1.

Also known as the “Bull’s Eye Model’, the concentric zone “model” designed by Ernest Burgess was developed and
considered as an urban planning “model” regardless of its nature and context. It would appear that the commonality in
meaning is “abstraction of reality,” with the aim of either better understanding a real system or being able to predict its
behavior in relation to the cities. The model portrays how cities' social groups are spatially arranged in a series of rings.
2. is a technique and method of development that contributes to the organization, development and evolution of urban areas
and their urbanizing environs, based on economic, social, legal and aesthetic concepts and conditions in order to promote
the welfare of public and quality of environment.
3. : The minimum population needed to make a service viable at a particular place. If this size is not reached then a particular
activity will not start or will be closed down.
4. Model has since been updated to include not just a frame but an inner frame and an outer frame. The outer frame contains
economic activities that require proximity to the CBD but significant land space, such as educational institutions like
universities. The inner frame contains more services such as offices than the core, which is focused on retail and
entertainment. The updated model also includes two extra ‘zones’ of assimilation and discard. The zone of assimilation is
when the core and inner-frame activities of the CBD are pulled outwards in that direction.
5. The heritage of the city/town unfortunately does not comply with the contemporary needs. Hence, it presents both urgent
problems and formidable obstacles to the planner.
6. is based on a grid of right angles and the allocation of public and private space. The center of the city is the home of the
city's most important civic public spaces, including the agora, the bouleuterion, theaters, and temples. Private rooms
surround the city's public areas.
7. an art of shaping and guiding the physical growth of the town creating buildings and environments to meet the town
creating buildings and environments to meet the various needs such as social, cultural, economic and recreational etc. and
to provide healthy conditions for both rich and poor to live, to work, and to play or relax, thus bringing about the social and
economic well-being for the majority of mankind.
8. During a real-estate boom, private owners may break up tracts of farmland into town-sized building lots. In case the city-
town does not have a coordinated plan to handle such a situation, they (private owners) may create more urban building
lots within a decade than will probably be needed for several generations. Such exaggerated subdividing activity distorts
local land values and interferes with orderly urban growth.

9. The city planner cannot exactly say the future changes that may affect the city. But he/she can anticipate some of the
changes and provide for it in the plan. Though, these may turn inadequate in the long run. Thus, a planner in trying to
anticipate the future needs as related to the spatial pattern of the city, faces exceptional difficulties because he/she cannot
always foresee new inventions or their effects.

10. Geographical economic theory that refers to how the price and demand for real estate change as the distance from the
central business district (CBD). This is based upon the idea that retail establishments wish to maximize their profitability, so
they are much more willing to pay more for land close to the CBD and less for land further away from this area. The amount
they are willing to pay is called
11. The physical environment of a city includes its location, climate and its proximity to sources of food and water.
12. is a form of planning defined by geographic area—usually comprising a land area that encompasses multiple cities and
counties. In the UnitedStates, regions can also cross state lines. In part because of that large geographical scope, regional
planning can have many meanings and take many forms.
13. the "father" of rational city planning, and the city of Priene is a prime
14. example of his grid planned cities.
15. This is the maximum distance a consumer is willing to travel to purchase goods or avail of a service, beyond this
distance the consumer will not travel as the distance traveled for good service will outweigh the benefit. Range
has two limits
16. Primary employers, such as manufacturing as well as research and development companies, retail businesses. universities,
federal labs, Local government, cultural institutions, and departments of tourism all play strong roles in a city's economy.
17. is basically another word for urbanization. It refers to the migration of a population from populated towns and cities to low
density residential development over more and more rural land. The end result is the spreading of a city and its suburbs
over more and more rural areas.
18. Advanced by Paul Peterson in his 1981 book, City Limits, states that urban politicians and governing regimes are
subordinate to the overall economic principles that force cities to compete to capture new investment and capital.
19. The physical environment of a city includes its location, climate and its proximity to sources of food and water.
20. The Competitive nature of cities encourages the business elite and politicians to favor new development.
21. a line which indicates how much a person is prepared to pay for a unit of land at varying distance from the market/city
center. Land prices will decline as distance from
22. the CBD increases.
23. The model states that urban cities today are not like previous cities where most or all of the economic activities are in the
Central Business District (CBD), shopping malls and offices can also be in the residential areas. Having shopping centers and
offices outside of the CBD makes up realms that could be independent from one another.
24. theory was made by German geographer Walter Christaller and refined by German economist August Lösch. They both
concluded that the most efficient spatial arrangement of central places takes the form of a triangular lattice so that each
central place has a hexagonal market area.
25. Different sections of the city have unequal value as building sites as the underlying soil and rock formations affect the
soundness of the foundations, characteristics of subsoil drainage, etc. All these make for differences in the cost of
underground construction. At the same time, rough terrain has different advantages and disadvantages for different kinds
of buildings