Thermodynamics JEE Advanced Practice Problems

by Indian School of Physics

1. One mole of mono atomic gas is taken from point A to point B through a straight-line path as
shown in the P-V diagram. Find the temperature and volume of the gas at which heat will
change its sign i.e., the process becomes exothermic from endothermic. Also calculate the heat
supplied to the gas.

2. An ideal gas sample consists of large number of molecules is placed inside spherical container of
radius R0. We start our observation of gas molecules at t=0, at this instant a gas molecule is
present at the center of the sphere. It has been observed that the gas molecule is at a radial
distance on r0 after time of T0. Find the approximate time TR after which molecule hits the
container walls. Use assumptions of kinetic theory of gases. Assume that the temperature of the
gas remains constant.
3. A thermally insulated vessel is divided into two parts by a heat insulating piston which can move
in the vessel without friction. The left part of the vessel contains one mole of an ideal gas
(monatomic) and the right part is empty. The piston connected to the right wall of the vessel
through a spring whose length in free state is equal to the length of the vessel. Determine the
heat capacity C of the system neglecting the heat capacities of the vessel, piston and spring.

4. A sample of mono atomic gas is kept in an insulated horizontal cylinder and piston system of
cross-section area A. There are two identical springs of spring constant K attached at the end of
cylinder and piston as shown in the figure. It is given that initially both the springs are in natural
length and the initial gas volume is Vo. There is a charged capacitor of capacitance C having
initial charge of Q0. The two plates of capacitor can be joined with each other using a switch Sw ,
initially switch is open. What should be the value of Q0 so that the displacement of piston in
equilibrium is X0 when switch is closed? Neglect any friction and heat capacity of wires, piston
and cylinders are massless. Atmospheric pressure is Po.
5. A candle is made of a conducting material of conductivity k and having cross-section radius r0,
and length L0 . Temperature of flame is TF °C. The other end of candle is connected to a block of
mass M and specific heat S initial temperature of block is T0°C. The candle starts burning at
constant rate of a m3 /s. Find the temperature of block as a function of time t.

6. A sphere is kept inside the two liquids with its centre at the interface of two liquids of densities
p, and p, as shown in the figure. Force applied by liquid (1) on the upper half of hemisphere is F1
𝐹
and force applied by liquid 2 on the lower half is F2 Find the value of 𝐹1 .
2

7. A kettle of negligible heat capacity containing m; = 1.0 kg of cold water at 6 = 0.0 °C is put on a
massive plate of an electric heater of constant power. The water starts boiling in a time interval
At = 15 min after the heater is switched on. If another 1.0 kg of cold water is added into the
kettle, the whole water starts boiling again after a time interval At, = 10 min. Now the heater is
switched off. If entire heat stored in the heater plate is transferred to the water, calculate mass
of water evaporated after the heater is switched off. Specific heat of water is s = 4.2 kJ/(kg-°C),
specific latent heat of vaporization is L = 2.1×106 J/kg, boiling point of water is = 100 °C and heat
loss to the environment is negligible.
Hint: After the heater is switched on; a part of heat generated is stored in the heater-plate
and the remaining part is utilized to increase the temperature of the initial amount of water
present in the kettle. After the heater is switched off, the heat stored in the heater-plate is
utilized to vaporize the water present in the kettle.
8. One mole of an ideal mono-atomic gas undergoes quasi-static process A→B→C→A that is
shown in the figure, where C is molar heat capacity of the gas and 0 is temperature of the gas.
Find amount of heat Q received by the gas from the heater heating the gas, work done W by the
gas in the entire cycle and efficiency 7 of the cycle? Molar gas constant is R = 8.31 J/(mol·K).

9. Two large black plates of area A are oriented parallel to each other and are maintained at
temperatures Ti and Tf. Now, if N identical black plates are slotted between them – numbered
from 1 to N from left to right, with the first plate being the closest to the plate with temperature
Ti , determine the net heat flux transferred between adjacent plates at steady state and the
temperature of the jth plate in the N intermediate plates.

10. Two large thin plates of area A0 of each surface are placed parallel to each other in vacuum. The
left plate is a black body and the right plate is a grey body having emissivity e. The left plate is
maintained at temperature T1. What will be the equilibrium temperature of second plate?
11. Two large opaque plates with area A and emissivities ɛ1 and ɛ2 are parallel to each other. If the
two plates maintained at temperatures T1 and T2 respectively, determine the net heat flux
between them.

12. An ideal gas having f degrees of freedom is kept inside a thermally insulated vessel, the vessel
has two large pistons each with charge of +Q and -Q. Assume charges are uniformly distributed.
Pistons can move without friction inside the vessel. At an instant the charge of pistons is
increased k times with the help of an external agent. Find the ratio of final to initial temperature
of gas in equilibrium. Also calculate the work done by the agent in the process.

13. N moles of monoatomic gas is trapped between two insulated pistons A and B and a fixed heat
insulator long cylinder C system as shown. The pistons A and B are having masses m1 and m2
respectively, They can slide inside the cylinder without friction. At the initial instant piston, A is
given a velocity 𝑣0 and B is at rest. Find the maximum temperature 𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑥 of the gas during the
motion?
14. A highly thin conducting spherical shell of radius Ro is completely filled with water at 0°C.
Outside surrounding temperature is -T°C. Latent heat of fusion of water is Lo and thermal
conductivity of ice is 𝑘𝑖𝑐𝑒 . Assume heat flowing symmetrically in radial direction. Density of
water is Po. Neglect the expansion of water on freezing. Time in which thickness of ice will
𝑅0 𝜌 𝑙0 𝑅02
0
become is given by 2𝐴 Then the value of A, will be?
2 0 𝑇0 𝑘𝑖𝑐𝑒
Channel Link: https://www.youtube.com/c/INDIANSCHOOLOFPHYSICSnitin/videos
Telegram Channel: https://t.me/joinchat/AAAAAEfiDr2Id6qa9ctb5w
Playlist link: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLlvzNT6o5XpI3RUWo8Uwd3nhrIchWJgY8
Problem 1: https://youtu.be/RJJ5cojnTxg
Problem 2: https://youtu.be/fuCTn8ge1nM
Problem 3: https://youtu.be/TJNcCyl2TUA
Problem 4: https://youtu.be/d6S9uLsIh6g
Problem 5: https://youtu.be/C5AU-P7BnOY
Problem 6: https://youtu.be/3XfuqFb2gr8
Problem 7: https://youtu.be/DmHc7EbWF6Q
Problem 8: https://youtu.be/Uqr1PEEOrK0
Problem 9: https://youtu.be/ncH5-x6ejJc
Problem 10: https://youtu.be/HV9b5-EB-Qg
Problem 11: https://youtu.be/TTo5gXFQZTc
Problem 12: https://youtu.be/TTo5gXFQZTc
Problem 13: https://youtu.be/Zy0TGXvs598
Problem 14: https://youtu.be/T-Axe4b8Nm4

The above problems have been borrowed from the youtube channel Indian School
of Physics owned by the legendary Physics teacher Mr. Nitin Sachan.

Compiled by – Aum Vats (@AumVats)