Kendriya Vidyalaya No - 3, Faridabad

Holiday Homework Autumn Break Class X - Triangles

Prepared by R K Singh

AD AE
1. In the given figure,  and ∠ADE = 70°, ∠BAC = 50°, then angle ∠BCA =
BD EC

(a) 70° (b) 50° (c) 80° (d) 60°

2. In given figure, AD = 3 cm, AE = 5 cm, BD = 4 cm, CE = 4 cm, CF = 2 cm, BF = 2.5 cm, then

(a) DE || BC (b) DF || AC (c) EF || AB (d) none of these

3. If ΔABC ~ ΔEDF and ΔABC is not similar to ΔDEF, then which of the following is not true?
(a) BC . EF = AC . FD
(b) AB . EF = AC . DE
(c) BC . DE = AB . EF
(d) BC . DE = AB . FD

AB BC CA

4. If in two triangles ABC and PQR,  , then
QR PR PQ
(a) ΔPQR ~ ΔCAB (b) ΔPQR ~ ΔABC (c) ΔCBA ~ ΔPQR (d) ΔBCA ~ ΔPQR

AB BC
5. If in triangles ABC and DEF,  , then they will be similar, when
DE FD
(a) ∠B = ∠E (b) ∠A = ∠D (c) ∠B = ∠D (d) ∠A = ∠F
6. The perimeters of two similar triangles are 25 cm and 15 cm respectively. If one side of first
triangle is 9 cm., what is the corresponding side of the other triangle?
(a) 5.4 (b) 3.5 (c) 5.5 (d) 4.5

7. In figure DE || BC. If BD = x – 3, AB = 2x. CE = x – 2 and AC = 2x + 3. Find x.

(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 9 (d) none of these

8. In the figure, AP = 3 cm, AR = 4.5 cm, AQ = 6 cm, AB = 5 cm and AC = 10 cm. Find the length
of AD.

(a) 6.5 (b) 7.5 (c) 5.5 (d) 4.5

In the following questions 9 and 10, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of reason
(R). Mark the correct choice as:
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(b)Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d)Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

9. Assertion (A): D and E are points on the sides AB and AC respectively of a ΔABC such that
DE║BC then the value of x is 11, when AD = 4cm, DB = (x – 4) cm, AE = 8cm and EC = (3x –
19) cm.
Reason (R): If a line divides any two sides of a triangle in the same ratio then it is parallel to the
third side.

10. Assertion (A): D and E are points on the sides AB and AC respectively of a ΔABC such that AD
= 5.7cm, DB = 9.5cm, AE = 4.8cm and EC = 8cm then DE is not parallel to BC.
Reason (R): If a line divides any two sides of a triangle in the same ratio then it is parallel to the
third side.

11. In figure, ΔABD is a right triangle, right angled at A and AC ⊥ BD. Prove that AB2 = BC.BD.
12. In ΔABC, D and E are points on the sides AB and AC respectively, such that DE || BC. If AD
= x, DB = x – 2, AE = x + 2 and EC = x – 1, Find the value of x.

13. In the figure, PQR and QST are two right triangles, right angled at R and T respectively. Prove
that QR × QS = QP × QT

14. In the given figure, ABC is a triangle, right angled at B and BD ⊥ AC. If AD = 4 cm and CD = 5
cm, find BD and AB.

15. In figure, two triangles ABC and DBC lie on the same side of base BC. P is a point on BC such
that PQ || BA and PR || BD. Prove that QR || AD.

16. P and Q are points on the sides AB and AC respectively of a triangle ABC. If AP = 2 cm, PB = 4
cm, AQ = 3cm, QC = 6 cm, prove that BC = 3PQ.
1
17. In figure, D and E are points on AB and AC respectively, such that DE || BC. If AD = BD, AE
3
= 4.5 cm, find AC.

18. If a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle, the other two sides are divided in the same
ratio, prove it. Use this result to prove the following :
AE BF
In the given figure, if ABCD is a trapezium in which AB || DC || EF, then 
ED FC
19. On one day, a poor girl of height 90 cm is looking for a lamp-post for completing her homework
as in her area power is not there and she finds the same at some distance away from her home.
After completing the homework, she is walking away from the base of a lamp-post at a speed of
1.2 m/s. The lamp is 3.6 m above the ground (see below figure).

(i) Find her distance from the base of the lamp post. (2)
(ii) Find the length of her shadow after 4 seconds. (2)
OR
(ii) Find the ratio AC:CE. (2)

20. Vijay is trying to find the average height of a tower near his house. He is using the properties of
similar triangles. The height of Vijay’s house if 20 m when Vijay’s house casts a shadow 10 m
long on the ground. At the same time, the tower casts a shadow 50 m long on the ground and the
house of Ajay casts 20 m shadow on the ground.

(a) What is the height of the tower? (1)

(b) What is the height of Ajay’s house? (1)
(c) What will be the length of the shadow of the tower when Vijay’s house casts a shadow of 12
m? (2)
OR
(c) When the tower casts a shadow of 40 m, same time what will be the length of the shadow of
Ajay’s house? (2)
 Kendriya Vidyalaya No - 3, Faridabad

Holiday Homework Autumn Break - Chapter Trignometry

Prepared by R K Singh

1. If 3 cot θ = 2, then the value of tan θ

2 3 3 2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 2 13 13

2. If sin θ – cos θ = 0, then the value of (sin4 θ + cos4 θ) is

1 3 1
(a) 1 (b) (c) (d)
2 4 4
3. If ΔABC is right angled at C, then the value of sin (A + B) is
1 3
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) (d)
2 2
4
4. If cosecA – cotA = , then cosec A =
5
47 59 51 41
(a) (b) (c) (d)
40 40 40 40

5. In the given figure, if AB = 14 cm, then the value of tan B is:

4 14 5 13
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 3 3 3

6. The angle of depression of a car, standing on the ground, from the top of a 75 m high tower, is
30°. The distance of the car from the base of the tower (in m) is:
(a) 25 3 (b) 50 3 (c) 75 3 (d) 150

7. If 3 sin θ – cos θ = 0 and 0° < θ < 90°, find the value of θ.

(a) 30° (b) 45° (c) 60° (d) 90°
8. A ladder 15 m long just reaches the top of a vertical wall. If the ladder makes an angle of 60°
with the wall, then the height of the wall is
(a) 15 3 m (b) 15 3 /2 m (c) 15/2 m (d) 15 m

In the following questions 9 and 10, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of
reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

9. Assertion (A): If x = 2 sin2θ and y = 2 cos2θ + 1 then the value of x + y = 3.

Reason (R): For any value of θ, sin2θ + cos2θ = 1

10. Assertion (A): Sin A is the product of Sin and A.

Reason (R): The value of sinθ increases as θ increases.

11. ABC is a right triangle, right angled at C. If A = 30° and AB = 40 units, find the remaining two
sides of ΔABC.

12. Find the value of x if tan 3x = sin 45°. cos 45° + sin 30°.

13. If sin θ + cos θ = p and sec θ + cosec θ = q, show that q(p2 – 1) = 2p.

5sin 2 300  cos 2 450  4 tan 2 600

14. Evaluate:
2sin 300 cos 600  tan 450

p2 1
15. If sec θ + tan θ = p, prove that sin θ = .
p2 1

sin   cos  sin   cos  2sec 2 

16. Prove that:  
sin   cos sin   cos  tan 2   1

1 1 1 1
17. Prove that:   
cos ec  cot  sin  sin  cos ec  cot 

18. If cosec θ – sin θ = m and sec θ – cos θ = n, prove that (m2n)2/3 + (mn2)2/3 = 1.

19. A lighthouse is a tall tower with light near the top. These are often built on islands, coasts or on
cliffs. Lighthouses on water surface act as a navigational aid to the mariners and send warning to
 boats and ships for dangers. Initially wood, coal would be used as illuminators. Gradually it was
replaced by candles, lanterns, electric lights. Nowadays they are run by machines and remote
monitoring. Prongs Reef lighthouse of Mumbai was constructed in 1874-75. It is approximately
40 meters high and its beam can be seen at a distance of 30 kilometres. A ship and a boat are
coming towards the lighthouse from opposite directions. Angles of depression of flash light from
the lighthouse to the boat and the ship are 300 and 600 respectively.

(i) Which of the two, boat or the ship is nearer to the light house. Find its distance from the
lighthouse? (2)
(ii) Find the time taken by the boat to reach the light house if it is moving at the rate of 2 km per
hour. (2)
OR
(ii) The ratio of the height of a light house and the length of its shadow on the ground is √3 : 1 .
What is the angle of elevation of the sun? (2)
20. A 1.2 m tall girl spots a balloon moving with the wind in a horizontal line at a height of 88.2 m
from the ground. The angle of elevation of the balloon from the eyes of the girl at any instant is
60°. After 30 seconds, the angle of elevation reduces to 30° (see the below figure).

Based on the above information, answer the following questions. (Take √3 =1.732)
(i) Find the distance travelled by the balloon during the interval. (2)
(ii) Find the speed of the balloon. (2)
OR
(ii) If the elevation of the sun at a given time is 30°, then find the length of the shadow cast by a
tower of 150 feet height at that time. (2)
 Kendriyya Vidyalaya No - 3, Faridabad

Holiday Homework Autumn Break Chapter - Circle

Prepared By R K Singh

1. In the given below figure, point P is 26 cm away from the centre O of a circle and the length PT
of the tangent drawn from P to the circle is 24 cm. Then the radius of the circle is

(a) 25 cm (b) 26 cm (c) 24 cm (d) 10 cm

2. In the figure AT is a tangent to the circle with centre O such that OT = 4 cm and OTA = 30°.
Then AT is equal to
(a) 4 cm (b) 2 cm (c) 2√3 cm (d) 4√3 cm

3. In figure if O is centre of a circle, PQ is a chord and the tangent PR at P makes an angle of 50°
with PQ, then POQ is equal to

(a) 100° (b) 80° (c) 90° (d) 75°

4. In figure, O is the centre of a circle, AB is a chord and AT is the tangent at A. If AOB = 100°,
then BAT is equal to
 (a) 100° (b) 40° (c) 50° (d) 90°

5. In the figure PA and PB are tangents to the circle with centre O. If APB = 60°, then OAB is

(a) 30° (b) 60° (c) 90° (d) 15°

6. In the given figure, TP and TQ are two tangents to a circle with centre O, such that POQ =
110°. Then PTQ is equal to

(a) 55° (b) 70° (c) 110° (d) 90°

7. In figure, AP, AQ and BC are tangents to the circle. If AB = 5 cm, AC = 6 cm and BC = 4 cm,
then the length of AP (in cm) is

(a) 7.5 (b) 15 (c) 10 (d) 9

8. In figure, PQ and PR are tangents to a circle with centre A. If QPA = 27°, then QAR equals to

(a) 63° (b) 153° (c) 126° (d) 117°

In the following questions 9 and 10, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of
reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

9. Assertion (A): From a point Q, the length of the tangent to a circle is 24 cm and the distance of
Q from the centre is 25 cm then the radius of the circle is 7 cm.
Reason (R): A tangent to a circle is perpendicular to the radius through the point of contact

10. Assertion (A): In the below figure, AB and CD are common tangents to circles which touch
each other at D. If AB = 8 cm, then the length of CD is 4 cm

Reason (R): A tangent to a circle is perpendicular to the radius through the point of contact

11. In the below figure, there are two concentric circles, with centre O and of radii 5 cm and 3 cm.
From an external point P, tangents PA and PB are drawn to these circles. If AP = 12 cm, find the
length of BP.

12. In figure, a circle touches the side BC of ∆ABC at P and touches AB and AC produced at Q and
R respectively. If AQ = 5 cm, find the perimeter of ∆ABC.

13. Two tangents PA and PB are drawn to the circle with centre O, such that APB = 120°. Prove
that OP = 2AP.

14. In figure, AP and BP are tangents to a circle with centre O, such that AP = 5 cm and APB =
60°. Find the length of chord AB.
15. Prove that the intercept of a tangent between two parallel tangents to a circle subtends a right
angle at the centre.

16. In figure, from an external point P, two tangents PT and PS are drawn to a circle with centre O
and radius r. If OP = 2r, show that OTS = OST = 30°.

17. In figure, two equal circles, with centres O and O′, touch each other at X. OO′ produced meets
the circle with centre O′ at A. AC is tangent to the circle with centre O, at the point C. O′D is
DO '
perpendicular to AC. Find the value of .
CO

18. In figure, the sides AB, BC and CA of triangle ABC touch a circle with centre O and radius r at
P, Q and R respectively.
Prove that
(i) AB + CQ = AC + BQ
1
(ii) Area ( ABC) = (perimeter of ABC) × r
2
19. The discus throw is an event in which an athlete attempts to throw a discus. The athlete spins
anti-clockwise around one and a half times through a circle, then releases the throw. When
released, the discus travels along tangent to the circular spin orbit.

In the given figure, AB is one such tangent to a circle of radius 75 cm. Point O is centre of the
circle and ∠ABO = 30°. PQ is parallel to OA.

Based on the above, information:

(a) Find the length of AB. (1)
(b) Find the length of OB. (1)
(c) Find the length of AP. (2)
OR
(c) Find the length of PQ. (2)

20. Circles play an important part in our life. When a circular object is hung on the wall with a cord
at nail N, the cords NA and NB work like tangents. Observe the figure, given that ∠ANO = 30°
and OA = 5 cm.
Based on the above, answer the following questions:
(a) Find the distance AN.
(b) Find the measure of ∠AOB.
(c) Find the total length of cords NA, NB and the chord AB.
OR
(c) If ∠ANO is 45°, then name the type of quadrilateral OANB.