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0130410489-9780130410481/
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Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2008 Pearson Canada Inc.
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Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2008 Pearson Canada Inc.
Chapter 05: Groups and Organizations
1. What do sociologists call two or more people who identify and interact with one another?
a dyad
an interactive group
a social group
a crowd
a category
QuestionID: 05-1-01
Page-Reference: 136
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: factual
2. What is the appropriate sociological term for people with a common status, such as "college
students"?
a crowd
a category
a group
a population
a peer group
QuestionID: 05-1-02
Page-Reference: 137
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: factual
Answer: a category
3. A temporary, loosely formed collection of people who may or may not interact is referred to as a:
crowd.
category.
group.
population.
drama.
QuestionID: 05-1-03
Page-Reference: 137
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: factual
Answer: crowd.
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Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2008 Pearson Canada Inc.
4. All passengers on an international flight are an example of a:
crowd.
category.
group.
population.
peer group.
QuestionID: 05-1-04
Page-Reference: 137
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: factual
Answer: crowd.
5. Cooley referred to a small social group whose members share personal and enduring relationships
as a/an:
close group.
emotive group.
mandatory group.
secondary group.
primary group.
QuestionID: 05-1-05
Page-Reference: 137
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: applied
6. Which of the following is the most important primary group in every society?
its government
the peer group
its economic advisors
playgroups
the family
QuestionID: 05-1-06
Page-Reference: 137
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: conceptual
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Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2008 Pearson Canada Inc.
QuestionID: 05-1-07
Page-Reference: 137
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: conceptual
QuestionID: 05-1-08
Page-Reference: 137
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: conceptual
9. What term did Cooley use to refer to a large impersonal social group whose members pursue a
specific goal or activity?
close group
emotive group
primary group
peer group
secondary group
QuestionID: 05-1-09
Page-Reference: 137
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: factual
10. When you speak at your university's commencement ceremonies, Cooley suggests you are
speaking to a ________ group.
close
bored
primary
secondary
peer
QuestionID: 05-1-10
Page-Reference: 137
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: applied
Answer: secondary
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Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2008 Pearson Canada Inc.
11. Applying Cooley's criteria, which is the best illustration of a primary group?
a PTA meeting
a family gathering for Christmas
a corporate board meeting
a reunion of the graduating class of 1977
a package tour to Europe
QuestionID: 05-1-11
Page-Reference: 137
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: applied
12. Applying Cooley's criteria, which of the following is the best illustration of a secondary group?
QuestionID: 05-1-12
Page-Reference: 137
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: applied
a means to an end
social orientation
short-term
medium-term
goal orientation
QuestionID: 05-1-13
Page-Reference: 137
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: conceptual
social orientation
personal orientation
an end in itself
long-term
short-term
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Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2008 Pearson Canada Inc.
QuestionID: 05-1-14
Page-Reference: 137
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: conceptual
Answer: short-term
small size
warm, informal interaction
strong emotional ties
long-term duration
goal orientation
QuestionID: 05-1-15
Page-Reference: 138
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: conceptual
QuestionID: 05-1-16
Page-Reference: 138
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: conceptual
Answer: They are important for what they can do for us.
17. What is the term for group leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks?
QuestionID: 05-1-17
Page-Reference: 138
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: factual
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Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2008 Pearson Canada Inc.
18. A group where the leader focuses on the accomplishment of goals uses:
QuestionID: 05-1-18
Page-Reference: 138
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: applied
19. What is the term for group leadership that emphasizes collective well-being?
QuestionID: 05-1-19
Page-Reference: 138
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: factual
20. You are asked to assume leadership of a troubled group that is rife with debilitating conflict. To
restore stability, what leadership style should you adopt?
task group leadership
expressive leadership
secondary group leadership
instrumental leadership
authoritarian leadership
QuestionID: 05-1-20
Page-Reference: 138
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: applied
21. In which type of leadership situation will the leader form a secondary, but not primary, relationship
with other group members?
task group leadership
expressive leadership
authoritarian leadership
secondary group leadership
instrumental leadership
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Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2008 Pearson Canada Inc.
QuestionID: 05-1-21
Page-Reference: 138
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: conceptual
task group
expressive
authoritarian
secondary group
instrumental
QuestionID: 05-1-22
Page-Reference: 138
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: conceptual
Answer: instrumental
23. A successful leader uses humour to lighten serious moments in what type of leadership?
task group
expressive
authoritarian
secondary group
instrumental
QuestionID: 05-1-23
Page-Reference: 138
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: conceptual
Answer: expressive
24. A female has been assigned a leadership role in your group. Given tradition, what type of
leadership style would she be expected to show?
task group leadership
expressive leadership
authoritarian leadership
secondary group leadership
instrumental leadership
QuestionID: 05-1-24
Page-Reference: 138
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: applied
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Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2008 Pearson Canada Inc.
25. ________ leaders focus on instrumental concerns, make decisions unilaterally, and demand strict
compliance from subordinates.
Authoritarian
Laissez-faire
Democratic
Bureaucratic
Creative
QuestionID: 05-1-25
Page-Reference: 139
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: conceptual
Answer: Authoritarian
26. You have been asked to lead a group that needs to learn how to make collective decisions on an
egalitarian basis. What leadership style would you use?
authoritarian
laissez-faire
democratic
bureaucratic
creative
QuestionID: 05-1-26
Page-Reference: 139
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: applied
Answer: democratic
27. ________ leaders tend to downplay position and power, allowing the group to function on its own.
Authoritarian
Laissez-faire
Democratic
Bureaucratic
Creative
QuestionID: 05-1-27
Page-Reference: 139
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: conceptual
Answer: Laissez-faire
28. Which of the following statements is consistent with Solomon Asch's findings?
Many people compromise their own judgment to avoid being seen as different.
Many people pick friends who disagree with them.
Ordinary people rarely lie to people in power.
Few people are confused in group situations.
People rarely look to others for information.
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Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2008 Pearson Canada Inc.
QuestionID: 05-1-28
Page-Reference: 139
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: conceptual
Answer: Many people compromise their own judgment to avoid being seen as different.
29. Asch's study in which participants were asked to match a "standard" line to one of three
comparison lines demonstrates how individuals
will conform when they are in a group of people who are important to them.
will conform when they are in a group of people who have power over them.
will conform in order to avoid the discomfort of being different.
will not conform unless they are paid to do so.
work hard to maintain their independence in groups.
QuestionID: 05-1-29
Page-Reference: 139
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: conceptual
During times of war, values toward authorities and violence change markedly.
Thresholds of physical pain differ substantially.
People are surprisingly likely to follow not only the directions of "legitimate authority figures," but also
those of groups of "ordinary individuals."
The conclusions from Solomon Asch's study of conformity were incorrect.
Authority figures are usually mistrusted and are not effective in eliciting obedience in experimental
situations.
QuestionID: 05-1-30
Page-Reference: 140
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: conceptual
Answer: People are surprisingly likely to follow not only the directions of "legitimate authority figures," but
also those of groups of "ordinary individuals."
31. What is the sociological term for group members to conform, resulting in a narrow view of some
issue?
conformist cognizance
doublethink
blind spot
tunnel vision
groupthink
QuestionID: 05-1-31
Page-Reference: 141
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: factual
Answer: groupthink
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Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2008 Pearson Canada Inc.
32. Which of the following represents "groupthink"?
A group shares information widely and makes an excellent community policy recommendation.
A group leader makes a decision without consulting anyone, and the decision is a bad one.
A group follows the policy directives of their constituency "to the letter."
A group seeks consensus, not opinion differences, and as a result makes a poor policy
recommendation.
A group seeks opinion differences, and as a result makes a poor policy recommendation.
QuestionID: 05-1-32
Page-Reference: 141
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: applied
Answer: A group seeks consensus, not opinion differences, and as a result makes a poor policy
recommendation.
33. A social group that serves as a point of reference in making evaluations or decisions is called a/an:
outsider group.
authority group.
reference group.
emulation group.
think tank.
QuestionID: 05-1-33
Page-Reference: 141
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: factual
34. A young graduate student is trying to figure out how her professor will respond to her research
paper. What type of group does her professor represent?
outsider group
authority group
reference group
emulation group
master group
QuestionID: 05-1-34
Page-Reference: 141
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: applied
35. What is an accurate generalization from Stouffer's studies of World War II soldiers?
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Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2008 Pearson Canada Inc.
QuestionID: 05-1-35
Page-Reference: 141
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: conceptual
Answer: Whatever our situation, we form a subjective sense of our well-being by looking at ourselves in
relation to specific reference groups.
36. A social group that a member feels respect and commitment toward is a/an:
partisan group.
reference group.
out-group.
subculture.
in-group.
QuestionID: 05-1-36
Page-Reference: 142
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: factual
Answer: in-group.
37. A social group toward which a member feels competition or opposition is a/an:
in-group.
reference group.
out-group.
subculture.
partisan group.
QuestionID: 05-1-37
Page-Reference: 142
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: factual
Answer: out-group.
QuestionID: 05-1-38
Page-Reference: 142
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: conceptual
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Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2008 Pearson Canada Inc.
39. A sociological term for a social group with two members is a/an:
pair.
triad.
myriad.
couple.
dyad.
QuestionID: 05-1-39
Page-Reference: 142
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: factual
Answer: dyad.
QuestionID: 05-1-40
Page-Reference: 142
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: conceptual
Answer: Dyads are less stable than groups with many members.
pyramidal organization.
social group with three members.
term for a trial marriage.
unstable social group.
three-generational family.
QuestionID: 05-1-41
Page-Reference: 142
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: factual
42. Which of the following statements regarding the influence of social diversity on intergroup contact
is true?
Heterogeneous groups turn inward.
Social disparity promotes contact.
Social boundaries foster physical boundaries.
Segregated groups turn outward.
Large groups turn inward.
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Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2008 Pearson Canada Inc.
QuestionID: 05-1-42
Page-Reference: 143
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: conceptual
43. You are linked by weak social ties to persons with whom you have little in common in terms of
identity and interaction. The sociological term for these linkages is:
a network.
a structural web.
a lineage.
social structure.
camaraderie.
QuestionID: 05-1-43
Page-Reference: 143
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: conceptual
Answer: a network.
44. Which of the following is a way in which social diversity influences intergroup contact?
QuestionID: 05-1-44
Page-Reference: 143
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: conceptual
primary relationships
strong sense of membership
sharp boundaries of membership
indirect connections among the members
secondary relationships
QuestionID: 05-1-45
Page-Reference: 143-144
Topic: Social Groups
Skill: conceptual
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Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2008 Pearson Canada Inc.
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