Equações de

estado
 Equações de estado
• f (P, V, T, m) = 0
• f(P, v, T) = 0
• Gás ideal: PV = nRT
• Van der Waals n2
( P+a
V 2 ) ( V −nb ) =nRT

• Uma forma útil para a equação de

estado de um gás real é
B (T ) C (T )
Pv=A ( T )+ + 2 +. . .
v v
 Gás ideal

Pv/T = R

Dióxido de carbono.
 Superfície PVT para um gás
ideal

02/09/22
 Diagramas PV e PT – GÁS
IDEAL

02/09/22
 Van der Waals
3 2
Pv −( Pb+RT ) v +av−ab=0
 Click to edit the outline text format

 Second Outline Level

 Third Outline Level

 Fourth Outline Level
 Fifth Outline Level
 Sixth Outline Level
• Seventh Outline LevelClick to edit Master
text styles

– Second level
• Third level
– Fourth level
» Fifth level
Superfície PVT – substância
real
 Click to edit the outline text format

 Second Outline Level

 Third Outline Level

 Fourth Outline Level
 Fifth Outline Level
 Sixth Outline Level
• Seventh Outline LevelClick to edit Master
text styles

– Second level
• Third level
– Fourth level
» Fifth level
Superfície PVT - real
 Click to edit the outline text format

 Second Outline Level

 Third Outline Level

 Fourth Outline Level
 Fifth Outline Level
 Sixth Outline Level
• Seventh Outline LevelClick to edit Master
text styles

– Second level
• Third level
– Fourth level
» Fifth level
Diagrama de fases
 Click to edit the outline text format

 Second Outline Level

 Third Outline Level

 Fourth Outline Level
 Fifth Outline Level
 Sixth Outline Level
• Seventh Outline LevelClick to edit Master
text styles

– Second level
• Third level
– Fourth level
» Fifth level
Diagrama de fases
 Click to edit the outline text format

 Second Outline Level

 Third Outline Level

 Fourth Outline Level
 Fifth Outline Level
 Sixth Outline Level
• Seventh Outline LevelClick to edit Master
text styles

– Second level
• Third level
– Fourth level
» Fifth level
 Ponto tríplice
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HEzkHqWIiKM
 Várias formas de gelo

02/09/22
Outros exemplos
 Click to edit the outline text format

 Second Outline Level

 Third Outline Level

 Fourth Outline Level
 Fifth Outline Level
 Sixth Outline Level
• Seventh Outline LevelClick to edit Master
text styles

– Second level
• Third level
– Fourth level
» Fifth level
 Exemplos de equações de
estado
• Arame ou uma barra sob tensão


L L0 [1    (T  T0 )]
YA
• O comprimento da barra depende da
tensão e da temperatura.
• Regime linear
• Fluido não-newtoniano (Erika)
 Exemplos de equações de
estado
• Material paramagnético
H
M Cc
T
• O momento magnético de um
paramagneto
Exemplos de materiais magnéticos
 Exemplos de equações de
estado
• Dielétrico

b
P= a+(T
E )
• O momento de dipolo total P de um
dielétrico em um campo elétrico
externo