05 Apc Practice Problems 03 - 2d Motion - Solutions

FOS4 – Practice Problems – Two Dimensional Motion – APC
1) A displacement vector lying in the xy plane has a magnitude of 5.0 m and is directed at an angle of
120.0° to the positive x axis. What are the rectangular components of this vector?
2) In 1992, Akira Matsushima, from Japan, rode a unicycle across the United States, covering about
4,800 km in six weeks. Suppose that, during the trip, he had to find his way through a city with plenty of
one-way streets. In the city center, Matsushima had to travel in sequence 280 m north, 220 m east, 360
m north, 300 m west, 120 m south, 60 m east, 40 m south, 90 m west and then 70 m north. At that point,
he stopped to rest. Meanwhile, a curious crow decided to fly the distance from his starting point to the rest
location directly (“as the crow flies”. It took the crow 40 s to cover that distance. Assuming the velocity of
the crow was constant, find the magnitude and direction of the crow’s velocity. Assume 3 significant
figures for all numbers.
3) Find the magnitude and direction of the resultant displacement of three displacements having
rectangular components (3.00, 2.00) m, (-5.00, 3.00) m, and (6.00, 1.00) m.
Palmer 8/12/21
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4) Consider the two vectors A = 3!̂ - 2#̂ and B = -!̂ – 4#̂. Calculate (a) A + B, (b) A – B, (c) |A + B|, (d) |A –
B|, and (e) the directions of A + B and A – B. (assume 3 sig figs)
[I apologize for neglecting sig figs on my answers to (a) and (b).]
5) Consider the three displacement vectors A = (3!̂ – 3#̂) m, B = (!̂ – 4#̂) m, and C = (-2!̂ + 5#̂) m. Use the
component method to determine (a) the magnitude and direction of vector D = A + B + C, (b) the
magnitude and direction of E = -A – B + C. (assume 3 sig figs)
Palmer 8/12/21
6) A novice golfer on the green takes three strokes to sink the ball. The successive displacements are
4.00 m to the north, 2.00 m northeast, and 1.00 m at 30.0° west of south. Starting at the same initial point,
an expert golfer could make the hole with what single displacement?
7) Vector B has x, y, and z components of 4.00, 6.00, and 3.00 units, respectively. Calculate the
magnitude of B and the angles that B makes with the coordinate axes.
Palmer 8/12/21
8) The vector A has x, y, and z components of 8.00, 12.0, and -4.00 units respectively. (a) Write a vector
expression for A in unit-vector notation. (b) Obtain a unit-vector expression for a vector B on fourth the
length of A pointing the same direction as A. (c) Obtain a unit-vector expression for a vector C three times
the length of A pointing in the direction opposite the direction of A.
%) m and B = (2!̂ + 3#̂ – 7𝒌

9) Given the displacement vectors A = (3!̂ – 4#̂ + 4𝒌 %) m, find the magnitudes of
the vectors (a) C = A + B and (b) D = 2A – B, also expressing each in terms of its rectangular
components. (use 3 sig figs)
10) Vector A has a negative x component 3.00 units in length and positive y component 2.00 units in
length. (a) Determine an expression for A in unit-vector notation. (b) Determine the magnitude and
direction of A. (c) What vector B when added to A gives a resultant vector with no x component and a
negative y component 4.00 units in length?
Palmer 8/12/21
11) If A = (6.00!̂ – 8.00#̂) units, B = (-8.00!̂ + 3.00#̂) units, and C = (26.0!̂ + 19.0#̂) units, determine a and b
such that aA +bB + C = 0
Palmer 8/12/21
12) A golf ball is hit off a tee at the edge of a cliff. Its x and y coordinates as functions of time are given by
the following expressions: x = (18.0 m/s)t and y = (4.00 m/s)t – (4.90 m/s2) t2. (a) Write a vector
expression for the ball’s position as a function of time using the unit vectors !̂ and #̂. By taking derivatives,
obtain expressions for (b) the velocity vector v as a function of time and (c) the acceleration vector a as a
function of time. Next use unit-vector notation to write expressions for (d) the position, (e) the velocity,
and (f) the acceleration of the golf ball, all at t = 3.00 s.
Palmer 8/12/21
13) At t = 0, a particle moving in the xy plane with constant acceleration has velocity of vi = (3.00!̂ – 2.00#̂)
m/s and is at the origin. At t = 3.00s, the particle’s velocity is v = (9.00!̂ + 7.00#̂) m/s. Find (a) the
acceleration of the particle and (b) its coordinates at any time t.
14) A fish swimming in a horizontal plane has velocity vi = (4.00!̂ + 1.00#̂) m/s at a point in the ocean
where the position relative to a certain rock is ri = (10.0!̂ – 4.00#̂) m. After the fish swims with constant
acceleration for 20.0 s, its velocity is v = (20.0!̂ – 5.00#̂) m/s. (a) What are the components of the
acceleration? (b) What is the direction of the acceleration with respect to unit vector !̂? (c) If the fish
maintains constant acceleration, where is it at t = 25.0 s, and in what direction is it moving?
Palmer 8/12/21
Palmer 8/12/21
15) A particle initial located at the origin has an acceleration of a = 3.00#̂ m/s2 and an initial velocity of vi =
5.00!̂ m/s. Find (a) the vector position and velocity at any time t and (b) the coordinates and speed of the
particle at t = 2.00 s.
16) In a local bar, a customer slides an empty beer mug down the counter for a refill. The bartender is
momentarily distracted and does not see the mug, which slides off the counter and strikes the floor 1.40
m from the base of the counter. If the height of the counter is 0.860 m, (a) with what velocity did the mug
leave the counter, and (b) what was the direction of the mug’s velocity just before it hit the floor?
Palmer 8/12/21
Palmer 8/12/21
17) In a local bar, a customer slides an empty beer mug down the counter for a refill. The bartender is
momentarily distracted and does not see the mug, which slides off the counter and strikes the floor a
distance d from the base of the counter. If the height of the counter is h, (a) with what velocity did the mug
leave the counter, and (b) what was the direction of the mug’s velocity just before it hit the floor?
Palmer 8/12/21
18) A place-kicker must kick a football from a point 36.0 m (about 40 yards) from the goal, and half the
crowd hopes the ball will clear the crossbar, which is 3.05 m high. When kicked, the ball leaves the
ground with a speed of 20.0 m/s at an angle of 53.0° above the horizontal. (a) By how much does the ball
clear or fall short of clearing the crossbar? (d) Does the ball approach the crossbar while still rising or
while falling? (Use unit vectors to solve this problem.)
Palmer 8/12/21
19) A firefighter, a distance d from a burning building, directs a stream
of water from a fire hose at an angle θi above the horizontal as shown.
If the initial speed of the stream is vi, at what height h does the water
strike the building?
Palmer 8/12/21
20) An archer shoots an arrow with a velocity of 45.0 m/s at an angle of 50.0° with the horizontal. An
assistant standing on level ground 150 m downrange from the launch point throws an apple straight up
with the minimum initial speed necessary to meet the path of the arrow. (a) What is the initial speed of the
apple? (b) At what time after the arrow launch should the apple be thrown so that the arrow hits the
apple?
!
i direction only
!
j direction only
Palmer 8/12/21
21) A basketball player who is 2.00 m tall is standing on the
floor 10.0 m from the basket, as shown in the figure. If he
shoots the ball at a 40.0° angle with the horizonal, at what
initial speed must he throw it so that it goes through the
hoop without striking the backboard? The basked height is
3.05 m.
Palmer 8/12/21

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FOS4 – Practice Problems – Two Dimensional Motion – APC

[I apologize for neglecting sig figs on my answers to (a) and (b).]

%) m and B = (2!̂ + 3#̂ – 7𝒌

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