MATH SUMMATIVE 2 REVIEWER

GEOMETRY

- Branch of mathematics that study the sizes, shapes, position, angles, dimensions of things, and
spatial relationship.
- From “Geo” (Earth), “metrein” (to measure)

POINT LINE AND PLANE

Point

- Position only, no dimension.

- Represented by a dot and denoted by a capital letter.
- Grain of sand, speck of dust, tiny pebble.

Line

- Infinite set of points, has length.

- Represented by a double headed arrow and denoted by a small letter or two capital letters with
a line above the letters.
- String, rod, straight path.

Line Segment
- Has two endpoints.

Ray
- One endpoint, other is extended infinitely on one side.

Plane

- Flat surface extending infinitely in all directions.

- Represented by a rectangle and denoted by a capital letter or by using 3 points on a plane that
are not on the same line.
- Table, paper, ceiling.

ANGLE

- Forms when two rays intersect at an endpoint, is named by three points.

- Measured in degrees.

PARTS OF AN ANGLE

- Vertex – where the two rays meet.

- Arms – sides of the angle, (rays).
- Angle – separation between the arms.
TYPES OF ANGLES

1. Zero Degree Angle

2. Acute Angle (Less than 90 degrees but over 0 degrees)

3. Right Angle (Exactly 90 degrees)

4. Obtuse Angle (Less than 180 degrees but more than 90 degrees

5. Straight Angle (Exactly 180 degrees)

6. Reflex Angle (More than 180 degrees but less than 360 degrees)

7. Perigon (360 Degrees)

PAIRS OF ANGLES

Supplementary Angles – two angles having a sum of 180 degrees.

Complementary Angles – two angles having a sum of 90 degrees.

Congruent Angles – two equal angles.

Vertical Angles – 2 opposite angles formed by two intersecting lines

Adjacent Angles – two angles with a common vertex and sides but no common interior points.

Linear Pair – pair of adjacent angles where uncommon sides are opposite rays, also a supplementary
angle.
PERPENDICULAR AND PARALLEL LINES

Perpendicular Lines

- Intersect, form 4 right angles

- Denoted by ⊥

Parallel

- Are on the same plane, do not intersect.

- Denoted by ∥