NATIONAL CERTIFICATE: ENGINEERING SCIENCE-340/S03 3 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS IN SECTION A AND CHOOSE ANY FOUR FROM B

SECTION A

QUESTION 1

1.1 Give SI units of the following

i. Length (1 mark)

ii. Time (1 mark)

iii. Heat (1 mark)

iv. Force (1 mark)

v. Mass (1 mark)

1.2 Define the following

i. Vector (1 mark)
ii. Resultant force (1 mark)
iii. Equilibrant force (1 mark)
iv. Concurrent forces (1 mark)
v. Moment of a force (1 mark)

1.3 (a) State three laws of friction (3 marks)

(b) State two examples in the workshop where friction is an advantage. (2 marks)

1.4 Explain with the aid of sketches the following

i. Stable equilibrium (2 marks)

ii. Neutral equilibrium (1 mark)
iii. Unstable equilibrium (2 marks)
1.5 Convert the following

i. 10 kN/m2 to N/mm2 (2 marks)

ii. 25 bars to N/m2 (2 marks)
iii. 2 litres to mm3 (1 mark)

1.6 Under standard atmospheric pressure tungsten melts at 3380 oC and boils at 5500oC.
Express the interval between the two temperatures in:

i. Degrees Celsius (1 mark)

ii. Kelvin (2 marks)
iii. Fahrenheit (2 marks)

1.7 A fly wheel of diameter 1 200 mm rotates at 300 rev/min. Calculate the velocity of a
point on its rim. (5marks).

1.8 An aluminium bar is 1.5 m long with a square section of 30 mm x 30 mm. calculate
the mass of the bar given the relative density of aluminium as 2.7. Take density of water
as 1 000 kg/3. (5 marks)

SECTION B

QUESTION 2

a. Two bars, one bronze the other steel are both nominally 150 mm long. When
placed side by side at 200C, the bronze bar is found to be shorter than the steel
bar by 0.25 mm. To what temperature must both bars be raised to make them
the same length?
Take αbronze = 19 x 10-6/ K and αsteel = 12 x 10-6. (10 marks)
 b. In an experiment to determine the coefficient of linear expansion of brass, a rod
of this metal 250 mm long is found to expand by 0.39 mm when heated to from
17oC to 98oC. Determine the value for the coefficient of linear expansion of brass.
(5 marks)

QUESTION 3
A vehicle starts from rest with constant acceleration of 1 m/ 2 and this acceleration is
maintained for 25 seconds. The velocity is then maintained at a constant value for a
period, after which the vehicle is brought to rest with uniform deceleration in 15
seconds. The total distance travelled is 0.75 km.

i. Sketch the velocity –time graph (4 marks)

ii. Find the constant velocity (2 marks)
iii. Find the deceleration (3 marks)
iv. Find the total time for the journey (6 marks)

QUESTION 4

a. Calculate the heat energy required to convert 20 kg of water at 20oC to

superheated steam at 200oC, the whole process taking place at atmospheric
pressure. Take the latent heat of vaporisation of steam to be 2 260 kJ/kg K and
the specific heat capacity of water and steam to be 4.2kJ/kg K and 2.1 kJ/kg K
respectively. (8 marks)

b. Twenty steel drilling jig-bushes each having a mass of 80 g are to be heated to

220oC and quenched in water for tempering purposes. If there are initially 20
litres of water at 20oC, calculate the final temperature of water and the steel
bushes. Assume that there are no heat losses to the surrounding or to the
containing vessels. Take the specific heat capacity of water and steel to be 4.2
kJ/kg K and 0.5 k/kg K respectively. The mass of 1 litre of water is equivalent to
1 kg. (7 marks)
QUESTION 5

A lifting machine requires an effort of 25 N to lift 200 N while an effort of 40 N is

required to lift 430 N on the same machine. The velocity ratio for this machine is 60.

a. State the law of the machine (5 marks)

b. Find the limiting mechanical advantage (3 marks)
c. Calculate limiting efficiency (3 marks)
d. Calculate the effort required to lift a 2.7 kN load. (4 marks)

QUESTION 6

a. State any three disadvantages of friction (3 marks)

b. An 80 kg mass rests on a plane inclined at 24 o to the plane above the plane. If the
coefficient of friction between the plane and the mass is 0.65, calculate
(i) Force required to pull the mass up the plane (12 marks)

QUESTION 7

a. Graphically find the magnitude for the forces M and N shown in the figure below.
(6 marks)
600 N
M

45o
400 N

N
b. Calculate the magnitude of support reactions RB and RD on the diagram shown
below. (9 marks)

30 kN 12 kN

4 kN/m 5 kN/m

3m 2m 7m 3m

RB RD