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  • Epistemology

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    Willy Billy S. Cuamag
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    Epistemology is the science of how to acquire and validate knowledge according to Ayn Rand. It has two purposes: to show how knowledge can be acquired and to give a method for demonstrating if acquired knowledge is real. We can acquire knowledge through perception using our senses or reasoning based on perception. Validating knowledge involves reduction, consensus, and means of action to distinguish truth from opinion, which is subjective and based on emotions.

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    2. Epistemology

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    Epistemology is the science of how to acquire and validate knowledge according to Ayn Rand. It has two purposes: to show how knowledge can be acquired and to give a method for demonstrating if acquired knowledge is real. We can acquire knowledge through perception using our senses or reasoning based on perception. Validating knowledge involves reduction, consensus, and means of action to distinguish truth from opinion, which is subjective and based on emotions.

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    2 views22 pages

    Epistemology

    Uploaded by

    Willy Billy S. Cuamag
    Epistemology is the science of how to acquire and validate knowledge according to Ayn Rand. It has two purposes: to show how knowledge can be acquired and to give a method for demonstrating if acquired knowledge is real. We can acquire knowledge through perception using our senses or reasoning based on perception. Validating knowledge involves reduction, consensus, and means of action to distinguish truth from opinion, which is subjective and based on emotions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 22

    Everyday is a great

    opportunity to learn
    something new and
    unique.
    Have a great day!
    CLASS RULES
    P articipate every activity;
    K eep quiet; and
    L isten during discussion!
    .
    WHAT IS
    EPISTEMOLOGY?
    EPITEMOLOGY

    According to Ayn Rand,


    EPISTEMOLOGY is a
    science devoted to the
    discovery of the proper
    method of acquiring and
    validating knowledge
    PURPOSE OF
    EPISTEMOLOGY
    TWO-FOLD PURPOSE OF EPISTEMOLOGY

    TO SHOW HOW WE
    CAN AQUIRE
    KNOWLEDGE

    TO GIVE US METHOD OF DEMONSTRATING WHETHER


    THE KNOWLEDGE WE ACQUIRE IS REALLY
    KNOWLEDGE
    NATURE OF KNOWLEDGE

    According to Ayn Rand knowledge is


    a “Mental grasp of reality reached
    either by perceptual observation or by
    a process of reason based on
    perceptual observation” (Rand 1990)
    HOW DO WE ACQUIRE KNOWLEDGE?

    We can acquire
    knowledge using
    our sense:
    HOW DO WE ACQUIRE KNOWLEDGE?

    2. We can acquire
    knowledge by thinking
    with the use of our minds
    PROCESS OF ACQUIRING KNOWLDEGE

    REALITY

    To know is know something.


    This “something” is what
    philosophers call reality,
    existence, and being.
    PROCESS OF ACQUIRING KNOWLDEGE

    PERCEPTION

    Knowledge begins
    with perceptual
    knowledge.
    PROCESS OF ACQUIRING KNOWLDEGE

    CONCEPT

    An abstract or generic
    idea generalized from
    particular instances.
    PROCESS OF ACQUIRING KNOWLDEGE

    PROPOSITION

    A proposition is a statement that


    expresses either an assertion or a
    denial that an existent belongs to
    a class or possess a certain
    attribute.
    PROCESS OF ACQUIRING KNOWLDEGE

    INFERENCE

    Is a group of statements, one or


    more of which (the premises) are
    claimed to provide support for or
    reason believe one of the others
    (the conclusion)
    NATURE OF TRUTH
    FIRST STEP IN VALIDATING ONE’S
    KNOWLEDGE

    REDUCTION
    SECOND STEP IN VALIDATING ONE’S
    KNOWLEDGE

    CONSENSUS
    THIRD STEP IN VALIDATING ONE’S
    KNOWLEDGE

    MEANS OF
    ACTION
    TRUTH VS OPINION
    OPINION VS TRUTH
    Based on emotions Based on the facts of
    Open to reality
    interpretation Can be confirmed
    with other sources
    Cannot be
    Independent of one’s
    confirmed interpretation,
    Inherently biased preferences, and
    SUBJECTIVE biases
    OBJECTIVE

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