Report in General Chemistry I

APPLYING THE PRINCIPLES OF

STOICHIOMETRY TO
DETERMINE THE AMOUNTS OF
GASEOUS REACTANTS
AND PRODUCTS
Presented by Ralph Vallespin
 OBJECTIVES:
Apply the foundational principles of
stoichiometry to quantify the
quantities of gaseous reactants and
products in chemical reactions.

Use stoichiometric calculations to

determine the volumes, number of
moles, or masses of gaseous
substances involved in reactions.
 OBJECTIVES:
Consider ideal gas behavior and
appropriate unit conversions to
ensure accurate predictions of
gaseous reactants and products.

Perform stoichiometry calcuations

involving volume, mass and moles
OVERVIEW OF THE LESSON:

1 DEFINE STOICHIOMETRY

2 EXPLAINING THE PRINCIPLES OF

STOICHIOMETRY
ABLE TO USE STOICHIOMETRIC
3
CALCULATIONS
 WHAT IS STOICHIOMETRY?
Stoichiometry is a section of chemistry that involves measuring the
relationships between the number of moles and mass of various
reactants and/or products in a chemical reaction to determine
desired quantitative data. This is essential in identifying the amount
of products and reactants being produced, or reactants that needed
in a given reaction. In Greek, stoikhein means element and metron
means measure, so stoichiometry literally translated means the
measure of elements. In order to use stoichiometry to run calculations
about chemical reactions, it is important to first understand the
relationships that exist between products and reactants and why they
exist, which require understanding how to balance reactions.
 IN STOICHIOMETRY:
REACTANTS MUST BE COMPLETELY
1 CONVERTED INTO PRODUCTS

2 SIDE REACTIONS SHOULD NOT OCCUR

THE LAW OF CONSERVATION OF

3 MASS AND THE LAW OF DEFINITE
PROPORTION MUST BE OBEYED
LAW OF CONSERVATION AND LAW OF
DEFINITE PROPORTIONS:

The law of conservation of mass states that

matter cannot be created or destroyed. The law of
definite proportions states that a given chemical
compound always contains the same elements in
the exact same proportions by mass.
 BALANCING CHEMICAL EQUATIONS
In chemistry, chemical reactions are frequently written as an
equation, using chemical symbols. The reactants are displayed
on the left side of the equation and the products are shown on
the right, with the separation of either a single or double arrow
that signifies the direction of the reaction. The significance of
single and double arrow is important when discussing
solubility constants, but we will not go into detail about it in
this lesson. To balance an equation, it is necessary that there
are the same number of atoms on the left side of the equation
as the right. One can do this by raising the coefficients.
 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:

STP: STANDARD TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE

STP: T = 0°C = 273K

STP: P = 1 ATM
1 MOL OF GAS = 22.4L
 THE PRINCIPLES OF STOICHIOMETRY
1. Balancing Chemical Equations: Before applying stoichiometry to
gaseous reactions, it's crucial to balance the chemical equation to ensure
that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the
equation. Balancing ensures that the reaction obeys the law of
conservation of mass.
2. Stoichiometric Ratios: Once the chemical equation is balanced,
stoichiometric ratios allow us to determine the quantitative relationship
between reactants and products. This involves understanding the
stoichiometric ratios based on the coefficients in the balanced equation.
These ratios indicate the mole-to-mole relationships between reactants
and products.
 THE PRINCIPLES OF STOICHIOMETRY
3. Ideal Gas Law: In gaseous reactions, the ideal gas law (PV = nRT)
plays a crucial role in stoichiometric calculations. This equation relates
the pressure (P), volume (V), temperature (T), and number of moles (n) of
a gas, along with the ideal gas constant (R). By rearranging the ideal gas
law equation, we can solve for any of the variables when the others are
known.
4. Calculating Stoichiometric Quantities: To determine the amounts of
gaseous reactants and products, we can use stoichiometry to calculate
their volumes, number of moles, or masses. This involves converting
between these units using the stoichiometric ratios derived from V e
balanced chemical equation and the ideal gas law.
TO APPLY THE PRINCIPLES OF STOICHIOMETRY
1. Write the Balanced Chemical Equation: Start by writing the balanced
chemical equation for the reaction you're interested in. Make sure it's
balanced, meaning that the number of atoms of each element is the same on
both sides of the equation.
2. Determine the Given and Desired Quantities: Identify what is given in the
problem and what you are asked to find. This could be the mass of a reactant
or product, the volume of a gas, or the number of moles of a substance.
3. Convert Given Quantity to Moles: If the given quantity is not already in
moles, convert it to moles using the molar mass of the substance. The molar
mass is the mass of one mole of the substance and is expressed in grams per
mole (g/mol).
TO APPLY THE PRINCIPLES OF STOICHIOMETRY
4. Calculate the Desired Quantity: Use the mole-to-mole
ratios to calculate the number of moles of the substance you're
interested in. Then, if necessary, convert the moles to the desired
quantity (mass, volume, etc.) using appropriate conversion
factors.
5. Check Units and Significant Figures: Make sure your units
are consistent throughout the calculation, and pay attention to
significant figures.
 REPORT IN GENCHEM I

EXAMPLE PROBLEMS:
ANSWER :
 REPORT IN GENCHEM I

EXAMPLE PROBLEMS:
EXAMPLE PROBLEMS:
 THANK YOU!
FOR LISTENING
QUIZ TIME!
(MADALI MAN LANG YADI)
PART 1:
WHAT ARE THE 4 PRINCIPLES OF
STOICHIOMETRY DISCUSSED? EXPLAIN BRIEFLY
PART 2:
1.What is the volume of 2.5 mol of Argon gas at STP?

2.If there are 175 liters of oxygen gas at STP how many
moles of o2 are present?
 REFERENCES:
https://youtu.be/hPY7d6GUEV0?si=APlE5aOWP0lGmjdJ

https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/General_Chemi
stry/Map%3A_Chemistry_-
_The_Central_Science_(Brown_et_al.)/03%3A_Stoichiome
try-_Chemical_Formulas_and_Equations

https://www.quora.com/What-are-the-principles-of-
stoichiometry-and-how-is-it-used-in-balancing-
chemical-equations

https://youtu.be/55pLDz1rp-g?si=lJs1uK4Y74OsxLQP