour standard. Additionally, the colour gamut evaluation result
can also be reported in Table 4. Figure 1 4 shows an example of the measured colour gamut
plots by APL.
 – 22 – I EC 61 988-2-6: 201 5 © I EC 201 5

Tabl e 4 − An e x a m p l e o f p ri m a ry a n d s e c o n d a ry c o l o u r m e a s u re m e n t re p o rt

I n pu t si g n al R e fe re n c e M e a s u re d R e l a t i ve G am u t

AP L Col ou r
l e ve l c o o rd i n a t e s c o o rd i n a t e s
∆ u ' v' g a m u t ra t i o re p ro d u c i b i l i t y

( R, G, B) u' v' u' v' (%) (%)

Red (1 00 %, 0 %, 0, 451 0, 523 0, 390 0, 509 0, 062
0 %)
Green (0 %, 1 00 %, 0, 1 25 0, 563 0, 1 76 0, 502 0, 079
0 %)
Bl u e (0 %, 0 %, 0, 1 75 0, 1 58 0, 1 79 0, 255 0, 097
1 00 %)
1 0 %
95, 7 % 95, 9 %
AP L
Cyan (0 %, 1 00 %, 0, 1 39 0, 456 –
1 00 %)
M agen ta (1 00 %, 0 %, 0, 305 0, 330 –
1 00 %)
Yel l ow (1 00 %, 1 00 %, 0, 204 0, 553 –
0 %)
Red (1 00 %, 0 %, 0, 451 0, 523 0, 400 0, 51 1 0, 052
0 %)
Green (0 %, 1 00 %, 0, 1 25 0, 563 0, 1 64 0, 51 6 0, 060
0 %)
Bl u e (0 %, 0 %, 0, 1 75 0, 1 58 0, 1 78 0, 242 0, 084
1 00 %)
20 %
96, 2 % 96, 2 %
AP L
Cyan (0 %, 1 00 %, 0, 1 39 0, 456 –
1 00 %)
M agen ta (1 00 %, 0 %, 0, 305 0, 330 –
1 00 %)
Yel l ow (1 00 %, 1 00 %, 0, 204 0, 553 –
0 %)
Red (1 00 %, 0 %, 0, 451 0, 523 0, 41 1 0, 51 2 0, 041
0 %)
Green (0 %, 1 00 %, 0, 1 25 0, 563 0, 1 55 0, 529 0, 045
0 %)
Bl u e (0 %, 0 %, 0, 1 75 0, 1 58 0, 1 77 0, 224 0, 066
1 00 %)
30 %
97, 3 % 96, 6 %
AP L
Cyan (0 %, 1 00 %, 0, 1 39 0, 456 –
1 00 %)
M agen ta (1 00 %, 0 %, 0, 305 0, 330 –
1 00 %)
Yel l ow (1 00 %, 1 00 %, 0. 204 0, 553 –
0 %)
Red (1 00 %, 0 %, 0, 451 0, 523 0, 420 0, 51 4 0, 032
0 %)
Green (0 %, 1 00 %, 0, 1 25 0, 563 0, 1 50 0, 532 0, 039
0 %)
Bl u e (0 %, 0 %, 0, 1 75 0, 1 58 0, 1 76 0, 21 3 0, 055
1 00 %)
40 %
99, 1 % 97, 3 %
AP L
Cyan (0 %, 1 00 %, 0, 1 39 0, 456 –
1 00 %)
M agen ta (1 00 %, 0 %, 0, 305 0, 330 –
1 00 %)
Yel l ow (1 00 %, 1 00 %, 0, 204 0, 553 –
0 %)
Red (1 00 %, 0 %, 0, 451 0, 523 0, 429 0, 51 5 0, 023
0 %)
Green (0 %, 1 00 %, 0, 1 25 0, 563 0, 1 46 0, 534 0, 035
0 %)
50 %
Bl u e (0 %, 0 %, 0, 1 75 0, 1 58 0, 1 76 0, 208 0, 051 99, 4 % 97, 6 %
AP L 1 00 %)
Cyan (0 %, 1 00 %, 0, 1 39 0, 456 –
1 00 %)
M agen ta (1 00 %, 0 %, 0, 305 0, 330 –
1 00 %)
I EC 61 988-2-6: 201 5 © I EC 201 5 － 23 －
I n pu t si g n al R e fe re n c e M e a s u re d R e l a t i ve G am u t

AP L Col ou r
l e ve l c o o rd i n a t e s c o o rd i n a t e s
∆uv ' '
g a m u t ra t i o re p ro d u c i b i l i t y

( R, G, B) u' v' u' v' (%) (%)

Yel l ow (1 00 %, 1 00 %, 0, 204 0, 553 –
0 %)
Red (1 00 %, 0 %, 0, 451 0, 523 0, 431 0, 51 7 0, 020
0 %)
Green (0 %, 1 00 %, 0, 1 25 0, 563 0, 1 44 0, 536 0, 032
0 %)
Bl u e (0 %, 0 %, 0, 1 75 0, 1 58 0, 1 76 0, 202 0, 045
1 00 %)
60 %
1 00, 2 % 98, 1 %
AP L
Cyan (0 %, 1 00 %, 0, 1 39 0, 456 –
1 00 %)
M agen ta (1 00 %, 0 %, 0, 305 0, 330 –
1 00 %)
Yel l ow (1 00 %, 1 00 %, 0, 204 0, 553 –
0 %)
Red (1 00 %, 0 %, 0, 451 0, 523 0, 435 0, 51 8 0, 01 6
0 %)
Green (0 %, 1 00 %, 0, 1 25 0, 563 0, 1 40 0, 541 0, 026
0 %)
Bl u e (0 %, 0 %, 0, 1 75 0, 1 58 0, 1 74 0, 1 96 0, 038
1 00 %)
70 %
1 00, 5 % 99, 0 %
AP L
Cyan (0 %, 1 00 %, 0, 1 39 0, 456 –
1 00 %)
M agen ta (1 00 %, 0 %, 0, 305 0, 330 –
1 00 %)
Yel l ow (1 00 %, 1 00 %, 0, 204 0, 553 –
0 %)
Red (1 00 %, 0 %, 0, 451 0, 523 0, 440 0, 520 0, 01 1
0 %)
Green (0 %, 1 00 %, 0, 1 25 0, 563 0, 1 36 0, 550 0, 01 6
0 %)
Bl u e (0 %, 0 %, 0, 1 75 0, 1 58 0, 1 76 0, 1 88 0, 030
1 00 %)
80 %
1 02, 4 % 99, 7 %
AP L
Cyan (0 %, 1 00 %, 0, 1 39 0, 456 –
1 00 %)
M agen ta (1 00 %, 0 %, 0, 305 0, 330 –
1 00 %)
Yel l ow (1 00 %, 1 00 %, 0, 204 0, 553 –
0 %)
Red (1 00 %, 0 %, 0, 451 0, 523 0, 446 0, 522 0, 005
0 %)
Green (0 %, 1 00 %, 0, 1 25 0, 563 0, 1 34 0, 556 0, 01 1
0 %)
Bl u e (0 %, 0 %, 0, 1 75 0, 1 58 0, 1 72 0, 1 80 0, 022
90 % 1 00 %) 1 05, 0 % 1 00, 0 %
AP L
Cyan (0 %, 1 00 %, 0, 1 39 0, 456 –
1 00 %)
M agen ta (1 00 %, 0 %, 0, 305 0, 330 –
1 00 %)
Yel l ow (1 00 %, 1 00 %, 0, 204 0, 553 –
0 %)
 – 24 – I EC 61 988-2-6: 201 5 © I EC 201 5

v’
0, 6

0, 5

0, 4

0, 3 CIE u v
’ ’

ITU-R Rec. BT.709-5 primary

Measured primary
1 0% APL
0, 2 20% APL
30% APL
40% APL
50% APL
0, 1 60% APL
70% APL
80% APL
90% APL
0, 0
0, 0 0, 1 0, 2 0, 3 0, 4 0, 5 0, 6 0, 7
u’
IEC

F i g u re 1 4 − Th e m e as u re d col ou r g am u t p l ots b y AP L
I EC 61 988-2-6: 201 5 © I EC 201 5 － 25 －
An n e x A

(informative)
U s e o f I T U - R Re c . B T . 7 0 9 - 5 s i g n a l

I n I TU-R Rec. BT.709-5 the digital data of the 8-bit digital video signal is compressed to 1 6 to
235, but not to 0 to 255. The relationship between the input signal level and the digital data in
I TU -R Rec. BT. 709-5 is shown in Table A. 1 .

T a b l e A. 1 – D i g i t a l d a t a a n d s i g n a l l e ve l in I TU -R Re c . B T . 7 0 9 -5

Si g n al l e ve l D i g i ta l d a ta

I DM
( %)
0 16
10 38
20 60
30 82
40 1 04
50 1 26
60 1 47
70 1 69
80 1 91
90 21 3
1 00 235
 – 26 – I EC 61 988-2-6: 201 5 © I EC 201 5

Bibliography
C. S.McCamy, Co lo r Re s A p p l. 1 7 (1 992)

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