Science 5

Science – Grade 5
Quarter 4 – Self Learning Module 10: Weather Disturbances!
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Pejay B. Sasotona
Editor: Mrs. Helen C. Jagmis
Reviewers:
Illustrator: Edison Clet
Layout Artist: Margie A. Rosario
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Carolina T. Rivera, CESE
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Manuel A. Laguerta EdD
Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
Bernard R. Balitao (AP/HUMSS)
Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao EdD (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
 Science 5
Quarter 4
Self-Learning Module 10
Weather Disturbances
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Science 5 Self-Learning Module10 on Weather Disturbances!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Science 5 Self-Learning Module10 on Weather Disturbances!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest – This measure how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

After going through this Self-Learning Module, it is expected that you will be
able to:
1. describe a low-pressure area;
2. describe monsoon winds;
3. identify the different weather disturbances: Depression, Storm,
Typhoon;
4. demonstrate the movement of a tropical cyclone.; and
5. realize the importance of having precautionary measures in times of
weather disturbances.

PRETEST
Direction: Write the word TRUE on the blank if the statement is correct and
FALSE if the statement is incorrect.

__________1. Low pressure area is an area where there is a low atmospheric

pressure in the surroundings.

__________2. A monsoon is characterized by a large whirling mass of air

moving in a counterclockwise direction.

__________3. There are four kinds of tropical cyclone namely depression,

storm, typhoon and super typhoon.

__________4. Northeast monsoon occurs during the month of October to March

while Southwest monsoon occurs during the month of July to

September.

__________5. High pressure area is the place where usually typhoon came

from.
 RECAP

Directions: The following situations show how soil erosion occurs. Identify
what causes the erosion to happen. Choose your answer in the box and write
it on the blank.

gravity human activities water

animals wind fire

_______________1. The soil from the hill eroded to the rice fields due to

flashfloods.

_______________2. Miners dig the mountain to look for precious stones and

other wealth deposited on it.

_______________3. During the sand storm in the desert, the sand dunes change

its formation.

_______________4. Dogs usually dig the soil using their front legs when they

smell something buried under.

_______________5. Energy that pulls everything down including the soil in

higher places.

LESSON

The Philippines is located at the Pacific Ring of Fire along the path of
Pacific Ocean that’s why our country is prone and vulnerable to natural
calamities most especially to the different weather disturbances. Weather
disturbance is a pulse of energy moving through the atmosphere that can
intensify the low-pressure system to form a storm. These are being monitored
by the meteorologist; they are the persons who are studying the weather
conditions in PAGASA (Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical
Services Administration).
 You have learned in your previous lesson that air is a state of matter
that occupies space and has mass. Looking up the sky, your eyes could not
see the air, but as a matter of fact there are lots of air molecules in our
atmosphere and they are exerting pressure towards the ground. Above the
atmosphere, the air pressure decreases because there are only few air
molecules.

How do low pressure area and high-pressure area happen? What causes
them to occur?

Low Pressure Area (LPA) is an

area where the air pressure is low at the
center compared to the area around it. It
usually happens when the wind blows
toward a low-pressure and rises in the
atmosphere where they meet making the
water vapor to condense into clouds or
sometimes in a form of rain. The wind of
a low-pressure system is swirling
counterclockwise. Simply, a low-pressure
system brings a bad or a rainy weather.

Figure 1: Low Pressure Area

Meanwhile, High Pressure Area

(HPA) is an area where the air pressure is
high at center compared to the area
around it. As a result, the wind blows
away from high pressure swirling around
in clockwise direction, opposite the
direction of the wind in a low-pressure
area. High pressure system brings a good
or sunny weather. A low-pressure area
can be the reason of the formation of a
typhoon if it is intensified by different
Figure 2: High Pressure Area
factors. Typhoon is a tropical cyclone
originating from tropical oceans. It is a rapid rotating wind with a low-
pressure center called “eye” where the weather is normally calm and free of
clouds.

There are four classification of Tropical Cyclone according to the

strength of the associated winds adopted by PAGASA.

1. Tropical Depression- a tropical cyclone where a maximum wind

blows near the center does not exceed to 64 kilometer per hour.
 2. Tropical Storm- a tropical cyclone where a maximum wind blows near
the center has a speed of 65-118 kilometer per hour.
3. Typhoon- a tropical cyclone where a maximum wind blows near the
center has a speed of 119-200 kilometers per hour.
4. Super Typhoon- a tropical cyclone where a maximum wind blows near
the center has a speed of greater than 200 kilometers per hour.

Figure 3: Tropical Cyclone

Monsoon is a seasonal change in the direction of the prevailing or

strongest winds of a region. It can cause wet and dry seasons throughout
much of the tropics.

Two Kinds of Monsoon in the Philippines

1. Southwest Monsoon (Habagat)

The air that is coming from equatorial ocean is a warm air and
its tendency is to rise. As it goes up, levels of evaporation increase and
it cools down as it moves to the north bringing rainfall to the affected
areas. Sometimes causing severe floods below hillsides and low-lying
areas. It usually starts from late April up to early October.
2. Northeast Monsoon (Amihan)
The air that is coming from the north part of the globe is cold air.
The tendency of the cold air is to go down particularly from the country
of Siberia, Mongolia and Northern China. Northeast monsoon usually
brings cool and dry weather. It starts from late September and early
October up to April.
 When the air masses coming from the north meets the air masses
coming from the south, inter-tropical convergence zone (ITCZ) is formed.
This is a narrow zone usually formed near the equator resulting to low
atmospheric pressure.

ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITY 1: Multiple Choice

Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on the
blank.

__________1. This is the area where in the center has low pressure compared
to the surrounding area. The air moves toward the center and
rises where they meet.
A. High Pressure Area
B. Low Pressure Area
C. High Pressure System
D. Low Pressure System

__________2. What do you call to the winds that is coming from the equatorial
oceans that brings warm air and heavy rains?
A. Typhoon
B. Northeast Monsoon
C. Southwest Monsoon
D. Weather disturbances

__________3. Why do air masses from cold areas like Siberia and Mongolia
goes down while the air masses from equatorial ocean goes up?
A. Because the warm air is light so it goes up.
B. Because the warm air is pulling the cold air down.
C. Because the cold air is heavy so its tendency is to go down.
D. Because the pressure of the cold air pushes the warm air to
rise due to its respective weights.

__________4. It is a weather pattern or seasonal change in the direction of the

prevailing or strongest winds in the region.
A. Monsoon
B. Northeast Monsoon
C. Southwest Monsoon
D. Tropical Depression
__________5. How do winds surrounding a tropical cyclone move?
A. Whirling wind forward
B. Whirling wind backward
C. Whirling wind clockwise
D. Whirling wind counterclockwise
ACTIVITY 2: Identification

Directions: Identify the different weather disturbances that is being described

in each number. Choose your answer on the box and write it on the blank.

tropical cyclone tropical depression super typhoon

typhoon tropical storm monsoon

_______________1. The maximum wind blows near the center is greater than

200 kilometer per hour.

_______________2. This is a typhoon that originates in tropical oceans of Asia

particularly in the Philippines.

_______________3. The maximum wind blows near the center has a speed of

119 up to 200 kilometer per hour.

_______________4. The maximum wind blows near the center has a speed of

65 up to 118 kilometer per hour.

_______________5. The maximum wind blows near the center does not exceed

to 64 kilometer per hour.

ACTIVITY 3: Matching Type

Directions: Match the words in Column A with their meanings in Column B.
Write the letter of the correct answer on the blank.
Column A Column B

__________1. meteorologist a. weather station for meteorologist in

the Philippines
__________2. PAGASA b. tropical cyclone originating from

tropical oceans of Asia

__________3. ITCZ c. studying the weather condition

__________4. Southwest Monsson d. converging of two air masses

__________5. typhoon e. Amihan

f. Habagat

WRAP-UP

Direction: Complete the chart below with the details needed to form the
concept of our lesson.

WEATHER
DISTURBANCES

Kinds of Pressure Area Monsoons

Tropical Cyclone
Direction: In two or three sentences, write what you have learned today in

our lesson.

Today I learned____________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

VALUING

Directions: Read and understand each situation carefully. Then write the
letter of the best answer in the blank.
__________1. What will you do in order to be updated with the weather bulletin
updates especially in times of typhoon?
A. stay at home
B. stay outdoor and play
C. watch the news updates
D. chat your friends and classmates

__________2. When are you going to wear thick clothes or sweat shirts to
protect your body from experiencing the cold breeze brought by
the monsoon?
A. During summer season.
B. During low pressure system.
C. When there is southeast monsoon.
D. When there is a northeast monsoon.

__________3. Why do you need to learn the different weather disturbances and
other weather related issues?
A. So that I can answer the test correctly.
B. So that I can boast it with my colleagues.
C. So that I will know what to do when these things happen.
D. So that I could be smarter than my classmates and be in top
of the class.
__________4. Philippines is prone to typhoon due its location. What attitude
should Filipino people possess in order to survive in every storm
they will face?
A. Filipinos must be resilient
B. Filipinos should be dependent on the government.
C. Filipinos should point to one another whose fault it is.
D. Filipinos should migrate to countries that are not vulnerable
to typhoon.

__________5. How are you going to protect your family from potential harm
when a typhoon is about to hit your place?
A. Attend party with your neighbors.
B. Go outside and look for a friend to hang with.
C. Charge your phone so could play when electricity is out.
D. Do the precautionary measures before, during and after the
typhoon and do not forget to pray to ask God for protection
and guidance.

POSTTEST

Directions: Identify the word that is being described in each item. Look for
the answers inside the box and write your answer on the blank.

high pressure area weather disturbances super typhoon

low pressure area monsoon eye of the typhoon

_______________1. It is a seasonal change of prevailing wind direction that

brings different kind of weather.
_______________2. The center of the typhoon that is usually calm compared to
its surrounding environment.
______________3. Usually formed in higher level of atmosphere where the
wind blows toward the center and rises resulting to rapid
evaporation of water that brings a bad weather.
 PRETEST RECAP
1. TRUE 1.WATER
2. FALSE 2. HUMAN ACTIVITIES
3. TRUE 3. WIND
4. TRUE 4. ANIMALS
5. FALSE 5. GRAVITY
ACTIVITIES
Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3
1. B 1. SUPER TYPHOON 1. C
2. C 2. TROPICAL CYCLONE 2. A
3. D 3. TYPHOON 3. D
4. A 4. TROPICAL STORM 4. F
5. D 5. TROPICAL DEPRESSION 5. B
WRAP-UP VALUING
KINDS OF PRESSURE MOSOONS 1. C
Low Pressure Area Southwest Monsoon 2. D
High Pressure Area Northwest Monsoon 3. C
TROPICAL CYLCONE 4. A
Tropical Depression 5. D
Tropical Storm
Typhoon POST TEST
Super Typhoon 1. MONSOON
2. EYE OF THE TYPHOON
3. LOW PRESSURE AREA
4. SUPER TYPHOON
5. WEATHER DISTURBANCES
KEY TO CORRECTION
could bring natural disaster.
_______________5. A pulse of energy moving through the atmosphere that
200 kilometer per hour.
_______________4. The maximum wind blows near the center is greater than
 References
“How Weather Works.” UCAR Center for Science Education. Accessed July
15, 2020.
https://scied.ucar.edu/learning-zone/how-weather-works/highs-and-
lows.air-pressure.

Inquirer, Philippine Daily. “in the Know. Monsoons.” INQUIRER.net, August

21, 2013.
https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/470619/in-the-know-monsoons.

“Intertropical Convergence Zone: Definition of Intertropical Convergence

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Convergence Zone.” Lexico Dictionaries | English. Lexico Dictionaries.
Accessed July 15, 2020
http://www.lexico.com/definition/intertropical_convergence_zone.

“Low-Pressure Area.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, July 3, 2020.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-pressure_area.

“Monsoon: Definition of Monsoon by Oxford Dictionary on Lexico.com Also

Meaning of Monsoon.” English. Lexico Dictionaries. Accessed July 15, 2020.
https://english.oxforddictionaries.com/monsoon.

National Geographic Society. “Monsoon.” National Geographic Society,

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https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/monsoon/.

“Natural Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction.” World Meteorological

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disaster-risk-reduction.

Sarmiento, Liberacion, Amelia Pascual, Anastacia Alcober, and Zenaida

Ranay. “Weather
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World of Science 5
https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/bestieeee/weather-disturbances

“What Is Low-Pressure Area? - Definition from Petropedia.” Petropedia.com.

Accessed July 13, 2020. https://www.petropedia.com/definition/7422/low-
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“WHAT IS MONSOON WEATHER?” Northeast Southwest Monsoon Weather

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Accessed July 15, 2020.
http://www.pgyc.org/monsoon-weather.php.