DELHI PURLIC SCHOOL SURAT

MATERIAL-9
PIYSICAL EDUCATION STUDY
Class: XI -
Chapter 9: I'SYCHOLOGY ANID SrORTS
Name: Roll no:

EDUCATION AND
DEFINIIION
SPORTS
AND
IMIORTANCE OF P'SYCHOL0GY IN PHIYSICAL,
Meaning and
1. Accondting toDeinition
of
Ross, "lt is thel'syehology
terms."
of behaviour in mental or physical
interpretation
2. Aoconding to lillsbury, "Psycholoev
explanation
and of human behaviour."
l
is the scicnee
human relationship."
3. Accorting to CroW and
Crow. "P'sychology is the study of the human behaviour and
Meaning and Deinition of Sports IP'syehology
os psyehology is helpful &Dlavs n vitul role in the enhancement of sports performance of sportspersOns,
use t has no Such limit, Indeed. sDorts nsvekolegy is the study of psychological actors that afect
the learning and performance of molor skills The following definitions may enable us to understand uie
exact meaning of sports psychology:
Agcording to John Lauther, "Sports psychology is an arcea which attempts to apply psychologtea 1as a
Principles to learning performance and associated human bchaviour in whole field of sports.
Importance of Sports Psychology
Enhances Pbysiological Capacities: Sports psvchology plays a very unique role in the enhancement of
physiological capacities such as strength. specd, flexibility, etc. Motivation plays a major role in the
enhancement of physical capacity of sportspersons.
2. Assists to Learn Motor Skills: Psychological readiness is related to the learner's state of mind. It means
the desire and willingness to learn the particular skill. In psychological readiness, sports psychology plays an
and the
important role. Sports psychology is also helpful the cognitive stage, the associative stage
autonomous stage of motor skill learning.
3. Aids in Understanding Behaviour: Sports psychology helps in understanding the behaviour of athletes
or sportspersons engaged in competitive sports. Coaches also come to know the interest, attitude towards
physical activity, instincts, drives and personality of sportspersons. It plays an important role in the
modification of behaviour in various sports situations.
4. Helps in Controlling Emotions: Generally, these emotions may bring spontaneous changes in the
behaviour of sportspersons. These are anger, disgust, fear, negative self-thinking, feeling of ownership, etc.
If these emotions are not controlled well in time, the performance of a sportsperson may decrease.
Psychology helps in balancing the arousal of emotions which further improves the performance.
5. Prepares Athletes Psychologically for Competitions: Sportspsychology also plays an important role in
preparing ofathlctes psychologically for competitions. In fact, it has become a trend to give psychological
tips to athletes or team players before and after the competitions. Sports psychologists' services are
required for a national- level and international-level teams. They create the willpower to win' in the players.
6. Supports Emotional Needs of Sportspersons: Stress, tension and anxiety are natural during practice
period and competitions or tournaments. Other emotional problems such as depression, frustration, anorexia,
panic, etc. Techniques of relaxation and stress management can be applied on sportspersons.
DELHIPUBLIC SCHOOL SURAT Page l of8
 Hes in Reucig sues Sts NTcholyy hels in toducing Ntress and tension of
rits the wnjvitis which ultimately helps in impoving their sports perfomance,
rloping Commuuicntion Skills andCoheslon; Sports psychology
sportspersons
&tels in helps in
Natni comuniation.
tuprove lerformance; Syts ychology helps to improve sports
improving
gIYENINSns y scicnütie wasomitving behaviour.
perfomnce and personality of
ADNOLESCENT PRORLEMS AND TIER MANAGEMENT
Meaning of Adolescnce
nWhNis derived fom the Latin wod htolesceker wlhieh means "to grow to maturity tM
Ia fàxt, it is a /vri ot uncertain legining nd emy hat Cnnot be dated cxactly. But, generaly i i
Sien that this INTINd is the age of 30 9 yets, This age begins with changes in our olo
intemal s i n .
A0niing to Sater, "Adolescence is that period in whien a child tries to be capable of doing cvervthing hy
himselt." lu means achild of this age gnup tends to he sell-dependent. During this period, many phvsca
physiokgial, mental, svial and cmotional changes take place.
Problems of Adoleseents.
LPhysical Problems: During adolescence, many bodily or physical changes take place. Development of
sex glands takes place. As aresult of these changes, adolescents feel restless and worried.
Mental Problems: During this age, stress, tension and strife are common, it creates many mental
blems Faces many problems such as difficulty in cooperating and adjusting with others, anxicty.
3. Problem of Aggressive Behaviour: In this age group, children tend to show aggressive behaviour. They
become aggresive on small matters. They become iritated casily. They try to gain importance.
4. Lack of Stability and Adjustment: An adolescent doesn't have complete stability faces adjustment
problem. HisHer behaviour becomes erratic, unable to adjust with other people, fails to coordinate
with others, finds it difficult to cooperate with hisher family members, fecls that he/she is under pressure
because of his her parents, wants to have a free atmosphere at home without any rules/regulations.
5. Emotional Problems: An adolescent is full of emotions. Under the influence of such emotions, he/she
performs some uphill task, which seems to be impossible in the beginning. Sometimes, the adolescent
becomes so excited that he/she considers himself/ herself to be at the top of the world and, sometimes,
he'she finds himself7 herself in astate of depression. He/She feels emotionally disturbed.
6. Problems Related to Sex: Sometimes, they become so eager that they do not hesitate leave their
family. Ross says, "Sex, then, is the fundamental fact of adolescence, if not all life. Like the overflow of
great river, it irigates and fertilises great tracts of life's territory."
7. Problems of Self-sup port: He/She wants to make his/her own place in society. He/She desires to live a
fruitful life. Ross says, "The adolescent desires to find his place in the world. The desire is a genuine need
and refers to the need forself-support. He faces the problems of career selection. He does not want to
depend upon his family members. He remains confused in-between dependence and independence."
8. Feeling ofImportance: Adolescents begin to think themselves as important. They demand respect. But,
sometimes, parents do not take them seriously. They fail to understand the felings of adolescent. That's
why teenagers tend to feel unimportant and it becomes a great problem.
9. Social Problems; Adolescents wantto adopt their own ways. But society creates many hindrances in their
paths. Friends are important for this age group. They share their views, knowledge and experience and
hence, sometimes, the group acts as a medium of spreading social vices and dissatisfaction. These
adolescents sometimes fall prey to intoxication, i.e., alcohol, drugs and smoking
Management of Problems
1. Education for Motor Development: An adolescent should be provided education for his/her motor
development. He/She should be encouraged to play various games and sports. Through these games and
sports, his/ her motor development will take place properly.
DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL SURAT Page 2 of 8
 2. Education of Psychology:_Teachers and parents should be able to understarnd the psychology of an
adolescent. is essential to sort out the probles and focus on their management. I'arcnts should provide
the knowledge of psychology to them, because many problems can be solved by adolescents themselves.
3. Sex Education: We are living in a society, where sex cducation is not provided properly. IHowever, it
should be imparted in schools and colleges. An adelescent bas attraction for the opposite sex. Most of
the adolescents develop wrong concept about sex. T'eachers as well as parents should provide scx
cducation to adolescents without hesitation, hey may not depend upon other unreliable sources,
4. Vocational Guidanee: This guidance should he provided keeping in view their intelligence, capabilities,
aptitude and interest, many mdoleseents fail o select their vocations. Kashyap and Puree say, "Vocational
cducation and vocatiomal guilance are of extrenmely yreat importance during the high chool period."
S. Moraland Religions Education: Ilis will give them mental peace. kcligious cducation should not he
included in cducational curriculunm, better to provile it at home. But moral education should he imparted
in cducational institutions, some problems like indiscipline, anxiety and worry can be tackled casily.
6. To P'rovide Suitable Environment; Adolescents should be provided suitable environment for growth
and development, proper facilities and opportunities for proper development, proper or balanced diet,
because malnutrition can create many problems, laughthow to hchave and how to live in an appropriate
manner. Parcnts should look after the health problems of their adolescents.
. Adequate Indepcndence: Adolescents want freedom in every facet of life. They wish to cxpres their
vicws independently. Their vicws should be given proper weightage if thosc are realy important, allowed to
express their feelings and suggestions, allowed to go for picnic, mountaineering, hiking and trekking.
Parents should not impose their willupon them. They should try to understand the sentiments of adolescents.
S. Social Education: As we know that social virtues are necessary to lead a social life, it should be taught
through social education, taught how to adjust themselves in the society. It is a fact that man is a social
animal. Our existence depends on society but too much dependency is not good for leading a good life.
TEAM COHESION AND SPORTS
Team cohesion the field of sports refers the willingness in which a team sticks together and performs
together to achieve success. Team Cohesion in sports has long been associated with the amount of
"togethermess" displayed by ateam both on and off the field.
Meaning and Definition of TeamCohesion
The most accepted definition of cohesion was provided by Carron, "Cohesion is a dynamic process, which is
reflected in the tendency of a group to stick together and remain united the pursuit of its instrumental
objectives for the satisfaction of the member's needs".
Team cohesion is commonly defined as a dynarmic process that is reflected in the tendency of a group to
remain united in the pursuit of its goals and objectives. Cohesive team means that not only are group goals
met but everyone feels like they have contributed to the overall success of the group.
It means that team cohesion is a dynamic process that is reflected in the tendency for a group to stick
together and remain united in the pursuit of its goals and objectives.
Types of Team Cohesion
below:
There are two different types of team cohesion which arc described
(i) Task Cohesion. Task Cohesion relates to how well the team membersconmposed or group work together to
high task cohesion is of members/players
achieve common goals and objectives. A group with coordinate their efforts as a team to achieve that goal.
who share a common goal and who are motivated to
the team members enjoy cach other's company.
(ii) Social Cohesion. Social Cohesion refers to how well with one another and enjoy playing the game
may get on wel
In recreational sports, all of the players
regardless of whether they win or lose. need to be present in a team but some
studies have suggested that
types of team cohesion teammates to
Even though both success. Most of the coaches and athletes preter beliefs.
essential for getting
social cohesion is not as completely focused on their common task, goals
and
it seems that as they are
like each other but
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DELHIPUBLIC SCHOOL SURAT
 Factors Affecting Team Cohesion
1. Saltstaction. Team cohesion is linked with the extent to which team membcrs are plcased with cach

other's performance and behaviour.

2. Size of the Rroup. Team Cohesion is developed cas1ly and quickly if there is a small group. On the
contrary, if the group is larger, there are less chances of good cohesion in the group. They may be divided on

various issues in the group.

3. Similarity. Team cohesion develops casily if most of thc members of the group are of similar age, sex,
skills, interests and attitudes.
4. Support. Cohcsive teanms tend to have coaches who provide support to team members and encourage
coheci
type of tendency has positive effect on
them to support one another. This
group remain for a Joneeee..
5. Stability, Team cohesion develops ifthe same memocsO the
developed if team has a good
6. Win loss records. Team cohesion rccord of winning various
championships.
. Popularity, If a sport is not so popular, thcre
will be Tew persons who will like play and few
persons
would like to watch or cheer the players. Hence, this will lead to low level of cohesion I i i s
will be maximum chances of good team cohesion.
8. Minimum interaction time. Minimum interaction tme member may lead to less cohesion in a teanm
9. Lack of communication. If the captain and coach OT the team lack communication with other membere
cohesion.
of the team, the team is likely to have lower level of
10. Struggle for power. Some individual athletes have self-centred intentions which push them to be selfsh
helping the team to achieve its goals, rather they ch00se to take advantage gaining self-success.
11. Temperament collision. There may be a number of players in a team who are short tempered or become
angry frequently. In such a situation, it becomes difficult to have good team cohesion.
To Improve Team Cohesion
1. Set team goals. Physical education teacher or coach to set clear-cut goals for the team to achieve.
2. Encourage communication. A coach or physical education teacher should try to encourage
communication among the members of the team. If the members of a team are free to communicate with one
another, the team cohesion is expected to be improved.
3. Practice team building. Building mutual goal setting & team spirit is the key to have team unity. It can
be done byreducing the diflerence in the roles of cach member &laying stress on achieving set objectives.
4. Provide feedback to individuals as well as team. The coach or physical education teacher should
provide feedback to individual players and team members from time to time. Regularly ask for opinions of
players and listen to any suggestions from them.
5. Reward effort and performance. If the team members are doing their best efforts and having good
performance, they should be given rewards. This act willdefinitely help in improving team cohesion.
6. Make efforts to stay together for along period of time. The coach or physical education teacher should
make efforts to stay the members together for a long period of time, they will experience a range of
successes and failures together and the team members are more likely to be productive and cohesive.
7. Establish an environment for success. The coach/physical education teacher should try to establish a
favourable environment for success. Such type of environment is helpful in improving team cohesion.
8. Work together to achieve your goalL Efforts should always be done to work together to achieve the
goals of the team by the coach or physical education teacher. There should not be any gap between words
and action of the coach or teacher. The coach should lay maximum stress on group cohesion.
2Celebrate success as ateam. Each success should be celebrated not on individual basis but on the bas1s
of a team. Such
celebrations are very fruitful in improving team cohesion.
DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL SURAT Page 4 of 8
 DEVELOPMENT
STAGES OF
CHARACTERISTIC ADEFERENT clear-cul
is that there is a orgats
DEVELOPMENTAL synonymously. But the reality
dlevelopmcnt are uSed growth of physical
growth means the in itself. In
Generally. growth and
the (wo wods. As matter of fact,
development has a detailed meaning than that.
dillerence betwveen whereas is more
size, height or weight, mean only growth but it
whether it is in shape, deveopmcnt. The developnent docs not is a long
growth is a partof whereas the process of developmentgrowth and
lact, place,
owth does mot take dicction and pattern of
Generally, atler maturity thoyhout the life. I appecrs that the
Process, which contimesppniMately eain thes e .
development ofchien of an
callcd inlancy. At this
stagc, thc grasping power
InfaneY vars of e is increases, understands
the c of thinking ability also
The stagc tom bith o Ilis/her power of menory, starts
bwOmes veIY ast. new words increases,
Intant's brain
speaks eeordinply, ebility to know stage but thcy do not have
the language clearly ndconversation of adults, Children are cmotional at this motor skill activities. In
understanding the sinmple their emotions through
control over emotios They usually cxhibit or display happiness, after some time. At this stage, th
their emotions such as sorow and
aily lite, they torget their in such activities in
depends upon imaciation, They keep thenmselvestalebusy stories. At this stage, they
behaviour of children imaginations, They like to listen or watch the fairy
In this way,
which they can use their running, jumping, catching, throwing, ctc.
skill such as walking.
leam activitics related to motor internal organs and sensory organs in a balanced way.
they start using their physical organs,
Childhood 12th year. At this stage, the
children are
and ends by the end of the
year
Childhood stage begins from the 3rd muscles, the first three years
control on their development becomes very fast duringchildren spend most of
able to have enough development bccomes strong and vigorous, concentration powver of
and later on, i.e., till 12th year their
neuro-muscular coordination becomes cfficient enough, thc
their time playing. Their they cannot concentrate for a long time.
the children increases, but rate, power of memory, logic, thinking and decision-making
Their thinking ability incrcasesendat a faster
learn to control their emotions. Emotionally, they
of this stage, they
increases remarkably. Till theThey also do not like any question on
optimistic. learn to control their behavior, they quickly. They
become stable and
self-respect. During this stage, social qualitics develop in them very children are more
their self-esteem and their age, able to adjust their behaviour in the society, admire.
like to play with children of and adventurous. They blindly follow the persons whom they
courageous, imaginative, resourceful
Adolescence
which begins after childhood and ends before adulthood.
changes, 19 years. During
Adolescence is a stage of complex stage begins from 13 years and remains till stage.
adolescent
Generally, it is supposed that the becomes spontaneous. Different characteristics of this
adolescents
this stage, the growth of some adolescents that they lag bchind in growth
mental
It has been seen in case of achieve mental
1. Mental Characteristics:though they achieve physical maturity much earlier, they viewing and reading
growth in the earlier stages, depth of things. Adolescents become interested in
the
later on, able to go into imaginative stories and cartoons and fictions.
They demand self-respect,
thrilling novels and stories, and more about the people, places and principles. day
They are curious to know
more
remain under stress and tension. They also indulge inneither
At this stage, they also at home. At this
stage, they are
dignity and self-independence.mentally absent in the classes and
dreaming. They remain their behaviour become
aggressive.
adults. Sometimes,
children nor he/she performs such uphill tasks,
Under the influence of such emotions, lives an intensely emotional life
Characteristics: adolescent constant
2. Emotional the beginning. Ross says, "The phases of behaviour in his
impossible in negative
which seem to be more the rhythm of positive and
see once dreanming and
in which we can intense excitement and deep depression."they 1ly high in world of day
alternation between variance. Sometimes, wings have been clipped. They are
Usually, they are at
an emotional
feel themselves like a bird whose greed, hate, jealousy, etc.
times they such as anger, love,
lmaginations while at other their emotion
control over
unable to have proper Page 5 of 8

O0L SURAT
 3. Physical Characteristics; At this stage, the growtlh becomes very lst, many plysical changes take place
spontancously, developnent of intermal and external sekual ogans begins, During the period of 13 to 4
years, various changes enn be seen,especially in girs. The volce of girth becomes soft, sweetand tight.
Moustaches and beards start appcaring on the fce of boys, Generally, the heiht, weight, bones, muscle
power and other physical organs of boys and girls begin to mature,
4. Social Characteristics: Usually, the ndolescents ndopt a way, whiclh in selected by them but the society
creates various obstacles in their way, In such nconditlon, the adolescents rovolt againt the traditionsand
customs of the society, During this stape, friends are very importnt to them, They exehange their views,
knowledge and expericnces with one another. They alwnys longfor lendership and specificrecognition in
the society. They try to present themselves better than others, They have interest to participate in
recreational activities, viz. picnic, dancing, music, trekking. hiking, mountaineering, sports, eto,
5 Motor Characteristics; Improvement is also seen in coordinative abilities which result in better motor
lcaming abilities, There is a rapid development of maximum strength and explosive strength in boys as
compared to girtls. The performance in various sports improves at a faster rate during this stage with
continuous participation and regular exercise.
Adulthood
Generally, adulthood begins around 20 years of age, It consists of carly, middle and late stages.
. Physical Development: Early adulthood usually remains from 20 ycars to 40 years. In this stage, ourof the athletes
maturation is complete. Hovever, our height and body weight may increase slightly. Most Middle
weight owing to child bearing.
remain at the top during this stage. Women may gain additional skin loses some
decline. Our
adulthood begins from 40 years to 60 years of age. There is agradual physical up to some extent. Women
elasticity and wrinkles are usually seen on face. By this time, visually decreases
genders tend to gain weight.
may feel slow decline in fertility as they approach towards menopause. Both to turn grey during this stage.
Most probably abdominal fat increases among males. Hair begins
continues to lose its elasticity.
Later adulthood begins after 60 years of age. During this stage, skin decreases. Sensory organs like
Reaction time usually begins to slow down further. Muscular strength also
to smell, taste. hearing and vision
eyes, cars, nose, tongue, etc., begin to decline their capacities memory, dementia.
significantly. Our brain may also no longer function at optimum level, like loss of
2. Cognitive Development: Cognitive development during inadulthood is a complex, ever changing process
infancy and early childhood. Our cognitive
that may be even more active than cognitive development we may begin to observe a
abilities remain steady during early and middle adultho0d. In late adulthood abilities, reasoning and memory.
decline in another area of our cognitive abilities, ie, information processing
cognitive decline.
Person, who engages in mentally & physically stimulating activities feel less
3. Social Developmnent: Adult begins to focus on building stronger relationships. They are concerned with
are also concerned with
building their careers, raising children and engaging in other activities. They in a mature manner. In
caring for others and try to make the world a better place. They start behaving to manage the demands of
late adulthood, certain social needs increase requiring increased practical support support is required to
cveryday life due to decreased physical and cognitive capabilities, Greater emotional
cope with segregation. They have fewer social ties and are more likely to be living alone.

INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES-ATTENTION, RESILIENCE, MENTA

TOUGHNESS
behavior and though.
Physiological attributes are the specific characteristics of aperson that intluence their reason for someone S
Ihese atiributes are very significant to consider when trying to understand the
behavior. These attributes are described below.
(A) Attention
Atention in the field of games &sports is extremely important aspect of mental preparation lor compchton,
that it IS Very
s wny the termn "attention" is very common in the field of sports and athletes do consider
significant for sports performance.
DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL SURAT Page 6 of8
 Altention is the ability ol an athlte to keep on task. It is usually called focus of concentration. In
relevant cnvironmental cues and
involves focusing nental cfforts on
(act. attcntion
attention. maintaining that
The most popular model of attention in the ficld of sport was developcd by Robert Neideffer in
1976. He proposcd the dimensions of attention: A. Direction Dimension B. Width Dimension
divided into External Attention Focus and Internal
(A) Direction Dinmension: It is further Attention Focus.
i) External Attention Focus: External atlention
focus is when an athlete's attention is
cither (o an objcct or te0 an opponent's movements. An examplc of cxternal attentionfocus
directed outward
the crowdi must be silent whcn the plavers are plaving and
if they are not, thc plaver may may be in tennis.
not be able to
on the ganc and heir pertomance nay be hindered. focus
(Ü lnternalI Atteution Foeus; Whcn an atlhlete's / sportsperson's focus is directedtto their
and feclings. An1examplc, Focus is when a gymnast is mentally
preparing before doing aflip.personal thoughts
(B) Width Dimension: I is divided into Broad Altention Focus and Narrow Attcntion Focus.

() Broad
Attention Focus: Broad attention focus allows athlete to pcrceive
various things
Indecd, this type oof attention focus is very inportant in sports where an
h athlete/sportsperson simultancously.
hings at a time because the situation 1S persistently changing. For has to be aware
example, when a baskethall
laver is dribbling aball down the court, their environment is persistently changing.
ae Attention Focus: Il occurs when an athlete/sportsperson have a small
An example of narrow attention focus Is in a T00 m amount of infommaties
sprint as the athlete is only focusing on bimealf
like staying the right line and make sure he gets a good start.
(B) Resilience
nailience can be defined as the bouncing back of an individual
etchances. Resilience is the ability to copc mentally or from any traumatic experience or
e ouickly. Resiliencc exists
when the person uses
emotionally with a crisis or to return to pre-crisis
nersonal assets and protectng seli irom negative effects mental process and behaviours in promoting
of stressors.
Deeilience exists in individuals who develop psychological and
remain calm during crisis and to move on
behavioural capabilities that allow them to
other words, "Resilience' is defined as the trom the toincident without long term negative consequences. In
capacity recover from
Resilience be defined as the ability or tendency to bounce back. In difficult events.
life
bounce back and also to work on copying under pressure. A fact, resilience relates to the ability to
nerform his maximum to achieve the end goal.
to resilient performer will look at each task and
build self-confidence with the use of mental skills. AResilience is a characteristic that performers can use to
players / performers fight back from 2 sets down during the good example of resilience is from tennis where
tournaments or competitions.
Types of Resilience
Resilience, cach of which can influence person's ability to cope with various
forms of stress.
1. Physical Resilience: Physical resilience refers to how our
body deals with change and recovers from
demands, injuries in sports and illnesses.
2. Mental Resilience: Mental resilience refers to a person's ability to adapt
to
People who have this type of resilience are flexible and remain calm during the time change
of crisis.and uncertainty.
3. Emotional Resilience: Emotional resilience regulates emotions during the times of stress. Resilient
persons are well-aware of their emotional reactions and tend to be in touch with their inner life.
1. Social Resilience: Social resilience involves the ability of groups to recover from diticult situations. It
involves individuals connecting with others and working together to eradicate or solve problems that afeet
people both individually and collectively.

Factors that Help in Building Resilience

enhancing their sports pertormance. it is
ns resilience is very important for athletes/ sportspersons inin building resilience. These are stated below.
SSential to have resilience. There are various factors that help
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DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL SURAT
 I. Social support: Social support is helpful in building, resilience. II may inchude latily, friend,
community and other organisations,
2. Scll-esteem: Sel-esteem plays nn eflective role buildiny resiliece. I can ave off fecling, of
helplessness in the face of adversily.
J. Communieation skills: Ilclps in seck ing people's, support mobilize reources and takc action,
4. Sclf-talk: Self-talk also hclps athletes to cocentrate better. ley bave nuore resiliency.
5. Confidence in one's strength and abilities: 1l thletes have aunple confidence in their strength and
abilities, they delinitely have resilieney.
6. Ability to manage strongimpulses and feelings Athletes tend to be more resilicnt if they have ability lo
manage strong impulses and leelinps.
2. By developing a growth mindse:IBy developiny growil1 mindset, athletes Inay he more resilicnt
8. Managing Stress: Building healthy stress managenent babits is an effective way to cnhance re:ilience.
(C) Mental Toughness
Mental toughness iS a concept that has cmerged from the ficld of sports psychology. Duc to its significant
role in enhancing performance in sports it has, taken up a pcrmanent place in the sports world. Uually, it is
observed that athletes make great cfforts to be mcntally tough and even coaches seck recruits who appcar to
have a tough mindset. But the question still remains: What does it mcan to have mental toughness in sports
and games? Mental toughness is a measure of an individual's ability to be resilient, have confidence,
remain competitive and overcome adversity in their life.
In fact, mental toughness refers to an athlete's ability to persist in the face of chalenges mistakes and failure.
"Mental toughness" is frequently used to refer to any set of positive atributes that helps an individual to
cope with difficult situations.
According to Bedard-Thom, "Mental toughness is a psychological resource that helps you to achieve
challenging goals when faced with stress that puts your success in doubt."
Benefits of mental toughness for athletes /sportspersons
1. Increased Positivity: Athletes with good mental toughness remain positive in every situation. Remaining
positive greatly improves sports performance.
2. Improves Motivation: Motivation plays a vital role in increasing sports performance. Mental toughness
an athlete to remain motivated and working
improves motivation. Indeed, cultivating mental toughness helps
in the direction of your goal which you want to accomplish.
3. Better Resilience: When you procced to accomplishenhancesyour goal, some sctbacks are almost guaranteed.
When you are in such a situation, mental toughness your ability to be resilient in the face of
adversity.
our mindset and keep self
4. Improved self-belief: Developing high levels of mental toughness strengthens
performance in sports, improved it
doubts away. When self-belief its become easy for athletes to give better
every individual to face critiscism in our life.
5. Improves the ability to face criticism: It is but natural for
not hinder your attention.
After having improved mental toughness, criticism will become neutral. It will
Consequently, you can accomplish your goal easily.
Characteristics of on individual who have mental toughness
1. Resilient in every situation. 2. Having an ability to bounce back from defeat.
3. Intrinsically and extrinsically motivated. 4. Don't make excuses but try to find solution.
to achieve goal.
5. Fully confident. 6. Having strong desire and willingness
7. Well organised. 8. Persistent as well as determined.
9. Having attention to detail. 10. Having strong focus on goal.
perfection.
1. Remain persistent despite failures. 12. Able to pursue excellence, not
13. Having concern with their talents and abilities. 14. Committed to excellence.
I5. Having the ability to expend their energy on things that enhance sports perlormance.
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DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL SURAT