CCDI 5-Technical English 1

TOPIC:

 PARTS OF SPEECH

A part of speech explains how a word is used. In traditional English grammar,

there are eight parts of speech.

1. Noun: a noun is a word that names a person, place, or thing.

2. Pronoun: a pronoun is word that is used in place of a noun.
3. Adjectives: Is a word that describes a noun. It can tell what kind and how many.
4. Verb: is a word that shows action. A present tense verb shows action that is
happening now. A past tense verb shows action that has already happened. A
future tense verb shows action that will happen.
5. Adverb: an adverb is a word that describes a verb. It can tell how or when.
6. Conjunction: A conjunction is a word that connects words in a sentence.
7. Preposition: A preposition is a word that links and relates a noun or a pronoun to
another word in a sentence.
8. Interjection: An interjection is word that expresses emotion. It is usually an
exclamation that is followed by an exclamation point (!). sometimes it is followed by
a comma (,).

 RULES ON GRAMMAR AND MECHANICS IN POLICE REPORT WRITING (Part 1)

A. Selection and Use of Words

1. Vocabulary – the word of language or the supply of words which we know and which
we use, whether speaking or writing.
2. Diction – the correct choice of words, selecting the exact, precise, objectives words to
convey a meaning.
3. Words – the only tools of communication and the first integral part which make up the
whole narration of facts.
4. Antonyms – words with opposite meanings.
5. Synonyms – words with similar meanings but of different sounds and spelling.
6. Homonyms – words with similar sounds but with different meanings and spelling.

B. Sentence Construction

Sentences should be short, simple and direct because the longer the sentence is,
the more difficult is for the reader to follow it, and that leads confusion to your report,
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 whereas, short sentences lend emphasis, clarity an communication, which is what this text
is all about, and as example, this entire paragraph is one sentence with no periods, and at
this point, you should feel as though you are smothering in words and wish there would be
a period so you could take a breath.

On the other hand, short sentences are easy to read. They allow for much needed
breathing spaces. Short sentences also provide a refreshing directness seldom found in
longer sentences.

Notice Against

“The suspect accused the arresting
officer of kicking him while the former was
being forced into the police van and when the
suspect was thrown to the ground, the
arresting officer hit the suspect again in his
face with his pistol.”
“The suspect accused the arresting officer of
kicking him while he was forced into the
police van. When the suspect was thrown to
the ground, the arresting officer hit him again
in his face with his pistol.”

1. Correctness in a Sentence – Crimes are investigated after it is committed, and reports

should be written after the investigation, therefore, a report should be written in PAST
TENSE
2. Three Essentials Elements of a Narrative
a. Setting – When? Where?
b. Characters – Who? – victims, suspects, witnesses
c. Action – What? Why? How?

Two Components of a Sentence

1. Subject – wherein you must name what you are talking about.
2. Predicate – wherein you must tell about the subject.

Four General Kinds of Sentences

1. Declarative Sentence – declares or states a fact. It ends with a period.

2. Interrogative Sentence – asks a question and ends with a question mark.
3. Imperative Sentence – expresses request or command and ends with a period.
4. Exclamatory Sentence – exclaims a strong feeling or emotion and usually
ends with a exclamation mark.

Police Sentence – a grammatically narration of facts with the usual subject, predicate and
verb. It is distinctive because of the use of police words, phrases, clauses and other
terminologies without however, being too technical, legal and vulgar.

Topic Sentence – is the first sentence immediately at the beginning of the next or ensuing
or following paragraph.

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ABBREVIATIONS

1. If an abbreviation might confuse your reader, use it and the complete phrase the first time.
2. Use all capital letters (no periods and no space between letter or symbols for acronyms)
3. Capitalize just the first letter of abbreviations for titles and companies; the abbreviation
follows with a period.
4. Form the plural of an abbreviation (as well as numbers) by adding just an s.
5. Omit the period after abbreviations of unit of measurement except in. for inch. Do not
abbreviate short words such ad acre or ton.
6. Use periods with Latin abbreviations
7. Do not abbreviate units of measurement preseded by approximations.
CAPITALIZATION

1. Capitalize a title that immediately precedes name, but do not capitalize if it is generic.
2. Capitalize proper nouns and adjectives
3. Capitalize trade name, but not the product.
4. Capitalize titles of courses and departments and the titles of majors that refer to a specific
degree program
5. Do not capitalize after a colon. Capitalize after the colon if the second clause is
independent.
NUMBERS

1. Spell out numbers below 10; use figures for 10 and above.
2. Spell out numbers that begin sentences
3. If a series contains numbers above and below 10, use numerals for all of them.
4. Use numerals for numbers that accompany units of measurement and time.
5. In compound-number adjectives, spell out the first one or the shorter one to avoid
confusion
6. Use figures to record specific measurements.
7. Combine figures snd words for extremely large round numbers
8. For decimal fractionsof less than 1, place zero before the decimal point
9. Place the last two letters of the ordinal after fractions uses a s nouns
10. Spell out ordinals below 10
11. For 10 and above, use the number and the last two letters of the ordinal

Examples: (example per number)

ABBREVIATIONS

1. Submit quarterly your Personnel Evaluation Report (PER)

2. PNP, NAPOLCOM, ICJE, DILG
3. Pres., Dr., Mr., Corp.
4. PERs, DTRs, TORs
5. kg, oz, km, cm
6. e.g (For example), i.e.(thst is), etc. (and so forth)
7. Sever plural pound per square in, a number of kilometers

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CAPITALIZATION.

1. Senior Vice President will inspect our project tomorrow

The senior vice president will inspect our project tomorrow
2. Asia, Asian, Franc, French
3. Apple laptops, Isuze motor vehicle
4. The facntastic course I took was Statistics 1.
5. The chair has four legs: legs, seat, arms and back.
NUMBERS

1. Four suspects, 17 victims

2. Twenty-five police recruits were dismissed from the service
3. Pedro, the suspect, has 3 rifles, 29 pistols and 1109 revolvers.
4. 1 gram, 26 yards, 0.132 minute
5. 75 twelve-volt batteries, ten 1,500-km runs
6. In the 100-meter run, he took readings of 7.6, 7.7, and 7.2.
7. 10 trillion police officers, three (3) thrillion police officers
8. 0.896 km,
9. 1/10th of a second but not after fractions that modify nouns (1/10th horsepower-wrong)
10. Third suspect, ninth incident ,13th victim
11. 21st month, 55th police officer

VOCABULARY:

1. Accident- an unfortunate mishap

2. Acquainted- having fair knowledge of
3. Adjacent- having a common boundary or edge
4. Affidavit- written declaration made under oath
5. Aggravated- made more severe or intense especially in law
6. Alibi- proof that someone accised of a crime could not have done it
7. Alleged – doubtful or suspect
8. Ambulance- vehicle that takes people to and from hospitals
9. Analysis- abstract sepration of a whole into its sonstituent parts
10. Angle- the space between two lines or planes that intersect
11. Arraign- accuse of a wrong or an inadequacy
12. Arrest- take into custody
13. Assumption- this pertains to the belief of somebody that something is true without having
any proof
14. Autopsy- an examination and dissection of a dead body
15. Battery- a collection of related things intended fore use together
16. Burglary- entering a building unlawfully intending to commit a felony
17. Caliber- diameter of a tube or gun barrel
18. Chronological order- refers to the arrangement of events and/or actions in the order or by
the time of their occurrence
19. Cocaine addict- a person addicted to cocaine
20. Coherence- in writing, this meant to be logically or aesthetically consistent so that all the
separate facts or information fit together and add up to a harmonious or credible

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21. Collision- an accident resulting from violent impact of a moving object
22. Communication- use of language, spoken or written to exchange ideas or transfer
information.
23. Concealed- not accessible to view
24. Conclusion- pertains to a decision made or an opinion formed after considering relevant
facts or evidence
25. Continuing- remaining in force or being carried on without letup