iii.

Formulae
a. loga p = log, P =1og,
logsp x log, b
log, a
b. logb pq =logb p + logb q
C. logbp=nlogb p
X
d. log, *=log, X- log, y
y

A
Componendo and Dividendo rule
If P a then p+q a+b
b p-q a-b
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