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MATTER
DIFFUSION
COMPRESSIBILITY
VOLUME
FLUIDITY
RIGIDITY
DENSITY
TEMPERATURE
MELTING /FUSION
FREEZING/SOLIDIFICATION
MELTING POINT
FREEZING POINT
BOILING/VAPORIZATION
CONDENSATION/ LIQUEFACTION
BOILING POINT
LIQUEFACTION POINT
LATENT HEAT
LATENT HEAT OF FUSION
LATENT HEAT OF VAPORIZATION
SUBLIMATION
SUBLIME
EVAPORATION
Characteristics of Matter
Anything that has mass and occupies space is called matter. Modern scientists
have classified matter in two ways:
i) On the basis of their appearance ( physical properties)- solid, liquid
and gas
ii) On the basis of their composition (chemical properties)- elements,
compounds and mixtures
Matter can change from one physical state to another on altering the
conditions of temperature and pressure
Conversion of State with Change in Temperature
NOTE:
1. The physical state of matter at room temperature can also be determined
by the m.p and b.p
• If the m.p and b.p is above room temperature (taken as 25°C) it is a
solid.
• If the m.p. and b.p is below room temperature it is a gas.
• If the m.p is below and b.p is above room temperature it is a liquid.
BOILING EVAPORATION
1. A process in which a substance 1. The process in which a substance
changes from the liquid state to changes from the liquid state to
the gaseous state at boiling the gaseous state below its
point boiling point.
• Melting /fusion: The process due to which a solid changes into a liquid
state at melting point by absorption of heat energy at atmospheric
pressure
• Freezing point: The temperature at which the liquid changes into the
solid state at atmospheric pressure.
a. Note: The numerical value of melting and freezing point is
same. E.g.: Melting point of ice is
0°Centigrade (C) or 273 Kelvin (K).
i. Freezing point of water is 0°C or 273 K)
• Latent heat: The heat energy hidden in the molecules during the
change of state of matter.
• Sublimate: The solid state of matter formed directly from its gaseous
state on cooling is known as sublimate.
• Evaporation: The phenomenon of change of a liquid into vapour at any
temperature below its boiling point is called evaporation.
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ENVKQVIDNLY
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jhTSRojj8K8