Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2.
Many variables are normally distributed, and 0.35 0
the distribution can be used to describe these
variables. 9.
The area is found by looking up z œ 2.07 in
3. Table E as shown in Block 1 of Procedure
One or 100%. Table 6. Area œ 0.4808
4.
50% of the area lies below the mean, and
50% lies above the mean.
5.
68%, 95%, 99.7%
6. 2.07 0
The area is found by looking up z œ 1.66 in
Table E as shown in Block 1 of Procedure 10.
0 1.66
7.
86
Chapter 6 - The Normal Distribution
The area is found by looking up z œ 0.75 in
Table E as shown in Block 1 of Procedure 0 1.10
Table 6. Area œ 0.2734
11.
The area is found by looking up z œ 0.23 in
Table E and subtracting it from 0.5 as shown
in Block 2 of Procedure Table 6.
87
Chapter 6 - The Normal Distribution
11. continued 15.
0.5 0.0910 œ 0.4090 The area is found by looking up the values
0.79 and 1.28 in Table E and subtracting the
areas as shown in Block 3 of Procedure
Table 6. 0.3997 0.2852 œ 0.1145
0 0.23
12.
The area is found by looking up z œ 0.48 in
Table E and subtracting the area from 0.5. 0 0.79 1.28
0.5 0.1844 œ 0.3156
16.
The area is found by looking up the values
0.96 and 0.36 in Table E and subtracting the
areas. 0.3315 0.1406 œ 0.1909
0.48 0
13.
The area is found by looking up z œ 1.43 in
Table E and subtracting it from 0.5 as shown 0.96 0.36 0
in Block 2 of Procedure Table 6.
0.5 0.4236 œ 0.0764 17.
The area is found by looking up the values
1.56 and 1.83 in Table E and subtracting the
areas as shown in Block 3 of Procedure
Table 6. 0.4664 0.4406 œ 0.0258
1.43 0
14.
The area is found by looking up the values
1.23 and 1.90 in Table E and subtracting the 1.83 1.56 0
areas. 0.4713 0.3907 œ 0.0806
18.
0.3686 0.0948 œ 0.4634
0 1.23 1.90
1.12 0 0.24
88
Chapter 6 - The Normal Distribution
19. 23. continued
The area is found by looking up the values
2.47 and 1.03 in Table E and adding them
together as shown in Block 4 of Procedure
Table 6. 0.3485 0.4932 œ 0.8417
0.15 0
24.
0.5 0.4842 œ 0.0158
1.03 0 2.47 0.5 0.4474 œ 0.0526
0.0158 0.0526 œ 0.0684
20.
2.15 0 1.62
0 1.31 25.
The area is found by looking up the values
21. 1.92 and 0.44 in Table E, subtracting both
The area is found by looking up z œ 2.11 in areas from 0.5, and adding them together as
Table E, then adding the area to 0.5 as shown in Block 7 of Procedure Table 6.
shown in Block 5 of Procedure Table 6. 0.5 0.4726 œ 0.0274
0.5 0.4826 œ 0.9826 0.5 0.1700 œ 0.3300
0.0274 0.3300 œ 0.3574
0 2.11
0.44 0 1.92
22.
1.92 0
0 1.69
23.
89
Chapter 6 - The Normal Distribution
0 0.67 0 2.83
28. 32.
0.3907 0.5 0.4616 œ 0.0384
1.23 0 1.77 0
29. 33.
The area is found by looking up z œ 1.57 in The area is found by looking up z œ 1.21 in
Table E as shown in Block 1 of Procedure Table E then subtracting the area from 0.5 as
Table 6. Area œ 0.4418 shown in Block 2 of Procedure Table 6.
0.5 0.3869 œ 0.1131
1.57 0
1.21 0
30.
0 1.16
0.05 0 1.10
31.
90
Chapter 6 - The Normal Distribution
36. 40.
0.4236 0.3686 œ 0.055 1.32
41.
zœ 1.94, found by looking up the area
0.4738 in Table E to get 1.94; it is negative
because the z value is on the left side of 0.
42.
0 1.12 1.43 0.5 0.0239 œ 0.4761
zœ 1.98
37.
The area is found by looking up the values 43.
1.46 and 2.97 in Table E and subtracting the zœ 2.13, found by subtracting 0.0166
areas as shown in Block 3 of Procedure
from 0.5 to get 0.4834 then looking up the
Table 6. 0.4985 0.4279 œ 0.0706
area to get z œ 2.13; it is negative because
the z value is on the left side of 0.
44.
0.9671 0.5 œ 0.4671
zœ 1.84
46.
a. 0.5398 0.5 œ 0.0398
z œ 0.10
1.39 0
39.
The area is found by looking up z œ 1.42 in
Table E and adding 0.5 to it as shown in
Block 5 of Procedure Table 6.
0.5 0.4222 œ 0.9222 0 0.10
91
Chapter 6 - The Normal Distribution
0 0.58 0.27 0
2.28 0
1.96 0 1.96
b. z œ 0.92, found by subtracting 0.5
from 0.8212 to get 0.3212. Find the area in b. z œ „ 1.65, found by:
Table E, then find z. It is negative since the 0.10 ƒ 2 œ 0.05 is the area in each tail.
z value falls to the left of 0. 0.5 0.05 œ 0.4500 is the area needed to
determine z.
0.92 0
1.65 0 1.65
c. z œ 0.27, found by subtracting 0.5
from 0.6064 to get 0.1064. Find the area in c. z œ „ 2.58, found by:
Table E, then find z. It is negative since the 0.01 ƒ 2 œ 0.005 is the area in each tail.
z value falls to the left of 0. 0.5 0.005 œ 0.4950 is the area needed to
determine z.
92
Chapter 6 - The Normal Distribution
57.
ÐX 0)#
/ X#
2(1)# e
0 0.84 yœ œ 2
1È 21 È21
93
Chapter 6 - The Normal Distribution
58. continued 2b. continued
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
-2 -1 0 1 2
2.46 0
3.
EXERCISE SET 6-4 .
zœ 5
1.
z œ $3. $0.79 .39 œ 3.03 a. z œ 700, 50,200 ,319
œ 1.63
area œ 0.4988 area œ 0.4484
P(z < 3.03) œ 0.5 0.4988 œ 0.0012 or
0.12% P(z > 1.63) œ 0.5 0.4484 œ 0.0516 or
5.16%
3.03 0
0 1.63
2.
P( 2.46 < z < 0.62) œ 0.4931 0.2324 P( 2.36 < z < 0.36) œ 0.4909 0.1406
P œ 0.7255 or 72.55% P œ 0.3503 or 35.03%
b. z œ 2.46 4.
area œ 0.4931 For the 90th percentile, area œ 0.4 and
z œ 1.28
P(z < 2.46) œ 0.5 0.4931 œ 0.0069 B œ 1.28(90) 1019
or 0.007 B œ 1134.2 or 1134
94
Chapter 6 - The Normal Distribution
5. 6b. continued
.
zœ 5 z œ 4 œ 1.75
area œ 0.4599
a. z œ 10 œ 2.5
area œ 0.4938 P(0.5 z 1.75) œ 0.4599 0.1915
œ 0.2684 or 26.84%
z œ 10 œ 0.5
area œ 0.1915
0.5 1.75
c. z œ 4 œ 1.5
area œ 0.4332
1.5 0.25 0
2.5 7.
.
zœ 5
6.
area œ 0.2734
area œ 0.1443
z œ 4 œ 0.75
P(z > 0.37) œ 0.5 0.1443 œ 0.3557
area œ 0.2734 or 35.57%
P( 0.75 z 0.75) œ 0.2734 0.2734
œ 0.5468 or 54.68%
0 0.37
$75, ,900
b. z œ œ 0.99
0.75 0 0.75
area œ 0.3389
$11,000
b. z œ 4 œ 0.5
P(z > 0.99) œ 0.5 0.3389
area œ 0.1915
œ 0.8389 or 83.89%
95
Chapter 6 - The Normal Distribution
7b. continued 9. continued
b. z œ 0.56
.2
œ 2.14 area œ 0.4838
8.
a. z œ 15, 1500 ,837 œ 1.44
area œ 0.4251
P( z > 1.44) œ 0.5 0.4251 œ 0.0749 or
7.49% 2.14 0.36
0 1.44
10.
z œ 6.1 .5 œ 0.74
area œ 0.2704
9. 11.
.
zœ 5
.
zœ 5
a. z œ 1.
0.56
.2
œ 3.04 area œ 0.4988 a. z œ 1100 œ 2.06
area œ 0.4803
P(z 3.04) œ 0.5 0.4988 œ 0.0012
or 98.03%
3.04 0
96
Chapter 6 - The Normal Distribution
2.06 0.94 0
0 0.67
c. z œ 1100 œ 0.24
area œ 0.0948 1.88 0
0.24 0.67
12. 0 0.94
a. z œ 17 œ 1.41 area œ 0.4207
c. Use the range rule of thumb:
P(z 1.41) œ 0.5 0.4207 œ 0.0793 If Range œ 16, then the range is 16 † 4 œ 64.
4
14.
a. z œ 2.3
.2
œ 0.35 area œ 0.1368
0 1.41
97
Chapter 6 - The Normal Distribution
14. continued 15b. continued
b. z œ 2.3 .2 œ 2.96 area œ 0.4985 P(z 1.53 or z 0.42) œ
(0.5 0.4370) (0.5 0.1628) œ
P(z 2.96) œ 0.5 0.4985 œ 0.9985 0.063 0.3372 œ 0.4002
c. z œ .2
œ 1.83 area œ 0.4664 c. For 15 minutes, z œ 2.36.
2.3
P(z 2.36) œ 0.5 0.4909 œ 0.0091
zœ .2
œ 0.78 area œ 0.2823 Since the probability is small, it is not likely
2.3
that a person would be seated in less than 15
P( 1.83 z 0.78) œ 0.4664 0.2823 minutes.
œ 0.7487
16.
The top 25% (area) is in the left tail of the
normal curve, since the top scores in a race
would be scores that are below the mean.
The corresponding z score is found using
area œ 0.5 0.25 œ 0.25 so z œ 0.67.
Thus B œ 0.67(3.6) 45.8 œ 43.39
1.83 0 0.78 seconds.
2.36 0.42
b. z œ 3.6
.5
œ 1.53 area œ 0.4370
zœ 3.6
.5
œ 0.42 area œ 0.1628 $5518.25 $7465.75
98
Chapter 6 - The Normal Distribution
17. continued 21. continued
Yes, a boat priced at $5550 would be sold in
this store.
18.
The middle 50% means that 25% of the area
will be on either side of the mean. Thus,
area œ 0.25 and z œ „ 0.67.
0 2.51
B œ 0.67(103) 792 œ 861.01
Bœ 0.67(103) 792 œ 722.99
For the least expensive 10%, the area is 0.4
on the left side of the curve. Thus,
The contributions are between 723 and 861.
zœ 1.28.
Bœ 1.28(100) 949 œ $821
22.
The bottom 5% (area) is in the left tail of the
normal curve. The corresponding z score is
found using area œ 0.5 0.05 œ 0.45.
723 861 Thus z œ 1.65.
Bœ 1.65(18) 122.6 œ 92.9 or 93
19.
The middle 80% means that 40% of the area
will be on either side of the mean. The
corresponding z scores will be „ 1.28.
Bœ 1.28(92) 1810 œ 1692.24 sq. ft.
B œ 1.28(92) 1810 œ 1927.76 sq. ft.
92.9 122.6
23.
The middle 60% means that 30% of the area
will be on either side of the mean. The
corresponding z scores will be „ 0.84.
1692 1810 1928 Bœ 0.84(1150) 8256 œ $7290
B œ 0.84(1150) 8256 œ $9222
20.
z œ „ 1.28
Bœ 1.28(1500) 145,500 œ $143,580
B œ 1.28(1500) 145,500 œ $147,420
24.
For the oldest 20%, the area is 0.3 on the
143,580 145,500 147,420 right side of the curve. Thus, z œ 0.84.
22.8 œ 0.845 19.4
21. = œ 4.048 or 4.05 years
z œ 100 œ 2.51
area œ 0.4940 25.
For the fewest 15%, the area is 0.35 on the
P( z > 2.51) œ 0.5 0.4940 œ 0.006 or left side of the curve. Thus, z œ 1.04.
0.6% Bœ 1.04(1.7) 5.9
B œ 4.132 days
99
Chapter 6 - The Normal Distribution
27.
The bottom 18% means that 32% of the area
is between 0 and z. The corresponding z 62 70.32
score will be 0.92.
Bœ 0.92(6256) 24,596 œ $18,840.48 31.
a. . œ 120 5 œ 20
b. . œ 15 5 œ 2.5
c. . œ 30 5œ5
32.
No. Any subgroup would not be a perfect
representation of the seniors; therefore, the
$18,840.48 $24,596
mean and standard deviation would be
different.
28.
The middle 50% means that 25% of the area
33.
is on either side of the mean. The
There are several mathematical tests that can
corresponding z scores will be „ 0.67.
be used including drawing a histogram and
Bœ 0.67(5) 40 œ $36.65
calculating Pearson's index of skewness.
B œ 0.67(5) 40 œ $43.35
34.
No. The shape of the distributions would be
the same, since z scores are raw scores
scaled by the standard deviation.
35.
$36.65 $40 $43.35 2.87% area in the right tail of the curve
means that 47.13% of the area is between 0
29. and z, corresponding to a z score of 1.90.
577.
Rabboth, fol. 302 b; Devarim Rabba, fol. 246, col. 2.
578.
Weil, pp. 188, 189.
579.
Weil, p. 190.
580.
Rabboth, fol. 302 b.
581.
Weil, pp. 190, 191.
582.
Lyra Anglicana, London, 1864, “The Burial of Moses.”
583.
Talmud, Tract. Sota, fol. 14 a.
584.
Tabari, i. p. 396.
585.
Talmud of Jerusalem; Tract. Terumoth.
586.
Josh. vii. 1-5.
587.
Tabari, i. p. 402.
588.
Koran, Sura ii. v. 55, 56.
589.
Tabari, p. 404.
590.
Tabari, p. 401.
591.
Ibid. p. 404.
592.
Berescheth Rabba.
593.
The Mussulmans say Khasqîl or Ezechiel.
594.
Judges i. 4.
595.
Tabari, i. p. 404.
596.
Eisenmenger, i. p. 395.
597.
Hist. Dynast. p. 24.
598.
Tabari, i. c. lxxxvii.
599.
D’Herbelot, Bibl. Orient., s. v. Aschmouil.
600.
Koran, Sura ii. v. 247, 248.
601.
Koran, Sura ii. v. 248.
602.
D’Herbelot, Bib. Orientale, t. i. p. 263.
603.
Tabari, i. p. 417.
604.
This incident, from the apocryphal gospels of the childhood of
Christ, shall be related in the Legendary Lives of New
Testament Characters.
605.
Weil, pp. 193-8.
606.
Koran, Sura ii. v. 250.
607.
Tabari, i. p. 418.
608.
Perhaps the passage in Psalm cvii. 35 may refer to this
miracle, unrecorded in Holy Scripture.
609.
Weil, pp. 200, 201.
610.
Koran, Sura ii. v. 251.
612.
Tabari, i. p. 421.
613.
Ibid.
614.
Tabari, i. p. 422; Weil, pp. 202-4; D’Herbelot, i. p. 362.
615.
Weil, pp. 205-8.
616.
Tabari, i. p. 423. The same story is told of the escape of S.
Felix of Nola, in the Decian persecution.
617.
Tabari, i. p. 429.
618.
Weil, p. 207.
619.
Tabari, i. p. 424.
620.
Ps. li. 5.
621.
Midrash, fol. 204, col. 1.
622.
Ps. cxviii. 22.
623.
See the story in the Legends of Adam.
624.
Zohar, in Bartolocci, i. fol. 85, col. 2.
625.
Jalkut, fol. 32, col. 2 (Parasch 2, numb. 134).
626.
Ibid. (Parasch. 2, numb. 127).
627.
1 Sam. xvii. 43.
628.
2 Sam. iii. 29.
629.
Zohar, in Bartolocci, i. fol. 99, col. 1.
630.
Talmud, Tract. Sanhedrim, fol. 107.
631.
1 Kings ii. 11.
632.
2 Sam. v. 5.
633.
Bartolocci, i. f. 100.
634.
1 Sam. xxiv. 4.
635.
Bartolocci, i. f. 122, col. 1.
636.
1 Kings i. 1.
637.
Bartolocci, i. f. 122, col. 2.
638.
Ps. lvii. 9; Bartolocci, i. fol. 125, col. 2.
639.
Talmud, Tract. Sota, fol. 10 b.
640.
Ps. xxii. 21.
641.
Midrash Tillim, fol. 21, col. 2.
642.
Eisenmenger, i. p. 409.
643.
Ps. xviii. 36.
644.
Ps. lv. 6.
645.
Ps. lxviii. 13.
646.
Talmud, Tract. Sanhedrim, fol. 95, col. 1.
647.
Tract. Sabbath, fol. 30, col. 2.
648.
Tabari, i. p. 426; Weil, p. 208.
649.
Weil, p. 207.
650.
Tabari, p. 428.
651.
The Arabs call her Saga.
652.
The story in the Talmud is almost the same, with this
difference: Bathsheba was washing herself behind a beehive,
then the beautiful bird perched on the hive, and David shot an
arrow at it and broke the hive, and exposed Bathsheba to view.
In the Rabbinic tale, David had asked for the gift of prophecy,
and God told him he must be tried. This he agreed to, and the
temptation to adultery was that sent him. (Talmud, Tract.
Sanhedrim, fol. 107, col. 2; Jalkut, fol. 22, col. 2.)
653.
Koran, Sura xxxviii.
654.
Weil, pp. 212, 213.
655.
Weil, pp. 213-224.
656.
Greek text, and Latin translation in Fabricius: Pseudigr. Vet.
Test. t. ii. pp. 905-7.
657.
;סגולות ורפואותAmst. 1703.
658.
Solomon was twelve years old when he succeeded David.
(Abulfeda, p. 43; Bartolocci, iv. p. 371.)
659.
Weil, pp. 225-231; Eisenmenger, p. 440, &c.
660.
Weil, pp. 231-4.
661.
The story of the building of the temple, with the assistance of
Schamir, has been already related by me in my “Curious Myths
of the Middle Ages.”
662.
The Rabbinic story and the Mussulman are precisely the same,
with the difference that Benaiah, the son of Jehoiada, instead
of the Jinns, lies in ambush and captures Sachr or Aschmedai
(Asmodeus). (Eisenmenger, i. 351-8.) As I have given the
Jewish version in my “Curious Myths of the Middle Ages,” I
give the Arab story here.
663.
Weil, pp. 234-7; Talmud, Tract. Gittin. fol. 68, cols. 1, 2.
664.
Jalkut Schimoni, fol. 90, col. 4.
665.
Tabari, i. p. 435.
666.
Tabari, i. p. 436.
667.
Koran, Sura xxvii.; Tabari, i. c. xcviii.; Weil, pp. 237-9.
668.
The Jews also believed in a purgatory; see Bartolocci, i. 342.
669.
Targum Scheni Esther, fol. 401, tells the same of the moorcock.
670.
This is the letter according to Rabbinic authors: “Greeting to
thee and to thine; from me, King Solomon. It is known to thee
that the holy, ever-blessed God has made me lord and king
over the wild beasts and birds of heaven, and over the devils,
and spirits, and ghosts of the night, and that all kings, from the
rising to the down-setting of the sun, come and greet me. If
thou also wilt come and salute me, then will I show thee great
honour above all the kings that lie prostrate before me. But if
thou wilt not come, and wilt not salute me, then will I send
kings, and soldiers, and horsemen against thee. And if thou
sayest in thine heart, ‘Hath King Solomon kings, and soldiers,
and horsemen?’ then know that the wild beasts are his kings,
and soldiers, and horsemen. And if thou sayest, ‘What, then,
are his horsemen?’ know that the birds of heaven are his
horsemen. His army are ghosts, and devils, and spectres of the
night; and they shall torment and slay you at night in your beds,
and the wild beasts will rend you in the fields, and the birds will
tear the flesh off you.” This letter, the Jews say, was sent to the
Queen of Sheba by a moorcock. (Targum Scheni Esther, fol.
401, 440.)
671.
According to another account, “that she had ass’s legs” (Weil,
p. 267). Tabari says, “hairy legs” (i. p. 441).
672.
Weil, pp. 246-267; Tabari, i. cc. 94, 95.
673.
Weil, pp. 267-9.
674.
Tabari, i. c. xcvi. p. 448.
675.
Weil, pp. 269-271; Tabari, pp. 450, 451.
676.
Koran, Sura xxxviii.
677.
Tabari, pp. 460, 461.
678.
In the Jewish legend, Asmodeus. In “Curiosities of Olden
Times” I have pointed out the connection between the story of
the disgrace of Solomon and that of Nebuchadnezzar,
Jovinian, Robert of Sicily, &c.
679.
Deut. xvii. 16, 17.
680.
Emek Nammelek, fol. 14; Gittin, fol. 68, col. 2; Eisenmenger, i.
pp. 358-60. The Anglo-Saxon story of Havelock the Dane
bears a strong resemblance to this part of the story of
Solomon.
681.
Eisenmenger, i. pp. 358-60; Weil, pp. 271-4; Tabari, c. 96.
682.
Weil, p. 274.
683.
Eisenmenger, i. 361.
684.
Tabari, p. 454.
685.
Koran, Sura xxxiv.; Tabari, c. 97; Weil, p. 279.
686.
Tabari, i. c. 84.
687.
Das Buch der Sagen und Legenden jüdischer Vorzeit, p. 45;
Stuttgart, 1845.
688.
Herbelot, Bibl. Orient., s. v. Zerib, iii. p. 607.
689.
Gemara, Avoda Sara, c. i. fol. 65.
690.
Anabasticon, iv. 2-12.
691.
Anabasticon, v. 1-14.
692.
Tract. Jebammoth, c. 4.
693.
Exod. xxxiii. 20.
694.
Isai. vi. 1.
695.
Deut. iv. 7.
696.
Isai. lv. 6.
697.
Tabari, i. c. 83.
698.
Bartolocci, i. p. 848.
699.
Sura, ii.
700.
Herbelot, Bibliothèque Orientale, iii. p. 89.
701.
Abulfaraj, p. 57.
702.
Hist. Eccles. lib. ix. cap. ult.
703.
Ibid., lib. xiv. c. 8.
Transcriber’s Notes:
Footnotes have been collected at the end of the text, and are
linked for ease of reference.
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