777D System Operation TC

777D Off-Highway Truck AGC00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY 3508B Engine(...
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Product: TRUCK
Model: 777D TRUCK AGC
Configuration: 777D Off-Highway Truck AGC00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY 3508B Engine
Systems Operation
776D and 777D Off-Highway Truck/Tractors Power Train
Media Number -RENR3319-05 Publication Date -01/09/2003 Date Updated -02/09/2003
i01911826
Torque Converter
SMCS - 3101
The torque converter is driven by the engine flywheel. The torque converter consists of an
impeller, a turbine, a lockup clutch, and a stator with a one-way clutch. The lockup clutch
permits the machine to operate in direct drive in order to keep the power loss at a minimum.
The one-way clutch holds the stator when the torque converter drive is used. The one-way
clutch allows the stator to turn freely when the torque converter drive is not used.
The torque converter housing is fastened to the flywheel housing. The torque converter
charging, scavenge, and brake retract gear pump, the torque converter lockup clutch and
solenoid valve, and the torque converter outlet relief valve are attached to the torque converter
housing. The flange of the output shaft of the torque converter is connected to the drive shaft.
The transmission is driven by the torque converter in NEUTRAL and in REVERSE. In FIRST
speed, torque converter drive is used at lower ground speeds. In FIRST speed, direct drive is
used at higher ground speeds. The lockup clutch is activated in FIRST speed by the Power
Train Electronic Control Module according to the ground speed. During shifts from FIRST speed
through SEVENTH speed, torque converter drive is momentarily activated in order to allow
smoother shifts. When the transmission clutches are engaged, the lockup clutch engages and
the transmission is in direct drive.
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777D Off-Highway Truck AGC00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY 3508B Engine(... Page 2 of 8
Table 1
Operation Of The Torque Converter For Transmission Speed
Transmission Speed Torque Converter Drive Direct Drive with an Engaged Lockup
Clutch
REVERSE X
NEUTRAL X
FIRST X X
SECOND X
THIRD X
FOURTH X
FIFTH X
SIXTH X
SEVENTH X
Torque
Converter Drive
Illustration 1 g00996390
(1) Rotating housing
(2) Turbine
(3) Impeller
(4) Outlet passage
(5) Output yoke
(6) Hub
(7) Output shaft
(8) Stator
(9) One-way clutch
The engine flywheel turns rotating housing (1) which turns impeller (3). The impeller directs
the oil to the blades of turbine (2). This will cause the turbine to turn. The turbine directs the
oil to stator (8). This causes the stator to try to turn in the opposite direction of the turbine.
The movement of the stator causes the rollers of one-way clutch (9) to move between stator
(8) and the carrier for the stator. The action of the one-way clutch keeps the stator from
rotation in the opposite direction of the turbine (2). The stator now directs most of the oil back
to impeller (3). The remainder of the oil goes out of the torque converter through outlet
passage (4). The oil, that goes back to impeller (3) from stator (8), moves in the same
direction as the rotation of the impeller. Since this oil is moving in the same direction as the
impeller, the torque output from the torque converter is multiplied.
Turbine (2) turns hub (6). Hub (6) turns output shaft (7). Power is sent through the output
yoke (5) to the drive shaft and the transfer gears of the transmission.
One-Way Clutch
Detail of one-way clutch
(10) Cam
(11) Rollers
(12) Spring
(13) Opening
(14) Race
Splines connect stator (8) to cam (10). Cam (10) is turned by the stator. Race (14) does not
turn. The mechanical connection between cam (10) and race (14) is rollers (11). Rollers (11)
are in openings (13) of cam (10). Springs (12) are also in openings (13). The left side of
openings (13) is smaller than the right side of openings (13) because the opening has a taper.
Normally, springs (12) keep rollers (11) in the taper at the left side of openings (13) .
When the speed of impeller (3) and turbine (2) is slow, stator (8) is held stationary. Rollers
(11) are held in the taper of openings (13) by springs (12). There is a mechanical connection
between cam (10) and race (14). Because race (14) is held stationary, cam (10) is held
stationary. Because the cam can not turn, the stator does not turn. The stator can send oil
back to the impeller.
As the speed of impeller (3) and turbine (2) increases, stator (8) starts to turn. The stator (8)
will turn in the same direction as the impeller and the turbine. When the stator starts to turn,
cam (10) starts to turn. The movement of cam (10) causes rollers (11) to move from the taper
of openings (13). The mechanical connection between cam (10) and race (14) is broken. Stator
(8) and cam (10) turn freely. The stator does not send oil back to the impeller.
Direct Drive
(1) Rotating housing
(2) Turbine
(3) Impeller
(5) Output yoke
(6) Hub
(7) Output shaft
(8) Stator
(15) Inlet passage
(16) Distributor
(17) Lockup clutch
(18) Piston
(19) Plate
(20) Disc
Lockup Clutch
Lockup clutch (17) is part of the torque converter. The lockup clutch (17) is located between
the engine flywheel and the turbine (2). The lockup clutch is engaged when the transmission is
in SECOND through SEVENTH speeds. The lockup clutch will engage in FIRST speed as the
output speed of the transmission increases. When the lockup clutch is engaged, impeller (3)
and turbine (2) turn at the same speed as the engine and there is no loss of power in the
torque converter. The connection between the engine and the transmission is now direct.
The main components of lockup clutch (17) are piston (18), plates (19), and discs (20) .
Operation
Rotating housing (1) is connected to the engine flywheel by splines. Rotating housing (1) is
fastened to impeller (3) by bolts. Piston (18) and plates (19) are also connected to rotating
housing (1) by splines. Discs (20) and output shaft (7) are connected to hub (6) by splines.
Turbine (2) is fastened to hub (6) .
The Power Train Electronic Control Module activates the lockup clutch solenoid. The torque
converter lockup clutch and solenoid valve sends pressure oil through inlet passage (15) in
distributor (16). The oil goes through a passage in the center of output shaft (7). The oil then
goes through a passage in rotating housing (1) to piston (18). The pressure of the oil causes
piston (18) to move toward disc (20). This causes plates (19) and discs (20) to be held
together. Plates (19) and discs (20) will now turn at the same speed. The clutch becomes a
direct connection between rotating housing (1) through hub (6) to output shaft (7) .
This causes turbine (2) and impeller (3) to turn at the same speed. Stator (8) turns freely. At
this time, the torque converter is not in operation and the machine is in direct drive.
The flow of power is from rotating housing (1), through lockup clutch (17), hub (6), output
shaft (7), and output yoke (5). The power goes directly through the torque converter to the
drive shaft. The drive shaft sends the power to the transfer gears of the transmission.
When the lockup clutch (17) is not engaged, the operation of the torque converter is normal.
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777D Off-Highway Truck AGC00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY 3508B Engine(...

Operation Of The Torque Converter For Transmission Speed

(1) Rotating housing

(4) Outlet passage

(5) Output yoke

(7) Output shaft

(9) One-way clutch

Detail of one-way clutch

(1) Rotating housing

(5) Output yoke

(7) Output shaft

(15) Inlet passage

(17) Lockup clutch

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