Revision –2024 Advanced Level

Tute No 7 – Quadratic Equation/Quadratic Function

j¾.c iólrK| j¾.c Ys%; Pure Mathematics
pkaok oykdhl
01. (a) m iy n ;d;a;aúl m%Nskak ixLHd fõ.

2 x 2  2  m  n  x  m2  n 2  0 iólrKfha uQ, w;d;a;aúl nj fmkajkak.

(b) f  x   x 2  2  2  1  x  52  4 fõ.  | R fõ.

(i) f  x  j¾.c m%ldYkh f  x    x  a 2  b iajrEmhg m%ldY lrkak.

fuys a iy b ,  u.ska ks¾Kh l< hq;=fõ.

(ii) tu.ska f  x  g .; yels wvq;u w.h;a , wvq;u w.h ,efnk x w.hka

fidhkak.

(iii) tu.ska f  x   0 iólrKhg ;d;a;aúl m%Nskak uQ, ;sfnk mßÈ  g .;

yels w.hka fidhkak.

02. f  x   0 iólrKhg ;d;a;aúl uQ, ;sfnk úg tla uQ,hla 2 g jvd jeä, wfkla uQ,h 2
jvd wvqfõ kï  g .; yels w.hka fidhkak.

03. 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 3 ys m%ia:drh w¢kak'

tu.ska
𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 3 = 0
𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 5 = 0
𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 1 = 0
𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 2 = 0
iólrKhkag we;s ;d;aúl uQ, .kak m%ldY lrkak'

04. 𝑓1 (𝑥) = −𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 3 Y%s;fha o< m%ia;drh w¢kak'

𝑓1 (𝑥) ys úYd,;u w.h meyeÈ,s f,i rEmfha fmkakqï lrkak'
i. 𝑑 > 5 i|yd;a
ii. 𝑑 < 5 i|yd;a
𝑦 = 𝑓2 (𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 𝑑 hkafkys o< m%ia:dr by; lS rEmfhau w¢kak'
𝑓1 (𝑥) = 𝑓2 (𝑥) j¾.c iólrKhg
𝑑 > 5 úg ;d;aúl uQ, ke;s nj;a
𝑑 < 5 úg ;d;aúl m%Nskak uQ, folla ;sfnk nj;a wfmdaykh lrkak'
𝑑 = 5 úg lsfula jkafkao @

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05. 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 2 iy 𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 1 iy 𝑦 = −2𝑥 + 1 o hk iólrK we;s jl%fha;a ir,
f¾Ldj,;a o< igyka tlu rEmhl w¢kak'
𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 2 = 0 ys uQ, w;r msysáfha 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 2 + 2𝑥 − 1 = 0 , 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 2 − (2𝑥 − 1) = 0
hk j¾.c iólrK tl tflys uQ, j,ska tlla ne.ska muKla nj wfmdaykh lrkak'

06. f  x   x 2  2 k x  2k 1  k | R 
(i) f  x  mßmQ¾K j¾.hla fia ,súh yels mßÈ k g .; yels w.hka fidhkak.

(ii) f  x   0 iólrKhg ;d;a;aúl uQ, .; yels mßÈ k g .; yels w.hka fidhkak.

(iii) f  x   0 iólrKfha uQ, fol u Ok w.hka jk mßÈ k g .; yels

w.hka fidhkak.
x 2  4x 1
07. f  x  2 hehs .ksuq'
x  x 1
(i) x ys ish¨ ;d;aúl w.hka i|yd f  x  Ys%;hg .; yels w.h mrdih
fidhkak'
(ii) f  x   3 úg ,efnk j¾.c iólrKfha uQ,  yd  kï "
 
(a) yd uQ, jk iólrKh yd
 1  1
 1
(b) yd uQ, jk iólrKh fidhkak'
  1 2
   1 2
08.  yd  hkq x 2  qx  r  0 j¾.c iólrKfha uQ, hehs .ksuq.
1 1
    q yd   r nj fmkajkak.   1 yd   1  hehs .ksuq.
p p 1
fuys p   0 ,  1  hkq ;d;a;aúl ixLHdjla fõ.
(i)  q  r  1  2  q 2  4r
yd r  1 nj fmkajkak.
1 1
(ii) q yd r weiqfrka jQ ix.=Kl iys; , 1 yd 1  uQ, jk j¾.c iólrKh
p p 1
fidhkak.

09. a , b  R yd b  0 hehs .ksuq'

f  x   x 2  ax  b 2 kï " f  0   0 nj fmkajkak'
 
f  x   0 iólrKfha uQ,  yd  hehs o t  hehs o .ksuq' b2t 2  a 2  t  1  nj

fmkajkak'fuf,i mj;sk t w.hka iudkj mj;S kï "
(i) a  0 úg  yd  yqfola w;d;aúl nj o "
(ii) a  0 úg f  x   0 ys uQ, iumd; jk nj o fmkajkak'
p , q  R yd q  0 hehs .ksuq'
 
g  x   x 2  px  q 2  0 iólrKfha uQ,  yd  hehs o k  hehs o .ksuq'

q 2 , pb , a 2 hk mo .=fKda;a;r fYa%Kshl mj;S kï "
k
t  k fyda t  jk nj fmkajkak'
k 1

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10. (a) y  x 3   a  1  x 2   b  a  x  b Ys%;fha  x 1  idOlhla nj fmkajkak'
b;sß idOlh olajk j¾.c Ys%;h t  x   x 2  ax  b nj fmkajkak'
t  x    x  A   B wdldrfhka olajd A yd B ys w.h a , b weiqßka
2

fidhkak'
t  x  wju w.h x  3 úg 6 kï a yd b fidhkak'
t  x  ys o< m%ia;drh w¢kak'

(b) t  x   0 ys uQ,  ,  kï

  a 2b 2  2b3  2b  a 2  4b 2
2
1
2

   
  
1 nj fmkajkak'
  b2
t  x  1 yd x 2  ax  b  0 iólrK j,ska x bj;a lr
x
bt  a  1  b  t  a 2   a  b   0 nj fmkajkak'
2 2

tkhska (b) ys m%;sM,h wfmdaykh lrkak'

11.  yd  hkq f  x   x 2  bx  c  0 j¾.c iólrKfha uQ, fõ' fuys b , c , | R iy

c  0 yd f  1   0 fõ'

 c  x  y  1   b  c hehs § we;akï "

(i) x hkak y , b yd c weiqfrka fidhd

c 2
  
 bc  c y 2  2c  bc  b 2 y  c  0 nj fmkajkak' fuys y  1 fõ'

(ii) by; fidhk ,o iólrKfha uQ,  yd  weiqfrka muKla m%ldY lrkak'

 
(iii) ta khska  ys w.h b yd c weiqfrka m%ldY lrkak'
  1     1 
12. x 2  px  q  2 uQ,  yd  kï  3 yd  3 uQ, jk iólrKh fidhkak'

tkhska x2  2 x  1  0 uQ,  yd  kï  9 yd  9 uQ, jk iólrKh fidhkak'

 9 yd  9 fidhkak'
 9   9 fidhkak'
 9 ys wdikak w.h wfmdaykh lrkak'

13.  yd  hkq a yd b ksh; jk x2  ax  b  0 iólrKfha uQ, fõ'

Sn   n   n n  1 , 2 , 3 ....... S0  2 o kï

Sn  aSn 1  bSn  2  0 n  2 , 3 , ...... nj fmkajkak'

tkhska a , b weiqßka  5 yd  5 uQ, jk iólrKh fidhd 1 /  5 yd 1 /  5 uQ,jk

iólrKh o ,nd .kak'

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14.  yd  hkq x 2  b x  c  0 iólrKfha uQ, hehs o  yd  hkq x 2  m x  n  0 iólrKfha
uQ, hehs o .ksuq; fuys b , c , m , n | R fõ.

(i) b yd c weiqfrka     2
fidhd , ta khska m yd n weiqfrka      2 ,shd olajkak.        kï
b2  4 c  m2  4 n nj wfmdaykh lrkak.
(ii)                       c  n  2   b  m   b n  c m  nj fmkajkak.

x 2  b x  c  0 yd x 2  m x  n  0 iólrKj,g fmdÿ uQ,hla we;af;a

 c  n  2   m  b  b n  c m  u kï muKla nj wfmdaykh lrkak.
x 2  10 x  k  0 yd x 2  k x  10  0 iólrKj,g fmdÿ uQ,hla we;;
fuys k hkq ;d;a;aúl ksh;hls. k ys w.hka fidhkak.

15. (a) a , b  | R yd a  0 kï
f  x   a x2   a  b  x  b  0 hehs .ksuq'
f  x  j¾.c iólrKfha uQ,  yd  kï    yd   ysw.h a yd b weiqfrka
,shd olajkak'
 1  1  b  a   1  1
  nj fmkajd yd uQ, jk j¾.c iólrKh
  a  
fidhkak'
;jÿrg;a    fõ kï a  b jk nj o fmkajkak'
11. (a)  yd  hkq x 2  bx  c  0 iólrKfha ;d;a;aúl uQ, fõ' ;j o    fõ'
    b2  4c nj fmkajkak'
   1  yd    2  hkq 2 x 2  qx  r  0 iólrKfha uQ, kï b , c weiqfrka
"
q  2  b  3  iy
r  2c  3b  4  b2  4c nj fmkajkak'
   úg q 2  4  2r  1  nj fmkajkak'
16. (a) a , b  | R yd a  0 kï
f  x   a x2   a  b  x  b  0 hehs .ksuq'
f  x  j¾.c iólrKfha uQ,  yd  kï    yd   ysw.h a yd b weiqfrka
,shd olajkak'
 1  1  b  a   1  1
  nj fmkajd yd uQ, jk j¾.c iólrKh
  a  
fidhkak'
;jÿrg;a    fõ kï a  b jk nj o fmkajkak'

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