(using (i) and (n))

Example 7. ABC is a rightCE25Dr2

angled triangle at B. If Dand Eare mid-points of sides BC and AB
+
STectively provethat AD
Solution. As Dis mid-point of BC, BC = 2BD,
Also, as E is mid-point of AB, AB = 2BE.
In AABD, ZB=90°, by Pythagoras theoremn,
AD2 = AB2 + BD2
(2BE)2 + BD2 (: AB = 2BE)
’ AD² = 4BE2 ++BD² ...)
B
In AEBC, ZB= 90°, by Pythagoras theorem,
CE2 = BE24 BC2
BE2 + (2BD)² (": BC = 2BD)
CE2 = BE2 + 4BD2 ...(D)
Adding (i) and (ii), we get
AD² + CE =5(BE2 + BD') ...(i1)
In AEBD, ZB= 90°, by Pythagoras theorem,
DE2= BE2 + BD2 ...(iv)
From (iii) and (iv), we get
AD² + CE2 = 5DE², as required.
 the
.. Since .: Solution.diameterExample
the Distance
ristance the
Circumference
of
theGiven the 1.
covered wheel. How
of radius
the mnany
sovered is
by ofdiameter
of 56
times
the the the cm
the
= ?will
l wheel wheel wheel
88 ofTake the
km the
ill =
2
X
Tt
wheel
in = = =
= 2
wheel
2Tr 1
te 88one of
X
x 7 22 56 a
revolution
1000 = car
= X cm 56
28 rotate
88 cm,
x
×100 cm
1000 28= in
6 = = cm. a
×
cm, 176 176 journey
100
cm. cm.
0. = of
88
km
if
it
is
known

that
 15.14 Fig. 1 1 1
a ab2b22 p
b_11 a+ 1 ’ b²q'+ =
o
)] [By a²+
b2 =
AC? BC2+ AB²= .. 90°; LACB= Since ()
...(1) ab=cp ’ ab jc=p ..
ab.
AC=, AABC=
x
BC ofarea Also 1
-p CD=AB x altitude AABC-;x
basex of
Area 1 =p. CD
Then lAB. CDLet ()
1 1 SOLUTION
(ii)2 and ab cp(i) that Prove AB. perpendicular
on fromC
the longtof
h
1 1
etp =c AB=b, CA a, =BC
90, ZC= which triangle
in angled right aisABC EXAMPLE
11. LE
 EXAMPLE 10. In the given figure, AB is the diameter of a circle with
centre O and OA =7 cm. Find the area of theshaded region. [I.C.S.E. 2006]
SOLUTION. Area of circle of radius OA (-7 cm)
22
=n.2=x7x7= 154 cm? 0

1
Area of Semi-circle CBD =Gx154 = 77 cm²
1 1 D
Area of ACBD=2 xCD x OB =,x
2 14 x 7 =49cm² Fig. 24.15
 436
=
Hence,
2 77
area Area
+
of of
from the
the
circle Fig. circle
=
.5 24.15, with
on
+ OA
28 diameter
the
as
= area
iameter
.5
of OA
?, shaded
+ =n5)
(arearegion
2

of
=x4= 22
i-circle 74 49

2 77
with cm
Cm
radius

7
cm
- MATHEMATICS
1.C.S.E.
area

of
ACBD)
 In In
Solution.
DrawExample
AABD, AACD,
AABDand
AB²
ZADC
ZADB = AD
= AABD
BD
= DC
BD
= AD
= AC
AB
= I
Given 8.
AD²ZADB
BO ABC
+ is
BD2 = 2 1AACD ABC
90°, an
BC equilateral
is
=.24 2 an
equilateral

a.= (RHS triangle

(each triangle
rule of
side
of 90°, =
congruency) of 2a.
(common) AD side Find
(c.p.c.t.) (given) 2a. each
S BC)
of
its
B
altitude.
hagoras
heorem)

D A

)
 (2a) = AD2 + a2 AD² = 3a2 ’AD = /3 a.
In an equilateral triangle, all altitudes are equal.
Hence,the length of each altitude = V3 a.
 area.
.. Solution. Example
Area
According Take

of Tt
Let = 7.
adrant to | The
r
given,+2]r= 4 1 cm
perimeter
;x+2]r=
2 25 x be
=
2rr the
+ of
8 77 4 +radius
² r2 2 25
2r sheet a
cm² 2 7
=
= 5
12.+2)r. of of
5 = the tin
1 in
circle,
². the
shape
then
of
perimeter a
quadrant

of ofa
a
quadrant circle
is
12-5
of cm.
the
Find
circle
its
 area CIRCLE
..
SOLOTlON.EXAMPLE
Area described
AREA :
escribed 360°
12
AND
by 2.
Angle CIRCUMFERENCE
30 360°
60 the The
by
x the minute-hand
22 described =30°minute-hand
5x
e-hand
x
1)
by
between
the of
30 minute clock a
x 7
22 a.m.
x hand is
21 and V21
between 7.05 cm
=
long.
7
and Find
7.05 tne

8
10
7
11
ig..9
12
6

5
431
3
 radii
..
tracting Adding () According
and Solution. Example
the of
two
and T
of (i) 7 22
(R- to Letcircles, The 4.
from the the
(i), X7 area
r) T given radii given
(R2-
(R
(ii), weR+r 13=(R+
R-r 7= of
2r= 20=get + ofthatcircular a
6 we 2R
r) r2)
information,
r) the their
get = = =
286 286 286 outer
e diference ring
r= 3.
10 and enclosed
cm R=
10. [using()] the is
.7
inner cmbetween
...(i) ...(1)
. 3 circles Take two
T
n=|concentric
be
andcm
R
circles

respectively.cm
r is
286
R cm².
Find
the
 Example 5.In AABC, ZB= 90° and D is mid-point of BC. Prove that AC' = AD +3CD2,
Solution. As D is mid-point of BC,
BD = CD and BC= 2CD.
In AABD, ZABD=90°,
AD²= AB2 + BD2 (Pythagoras theorem) A
’ AB2- AD2- BD2 ...()
In AABC,B= 90°,
AC² = AB² + BC2
AC2= (AD² BD2) + BC2 (using ()
AC? = AD²-CD²+ (2CD) (:: BD = CD, BC = 2CD)
’ AC2= AD2-CD2 + 4CD2
AC2= AD² + 3CD2.
B D C
 318,
between
Also
G Solution.Example
their
R2LR? 10-
R+r=
r=R 10
centres 5.
+ Let
p2= + Two
Tr² R
cmcircles is
58 = 10
ICSE 58 and cm.
T touch
CS rFind
cm
the
externally.
be
radii
the
radii of
the The
-
IX of two sum
...() o
twcircles.
of
circles, their

areas
then
is
58
n
Cm2
and
the
distance
 R2 + (10 R)² = 58 (using ())
R² + 100 + RZ - 20 R - 58 = 0
2R2- 20 R + 42 = 0
R2 - 10R + 21 =0’ (R- 7) (R- 3) =0
R-7 = 0 or R-3= 0 R=7 or R =3.
When R=7, thenr= 10 - 7=3and when R =3, r =10 3= 7.
Hence, the radii of the two circles are 7 cm and 3 cm.
 Example 6. Dand Eare pointson the sides CA and CB respectively ofa triangle ABC right angled
that AE2 + BD² = AB² +
at C. Proe DE2.
Solution. In AABC, ZC= 90°
A
AB² = AC2 + BC2
...()
In AECD, ZECD= 90°
DE = CD² + EC2 ...(i) D
In AAEC, ZACE = 90°
AEZ = ACZ + EC2 ...(iüi)
In ABCD, BCD=90° oL
BD² = BC2 + CD2 ...(iv)
B E C
Adding (iii) and (i0),we get
AE2 + BD² = (AC2 + BC2) + (CD² + EC2)
= AB² + DE2 (using (i) and (i))
 Example 3. A copper wire when bent in the form ofa square encloses an area of 121 cm. If the same
wire is bent into the form ofa circle, find the area of the circle.
Solution. Let the side of the square be a cm.
Area of square = a cm2.
According to given, a = 121
a= V121 = 11.
.. The length of the wire
= perimeter of the square
=4acm= (4× 11) cm = 44 cm.
Let r cmn be the radius of the circle.
Circumference of the circle = 2nr.
As the same wire is to be bent into the form of circle,
22
2nr =44’2x xr=44
7
r=7.

The area of the circle = r=X7x7

7
cm= 154 cm2.