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Linking words are words used to connect sentences and clauses together, in
this manner creating coherence and cohesion inside a text. There are many
linking words, and they are all grouped together into various groups. They are:
Addition
Emphasis
Cause
Effect
Relative
Opinion
Examples
Summing
Contrast
Purpose
Narration
Every group has an own appropriate use, whereas we’ll discuss every group
very thoroughly, and later show examples to further enhance the explanation.
Addition
Linking words of addition are words that connect two clauses together, being
that the second clause adds information that agrees with the first clause. If there
is a good information in the first clause, there should be a good a one on the
second clause, and vice-versa. Below are the linking words of addition:
And
Another point is that
As well as
Besides
Furthermore,
In addition,
Moreover,
Not only... but also
What is more
Contrast
Linking words of contrast work similarly to addition. The main difference here is
that these words are used to contrast information, so the information on the
second clause is opposite to the one on the first clause. Below are the linking
words of contrast:
But
Although
Despite
However,
In contrast,
In spite of
Neither... nor
Nevertheless,
On the contrary,
On the other hand
Whereas
While
Emphasis
Above all
Especially
Exactly because
Naturally,
Particularly
The more...
Too/enough
Whatever
Whenever
Cause
Linking words of cause are used when we need to explain something. The first
clause usually brings a piece of information that is explained by in the second
clause. Below are the linking words of cause:
Because
As
Since
This is why
Because of
Due to
Owing to
For this reason,
Effect
Linking words of effect are used when the information of the first clause has an
effect, then explained on the second clause. Below are the linking words of
effect:
So
As a result
Consequently,
Not enough... for/to
So... that
Such a... that
Therefore
Thus
Too... for/to
Relative
Linking words of relative clauses, or relative linking words, are used in relative
clauses. Consisting of mainly wh- words, these linking words are widely used to
give meaning to sentences. Below are the relative linking words:
That
What
When
Where
Which
Who
To whom
Whose
Why
Opinion
Examples
Relative words of examples follow the logic of the ones of opinion. They are
used to give examples about any piece of information. Below are the linking
words of examples:
For example
For instance
For one thing
This includes
Such as e.g.
i.e. (that is)
Summing
Linking words of summing are used when we want to sum up information that
we gave through a text. Below are the linking words of summing:
All in all
Overall
Generally
In conclusion
On the whole
In the main
To sum up
Purpose
Linking words of purpose are used when the information on the first clause has
a purpose, and so it needs to be explained on the second clause. Below are the
linking words of Purpose:
To
So as to
In order that
So that
For (non-specific)
Narration
After
After that
Afterwards
At first
At the beginning
Before
During
First (of all)
In the beginning
Next
Prior to
Soon
Then
As soon as
At last
At the end
Eventually
Finally
Hardly... when
Immediately
In the end
No sooner... than
On
Once
Suddenly
To begin with,