Chapter 3

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

1. Answer (A)
Bond order of CO = 3 & NO– = 2.5

2. Answer (D)

3. Answer (C)

4. Answer (A)

Molecular orbital diagram for B2 where Hund’s rule is violated.

2p2X
1s 2 * 1s 2 2s 2 * 2s 2
2p0Y
 Bond order = 1 and diamagnetic.

5. Answer (D)

Pyramidal
S
O F
F
6. Answer (D)

F O

Xe  See saw..

F O
7. Answer (C)

Be2 = 1s2*1s22s2*2s2

B2 = 1s2*1s22s2*2s22pz2

C2 = 1s2*1s22s2*2s22pz22px12py1

N2 = 1s2*1s22s2*2s22pz22px22py2

8. Answer (B, C)

Compound Number of lone pairs on central atom

BrF5  1
ClF3  2
XeF4  2
SF4  1

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9. Answer (A, C)
By MOT, C22– is diamagnetic as it is isoelectronic with N2.
By MOT, O22+ has bond order 3 and O2 has bond order 2. So, bond length of O22+ is shorter than O2.
N2+ and N2– have bond order 2.5
He2+, since has bond order 0.5 it has lower energy than He atoms.
10. Answer (B, C)
For symmetrical molecule  = 0
For unsymmetrical molecule   0

B  = 0, O = C = O  = 0, 0
:
S
F F sp
2 O O
sp

Cl
:

F F
:

  0, H — Se , Br  0
F F
91°
H 0 F Square Pyramidal

O
:

.
N   0, N   0, P 0
O O H H Cl Cl
H Cl

Cl

C   0,
H H
H

11. Answer (A, B, C)

H2O(l), K4[Fe(CN)6](s) and C6H6(l) are diamagnetic compounds. These compounds will be deflected upwards
from the magnetic field.
O2(g) is paramagnetic in nature. It will be attracted towards the magnetic field (downward).
12. Answer (A, D)

(A)

(B)

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(C)

(D)

13. Answer A(p, q, r, t); B(q, r, s, t); C(p, q, r); D(p, q, r, s)

Electronic configuration as

2p1x
B2  1s2 * 1s2 2s2 * 2s2
2p1y
 It is paramagnetic, as highest occupied orbital is partially filled and it is of bonding nature, therefore it will
readily undergo reduction.
When Zeff is less like B and N, then energy difference between 2s and 2pz is very small. Due to their same
symmetry mixing of s and p orbital take place.
Similarly in N2 b.o. is 3, it is diamagnetic, Neither it will undergo oxidation nor reduction.

O2 and O2 are paramagnetic.

14. Answer (C)

P. d – d ( bonding)

Q. p – d ( bonding)

R. p – d ( antibonding)

S. d – d ( antibonding)

15. Answer (4)

In CuSO4.5H2O, one molecule of water is H-bonded and other four molecules are bonded to metal centre.

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16. Answer (0 or 8)
Fa
Feq Feq
Feq Feq
Br

Presence of lone pair will distort all the bond angles and none of the bond angle is exactly equal to 90º
FaBrFeq = 84°
FeqBrFeq = 89°
17. Answer (4)
Cl – Be – Cl N3–
Hybridization sp Hybridisation sp
Structure linear structure linear
..
+ O
O=N O ..
O O

..
..

..
..
Hybridisation sp Hybridisation sp2
Structure linear Structure Trigonal planar

..
S ..
..

–
[Cl –..I – Cl]
..
Cl Cl 3
Hybridisation sp
3
Hybridisation sp d
Structure Angular Structure linear

.. – ..
[I –..I – I].. F –..Xe – F
..
3
Hybridisation sp d Hybridisation sp d
3

Structure linear Structure linear

 
NNO
Hybridisation sp
Structure linear

Only BeCl2, N3–, N2O and NO2 are linear with sp-hybridisation.
18. Answer (6)
H2 12s Diamagnetic

He2 12s 1*s1 Paramagnetic

Li2 12s 1*s 2 22s Diamagnetic

Be2 12s 1*s2 22s 2*s2 Diamagnetic

B2 12s 1*s2 22s 2*s2 12 px  12 py Paramagnetic

C2 12s 1*s2 22s 2*s 2 22 px  22 py Diamagnetic

N2 12s 1*s 2 22s 2*s 2 22 px  22 py 22 pz Diamagnetic

O2 12s 1*s 2 22s 2*s2 22 pz 22 px  22 py 2* p1  2* p1 Paramagnetic
x y

F2 12s 1*s2 22s *2s2 22 pz 22 px  22 py , 2* p2  2* p2 Diamagnetic
x y

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19. Answer (6)

Br
Br Br
Te It has one lone pair
Br Br
Br

Br It has two lone pairs

F
F
F
SN It has no lone pair
F
F
F
F
Xe It has three lone pairs
F

20. Answer (6)

Polar liquid will be attracted towards charged comb. Hence liquid showing deflection are HF, H2O, NH3, H2O2,
CHCl3, C6H5Cl.
21. Answer (–2640.00 to –2620.00) or (–5280.00 to –5240.00)
Potential energy of H-atom is taken as zero when electron and nucleus are at infinite distance (given).
 P.E. of a H-atom with electron in its ground state
= – 27.2 eV (from Bohr's Model)
At internuclear distance 'd0; electron-electron repulsion and nucleus-nucleus repulsion are absent.
 P.E. of two H-atom = – 2 × 27.2 eV = – 54.4 eV

54.4  1.6  1019  6.023  1023

=  kJ/mol
1000
= – 5242.42 kJ/mol



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