PTCC Thermal Calculation (1 Ví Dụ Tính Toán Nhiệt Cho Unitized)

Professor Torsten Calvi Corporation
11th Floor, Telecoms Plaza,

316 Senator Gil Puyat Avenue,
Salcedo Village, Makati City,
Metro Manila, Philippines
Tel: (+63 2) 887 6051 / (+63 2) 752 1854
Fax: (+63 2) 888 6512 / (+63 2) 752 1855
www.torstencalvi.com mailroom@torstencalvi.com
Preliminary Thermal Analysis of

Typical Unitized Curtain Wall (Tinted Glass) for
BPO Tower
ONE AYALA AVENUE

Makati City
Document Reference No.

PTCC-1AYL-CS01-001NC
Revision 02
Prepared for:
Makati Development Corporation
Prepared by:
Professor Torsten Calvi Corporation
15 May 2017
PRELIMINARY THERMAL ANALYSIS OF THE TYPICAL UNITIZED CURTAIN WALL (TINTED GLASS) FOR THE BPO TOWER OF ONE AYALA AVENUE - Makati City
PTCC-1AYL-CS01-001NC REV02
Revision Status Summary

ONE AYALA AVENUE Thermal Performance Analysis
Makati City
Submittal Date Revision Notes Comments
15 May 2017 Revision 02 This thermal calculation set analyzed the thermal performance of grey-
Prepared by: tinted class with a single Low-E coating on the #2 surface for the BPO
tower.
JAJA
Checked by:
RLV/ADL
10 November 2016 Revision 01 This thermal calculation set analyzed the thermal performance of grey-
Prepared by: tinted glass with varying coatings on the #2 surface for the BPO tower.
JAJA
Checked by:
RLV/ADL
21 October 2016 Revision 00 This thermal calculation set analyzed three different candidate glass types
Prepared by: for the BPO tower.
JAJA
Checked by:
RLV/ADL
Table of Contents
Thermal Analysis for Typical Unitized Curtain Wall (Tinted Glass) System of
One Ayala Avenue, Makati City
Introduction / Executive Summary

Material Thermal Properties
Environmental Conditions (Solar Heat Gain Coefficient)
Environmental Conditions (U-Factor)
Glass Types and Properties
Area Elevation Drawing
CHAPTER 1: Thermal Performance Analysis (NFRC Summer Condition) Page I – 1

Average Thermal Performance

Summary of Computations for Overall Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC) Page I – 2
for the Vision Panel of the Typical Unitized Curtain Wall System
Overall SHGC for Typical Fixed Curtain Wall System Page I – 3
Overall SHGC for Typical Operable Window System Page I – 5
1.1 Mullion at Vision Plan Thermal Performance

1.1.1 Isotherms for Mullion at Vision Plan Page I – 7
1.1.2 Colored Infrared for Mullion at Vision Plan Page I – 8
1.1.3 U-factor for Mullion at Vision Plan Page I – 9
1.1.4 Colored Heat Flux Diagram for Mullion at Vision Plan Page I – 9
1.2 Stack Joint at Vision-Spandrel Thermal Performance

1.2.1 Isotherms for Stack Joint at Vision-Spandrel Page I – 10
1.2.2 Colored Infrared for Stack Joint at Vision-Spandrel Page I – 11
1.2.3 U-factor for Stack Joint at Vision-Spandrel Page I – 12
1.2.4 Colored Heat Flux Diagram for Stack Joint at Vision-Spandrel Page I – 12
1.3 Intermediate Transom at Vision-Spandrel Thermal Performance

1.3.1 Isotherms for Intermediate Transom at Vision-Spandrel Page I – 13
1.3.2 Colored Infrared for Intermediate Transom at Vision-Spandrel Page I – 14
1.3.3 U-factor for Intermediate Transom at Vision-Spandrel Page I – 15
1.3.4 Colored Heat Flux Diagram for Intermediate Transom at Vision-Spandrel Page I – 15
1.4 Intermediate Operable Transom at Vision-Spandrel Thermal Performance

1.4.1 Isotherms for Intermediate OperableTransom at Vision-Spandrel Page I – 16
1.4.2 Colored Infrared for Intermediate Operable Transom at Vision-Spandrel Page I – 17
1.4.3 U-factor for Intermediate Operable Transom at Vision-Spandrel Page I – 18
1.4.4 Colored Heat Flux Diagram for Intermediate Operable Transom at Vision-Spandrel Page I – 18
1.5 Operable Stack Joint at Vision-Spandrel Thermal Performance

1.5.1 Isotherms for Operable Stack Joint at Vision-Spandrel Page I – 19
1.5.2 Colored Infrared for Operable Stack Joint at Vision-Spandrel Page I – 20
1.5.3 U-factor for Operable Stack Joint at Vision-Spandrel Page I – 21
1.5.4 Colored Heat Flux Diagram for Operable Stack Joint at Vision-Spandrel Page I – 21
CHAPTER 2: Thermal Performance Analysis (NFRC Winter Condition) Page II – 1


Summary of Computations for U-Factor Page II – 2
U-Factor for the Typical Fixed Curtain Wall System Page II – 5
U-Factor for the Typical Operable Curtain Wall System Page II – 5
U-Factor for the Typical Spandrel Curtain Wall System Page II – 6
Overall U-Factor for the Low Zone Facade Module Page II – 6
Overall U-Factor for the Mid Zone Facade Module Page II – 6
Overall U-Factor for the High Zone Facade Module Page II – 6
2.1 Mullion at Spandrel Plan Thermal Performance

2.1.1 Isotherms for Mullion at Spandrel Plan Page II – 7
2.1.2 Colored Infrared for Mullion at Spandrel Plan Page II – 8
2.1.3 U-factor for Mullion at Spandrel Plan Page II – 9
2.1.4 Colored Heat Flux Diagram for Mullion at Spandrel Plan Page II – 9
2.2 Mullion at Vision Plan Thermal Performance

2.2.1 Isotherms for Mullion at Vision Plan Page II – 10
2.2.2 Colored Infrared for Mullion at Vision Plan Page II – 11
2.2.3 U-factor for Mullion at Vision Plan Page II – 12
2.2.4 Colored Heat Flux Diagram for Mullion at Vision Plan Page II – 12
2.3 Stack Joint at Vision-Spandrel Thermal Performance

2.3.1 Isotherms for Stack Joint at Vision-Spandrel Page II – 13
2.3.2 Colored Infrared for Stack Joint at Vision-Spandrel Page II – 14
2.3.3 U-factor for Stack Joint at Vision-Spandrel Page II – 15
2.3.4 Colored Heat Flux Diagram for Stack Joint at Vision-Spandrel Page II – 15
2.4 Intermediate Transom at Vision-Spandrel Thermal Performance

2.4.1 Isotherms for Intermediate Transom at Vision-Spandrel Page II – 16
2.4.2 Colored Infrared for Intermediate Transom at Vision-Spandrel Page II – 17
2.4.3 U-factor for Intermediate Transom at Vision-Spandrel Page II – 18
2.4.4 Colored Heat Flux Diagram for Intermediate Transom at Vision-Spandrel Page II – 18
2.5 Intermediate Operable Transom at Vision-Spandrel Thermal Performance

2.5.1 Isotherms for Intermediate OperableTransom at Vision-Spandrel Page II – 19
2.5.2 Colored Infrared for Intermediate Operable Transom at Vision-Spandrel Page II – 20
2.5.3 U-factor for Intermediate Operable Transom at Vision-Spandrel Page II – 21
2.5.4 Colored Heat Flux Diagram for Intermediate Operable Transom at Vision-Spandrel Page II – 21
2.6 Intermediate Transom at Spandrel-Spandrel Thermal Performance

2.6.1 Isotherms for Intermediate Transom at Spandrel-Spandrel Page II – 22
2.6.2 Colored Infrared for Intermediate Transom at Spandrel-Spandrel Page II – 23
2.6.3 U-factor for Intermediate Transom at Spandrel-Spandrel Page II – 24
2.6.4 Colored Heat Flux Diagram for Intermediate Transom at Spandrel-Spandrel Page II – 24
2.7 Operable Stack Joint at Vision-Spandrel Thermal Performance

2.7.1 Isotherms for Operable Stack Joint at Vision-Spandrel Page II – 25
2.7.2 Colored Infrared for Operable Stack Joint at Vision-Spandrel Page II – 26
2.7.3 U-factor for Operable Stack Joint at Vision-Spandrel Page II – 27
2.7.4 Colored Heat Flux Diagram for Operable Stack Joint at Vision-Spandrel Page II – 27
2.8 Stack Joint Section at Spandrel-Spandrel Thermal Performance

2.8.1 Isotherms for Stack Joint Section at Spandrel-Spandrel Page II – 28
2.8.2 Colored Infrared for Stack Joint Section at Spandrel-Spandrel Page II – 29
2.8.3 U-factor for Stack Joint Section at Spandrel-Spandrel Page II – 30
2.8.4 Colored Heat Flux Diagram for Stack Joint Section at Spandrel-Spandrel Page II – 30
INTRODUCTION
Preliminary Thermal Analysis of Typical Unitized Curtain Wall (Tinted Glass) System for BPO Tower
ONE AYALA AVENUE
Makati City, Philippines
· General
Professor Torsten Calvi Corporation was engaged by Makati Development Corporation to make a preliminary study of the
thermal performance of the unitized curtain wall system for the tower exterior facade of the BPO tower at One Ayala
Avenue, Makati City, Philippines. The typical framing members and glass options were analyzed using a finite element
computer model (THERM 7.4 version, developed at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA) in order to predict the
thermal conductivity of the curtain wall system. An area averaging calculation, in accordance with the procedures set out
by the National Fenestration and Ratings Council (NFRC100: Procedure for Determining Fenestration Product U-Factors
and NFRC 200: Procedure for Determining Fenestration Product Solar Heat Gain Coefficient and Visible Transmittance at
Normal Incidence) was used to determine the over-all thermal conductivity of the curtain wall.
For the vision and operable window panels, the glass type considered in the study are an 8mm+12AS+8mm thick
insulating glass unit (IGU) with tinted outer pane and a Low-E coating on the #2 surface, and clear inner pane, and a
10mm thick monolithic spandrel pane.
The U-factor and SHGC for the 1800mm spandrel and 2200mm vision facade layout were obtained in the analysis. The
quantity of the fixed, operable window, and spandrel panels was also considered to determine the total U-factor and
SHGC of the panels in the low, mid, and high zone areas.
Environmental conditions and design assumptions are in accordance with NFRC 100-2010. Analysis was conducted
under the following temperature conditions:
SHGC: 32 °C exterior temperature, 24 °C interior temperature, and outside air velocity of 5.5 m/s.
U-Factor: -18 °C exterior temperature, 21 °C interior temperature, and outside air velocity of 5.5 m/s.
Each curtain wall type was able to meet the following specifications: U-value of 2.8 W/m²K and SHGC of 0.25.
The computer model predicts that the total U-value and SHGC of the curtain wall system, including glazing with frame,
are as follows:
Overall Values
Location Number of Floors U-Factor SHGC
Low Zone (L7 to L19) 13 2.533 0.201
Mid Zone (L20 to L23) 4 2.562 0.201
High Zone (L24 to L26) 3 2.572 0.201
Area-Weighted
2.545 0.201
Average
The overall U-Factor and SHGC of the building are 2.545 W/m2-K and 0.201, respectively.
· Material Thermal Properties
Material Conductivity Emissivity

(W/m-K)
Aluminum Alloy (Painted) 160.00 0.9
Silicone 0.35 0.9
Silica Gel (Dessicant) – Loose Fill 0.03 0.9
Steel – Galvanized Sheet (0.14%C) 62.00 0.2
Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) 0.25 0.9
Insulation Fiberboard 0.05 0.9
Gypsum Board (12mm) 0.1512 0.9
Keff 1 2.8395 0.9
Keff 2 10.2300 0.9
· Environmental Conditions
One Ayala Avenue, Makati (SHGC)
A. U-Factor Inside
Inside Air Temperature 24.0 °C
Convection Model ASHRAE / NFRC Inside
Radiation Model ASHRAE / NFRC
Effective Room Temperature 24.0 °C
Effective Room Emissivity 1.0
B. U-Factor Outside
Outside Temperature 32.0 °C
Direct Solar Radiation 0.0 W/m2
Convection Model ASHRAE / NFRC Outside
Convection Coefficient 15.0 W/m2-K
Outside Wind Speed 2.75 m/s
Wind Direction Windward
Effective Sky Temperature 32.0 °C
Effective Sky Emissivity 1.0
C. SHGC Inside
D. SHGC Outside
Outside Temperature 32.0 °C
Effective Sky Temperature 32.0 °C
· Environmental Conditions
One Ayala Avenue, Makati (U-Factor)
A. U-Factor Inside

B. U-Factor Outside
Outside Temperature -18.0 °C
Effective Sky Temperature -18.0 °C
C. SHGC Inside
D. SHGC Outside
Outside Temperature -18.0 °C
Effective Sky Temperature -18.0 °C
· Glass Types and Properties

Typical Curtain Wall
U-Factor
Vision Glass:
Outer Pane Glass Code: VE192m-8mm-LoE.VIR
Outer Pane Thickness: 8.0 mm
Cavity: Air
Cavity Thickness: 12.0 mm
Inner Pane Glass Code: CLR_8.AFG
Inner Pane Thickness: 7.9 mm
Tilt: 90.0o
U Value: 1.638 W/m2-k
SHGCc: N/A
SCc: N/A
Vtc: 0.383
RHG: N/A
Spandrel Glass:
Glass Code: 01_Clear_10.syp
Thickness: 10.0 mm
Tilt: 90.0o
SHGCc: N/A
SCc: N/A
Vtc: 0.878
RHG: N/A
Typical Curtain Wall

SHGC
Vision Glass:
Outer Pane Glass Code: VE192m-8mm-LoE.VIR
Outer Pane Thickness: 8.0 mm
Cavity: Air
Cavity Thickness: 12.0 mm
Inner Pane Glass Code: CLR_8.AFG
Inner Pane Thickness: 7.9 mm
Tilt: 90.0o
SHGCc: 0.220
SCc: 0.253
Vtc: 0.383
RHG: 172 W/m2
Spandrel Glass:
Glass Code: 01_Clear_10.syp
Thickness: 10.0 mm
Tilt: 90.0o
SHGCc: 0.803
SCc: 0.922
Vtc: 0.878
RHG: 622 W/m2
ONE AYALA AVENUE

Typical Unitized Curtain Wall (Tinted Glass) System
Ayala Avenue, Makati City
AREA ELEVATION DRAWING
A – MULLION AT SPANDREL PLAN

B – MULLION AT VISION-OPERABLE WINDOW PLAN
C – STACKJOINT AT VISION-SPANDREL SECTION
D – STACKJOINT AT VISION-OPERABLE WINDOW SECTION
E – STACKJOINT AT SPANDREL-SPANDREL SECTION
F – INTERMEDIATE TRANSOM AT SPANDREL-VISION SECTION
F – INTERMEDIATE TRANSOM AT SPANDREL-OPERABLE WINDOW SECTION
G – INTERMEDIATE TRANSOM AT SPANDREL-SPANDREL SECTION
CHAPTER 1
Thermal Performance Analysis for

ONE AYALA AVENUE
NFRC Summer Condition
(Exterior Temperature = -18 oC,
Interior Temperature = 21 oC)
Thermal Performance Analysis (NFRC Summer Condition)

Page I - 1

ONE AYALA AVENUE, Ayala Avenue, Makati City, Typical Unitized Curtain Wall System
(NFRC Summer Condition: -18 oC exterior and 21 oC interior temperatures)
Summary of Computations for Overall Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC)

for the Vision Panel of the Typical Unitized Curtain Wall System

Page I - 2
Frame Solar Heat Gain Coefficient
SHGC f = α x Uf x Af
Asurf x hout
where: α = Frame/divider absorptance (0.5 if glazed or sloped system, 0.3

otherwise)
Uf = Average winter night-time U-factor of opaque areas
Af = Sum of opaque areas
Asurf = Sum of opaque wetted areas
hout = Exterior Air Film Coefficient = 30 W/m2-K
SHGC of Product with Center-Of-Glazing SHGC = 0
SHGC 0 = (SHGC xAx) + (SHGC dAd) + (SHGC eAe) + (SHGC deAe) + (SHGC leAe) + (SHGC cAc)
Apf
SHGC of Product with Center-Of-Glazing SHGC = 1
SHGC 1 = (SHGC xAx) + (SHGC dAd) + (SHGC eAe) + (SHGC deAe) + (SHGC leAe) + (SHGC cAc)
Apf
where: SHGC x = Frame SHGC as determined by SHGC f

Ax = Sum of frame areas
SHGC d = Divider SHGC as determined by SHGC f
Ad = Sum of divider areas
SHGC e = Edge-of-glazing SHGC set to zero for SHGC 0 and one for SHGC 1
Ae = Sum of edge-of-glazing areas
SHGC de = Edge-of-divider SHGC set to zero for SHGC 0 and one for SHGC 1
Ade = Sum of edge-of-divider areas
SHGC le = Door-lite edge SHGC set to zero for SHGC 0 and one for SHGC 1
Ale = Sum of door-lite edge areas
SHGC c = Center of glazing SHGC set to zero for SHGC 0 and one for SHGC 1
Ac = Center of glazing area
Apf = Projected fenestration area
Overall Fenestration Solar Heat Gain Coefficient
SHGC = SHGC 0 + SHGC cc(SHGC 1 – SHGC 0)
where SHGC 0 = SHGC of Product with Center-Of-Glazing SHGC = 0

SHGC 1 = SHGC of Product with Center-Of-Glazing SHGC = 1
SHGC cc = Actual center-of-glazing SHGC
Overall SHGC for Typical Fixed Curtain Wall System

Environmental Condition: Summer Condition
Tilt: 90o
Width: 1500 mm
Height: 2200 mm
Area: 3.3 m2
U-FACTOR HEIGHT WIDTH U-VALUExWIDTHxHEIGHT
ELEMENT ELEMENT DESCRIPTION
(W/m2-K) (mm) (mm) (W/K)
5 Mullion F rame 15.4182 2200.00 46.50 1.58
6 Mullion F rame 15.4182 2200.00 46.50 1.58
8 Intermediate Transom 13.0929 47.50 1407.00 0.88
9 Stack Sill 9.5612 99.50 1407.00 1.34
Sum 5.37
Overall U-Factor (W/m2-K) 13.0475

Page I - 3
Average winter night-time U-factor of opaque areas, Uf = 13.0475 W/m2-K

Actual SHGC of center-of-glazing, SHGC cc = 0.22
Frame/divider absorptance, α = 0.5
Sum of opaque areas, Af = 0.41 m2
Sum of opaque wetted areas, Asurf = 1.34 m2
Exterior Air Film Coefficient, hout = 30 W/m2-K
SHGC f = α Uf Af = 0.5 * 13.0475 * 0.41

Asurf hout 1.34 * 30
SHGC f = 0.067
HEIGHT WIDTH WETTED LENGTH WETTED AREA

ELEMENT ELEMENT DESCRIPTION AREA (m²)
(mm) (mm) (mm) (m²)
1 Center of vision glass 1926 1280 2.47 - -
Center of Glass Area (m²) = 2.47
2 Mullion Frame 2200.00 46.50 0.1 56.479 0.1243
3 Mullion Frame 2200.00 46.50 0.1 56.479 0.1243
4 Intermediate Transom Frame 47.50 1407.00 0.07 712.055 1.0019
5 Stack Joint Frame 99.50 1407.00 0.14 64.789 0.0912
Total Frame Area (m²) = 0.41 Wetted Area (m²) = 1.34
6 Edge of glass 2053.00 63.50 0.13 - -
7 Edge of glass 2053.00 63.50 0.13 - -
8 Edge of glass 63.50 1280.00 0.08 - -
9 Edge of glass 63.50 1280.00 0.08 - -
Total Edge of Glass Area (m²) = 0.42
Total Area (m²) = 3.3
Sum of frame areas, Ax = 0.41 m²

Sum of divider areas, Ad = 0
Sum of edge-of-glazing areas, Ae = 0.42 m²
Sum of edge-of-divider areas, Ade = 0
Sum of door-lite edge areas, Ale = 0
Center of glazing area, Ac = 2.47 m²
Projected fenestration area, Apf = 3.3 m²
SHGC 0 = (SHGC xAx) + (SHGCdAd) + (SHGC eAe) + (SHGC deAe) + (SHGC leAe) + (SHGC cAc)
Apf
= (0.067)(0.41) + (0)(0) + (0)(0.42) + (0)(0) + (0)(0) + (0)(2.47)
3.3
SHGC 0 = 0.008
Apf
= (0.067)(0.41) + (1)(0) + (1)(0.42) + (1)(0) + (1)(0) + (1)(2.47)
3.3
SHGC 1 = 0.884

ONE AYALA AVENUE, Makati City (Summer Condition)
= 0.008 + 0.22 (0.884 – 0.008)
SHGC = 0.201

Page I - 4
Overall SHGC for Typical Operable Curtain Wall System

Environmental Condition: Summer Condition
Tilt: 90o
Width: 1500 mm
Height: 2200 mm
Area: 3.3 m2
U-FACTOR HEIGHT WIDTH U-VALUExWIDTHxHEIGHT

(W/m2-K) (mm) (mm) (W/K)
5 Mullion F rame 15.4182 2200.00 46.50 1.58
6 Mullion F rame 15.4182 2200.00 46.50 1.58
8 Intermediate Transom 14.7083 47.50 1407.00 0.98
9 Stack Sill 9.2712 99.50 1407.00 1.30
Sum 5.44
Average winter night-time U-factor of opaque areas, Uf =13.2113 W/m2-K

Actual SHGC of center-of-glazing, SHGC cc = 0.22
Frame/divider absorptance, α = 0.5
Sum of opaque areas, Af = 0.41 m2
Sum of opaque wetted areas, Asurf = 1.34 m2
Exterior Air Film Coefficient, hout = 30 W/m2-K
SHGC f = α Uf Af = 0.5 * 13.2113 * 0.41

Asurf hout 1.34 * 30
SHGC f = 0.067
HEIGHT WIDTH WETTED LENGTH WETTED AREA

ELEMENT ELEMENT DESCRIPTION AREA (m²)
(mm) (mm) (mm) (m²)
1 Center of vision glass 1926 1280 2.47 - -
Center of Glass Area (m²) = 2.47
2 Mullion Frame 2200.00 46.50 0.1 56.479 0.1243
3 Mullion Frame 2200.00 46.50 0.1 56.479 0.1243
4 Intermediate TransomFrame 47.50 1407.00 0.07 712.255 1.0021
5 Stack Joint Frame 99.50 1407.00 0.14 64.889 0.0913
Total Frame Area (m²) = 0.41 Wetted Area (m²) = 1.34
6 Edge of glass 2053.00 63.50 0.13 - -
7 Edge of glass 2053.00 63.50 0.13 - -
8 Edge of glass 63.50 1280.00 0.08 - -
9 Edge of glass 63.50 1280.00 0.08 - -
Total Edge of Glass Area (m²) = 0.42
Total Area (m²) = 3.3
Sum of frame areas, Ax = 0.41 m²

Sum of divider areas, Ad = 0
Sum of edge-of-glazing areas, Ae = 0.42 m²
Sum of edge-of-divider areas, Ade = 0
Sum of door-lite edge areas, Ale = 0
Center of glazing area, Ac = 2.47 m²
Projected fenestration area, Apf = 3.3 m²
Apf
= (0.067)(0.41) + (0)(0) + (0)(0.42) + (0)(0) + (0)(0) + (0)(2.47)
3.3
SHGC 0 = 0.008

Page I - 5
Apf
= (0.067)(0.41) + (1)(0) + (1)(0.42) + (1)(0) + (1)(0) + (1)(2.47)
3.3
SHGC 1 = 0.884

ONE AYALA AVENUE, Makati City (Summer Condition)
= 0.008 + 0.22 (0.884 – 0.008)
SHGC = 0.201

Page I - 6
1.1 MULLION AT VISION PLAN THERMAL PERFORMANCE
(1.1.1) Isotherms for Mullion at Vision Plan

Page I - 7
(1.1.2) Colored Infrared for Mullion at Vision Plan

Page I - 8
(1.1.3) U Factors for Mullion at Vision Plan
(1.1.4) Colored Heat Flux Diagram for Mullion at Vision Plan

Page I - 9
1.2. STACKJOINT SECTION AT VISION-SPANDREL THERMAL PERFORMANCE
(1.2.1) Isotherms for Stackjoint Section at Vision-Spandrel

Page I - 10
(1.2.2) Colored Infrared for Stackjoint Section at Vision-Spandrel

Page I - 11
(1.2.3) U Factors for Stackjoint Section at Vision-Spandrel
(1.2.4) Colored Heat Flux Diagram for Stackjoint Section at Vision-Spandrel

Page I - 12
1.3 INTERMEDIATE TRANSOM SECTION AT VISION-SPANDREL THERMAL PERFORMANCE
(1.3.1) Isotherms for Intermediate Transom Section at Vision-Spandrel

Page I - 13
(1.3.2) Colored Infrared for Intermediate Transom Section at Vision-Spandrel

Page I - 14
(1.3.3) U Factors for Intermediate Transom Section at Vision-Spandrel
(1.3.4) Colored Heat Flux Diagram for Intermediate Transom Section at Vision-Spandrel

Page I - 15
1.4 INTERMEDIATE OPERABLE TRANSOM SECTION AT VISION-SPANDREL THERMAL

PERFORMANCE
(1.4.1) Isotherms for Intermediate Operable Transom Section at Vision-Spandrel

Page I - 16
(1.4.2) Colored Infrared for Intermediate Operable Transom Section at Vision-Spandrel

Page I - 17
(1.4.3) U Factors for Intermediate Operable Transom Section at Vision-Spandrel
(1.4.4) Colored Heat Flux Diagram for Intermediate Operable Transom Section at Vision-
Spandrel

Page I - 18
1.5. OPERABLE STACKJOINT SECTION AT VISION-SPANDREL THERMAL PERFORMANCE
(1.5.1) Isotherms for Operable Stackjoint Section at Vision-Spandrel

Page I - 19
(1.5.2) Colored Infrared for Operable Stackjoint Section at Vision-Spandrel

Page I - 20
(1.5.3) U Factors for Operable Stackjoint Section at Vision-Spandrel
(1.5.4) Colored Heat Flux Diagram for Operable Stackjoint Section at Vision-Spandrel

Page I - 21
CHAPTER 2
Thermal Performance Analysis for

ONE AYALA AVENUE
NFRC Winter Condition
(Exterior Temperature = -18 oC,
Interior Temperature = 21 oC)
Thermal Performance Analysis (NFRC Winter Condition)

Page II - 1

ONE AYALA AVENUE, Ayala Avenue, Makati City
(NFRC Winter Condition: -18oC exterior and 21oC interior temperatures)
Summary of Computations for U-Factor
Overall U-Factor = S(AreaixUi)

Areatotal
where: Areai = Area of the Element (ft2)

Ui = U-Factor Corresponding to the Element (Btu/h-ft²-F)
Areatotal = Total Study Area

Page II - 2

Page II - 3

Page II - 4
U-Factor for the Typical Fixed Curtain Wall System

Environmental Condition: U-Factor Condition
Tilt: 90o
Width: 1500 mm
Height: 4000 mm [1800mm+2200mm]
Area: 6.0 m2
U-FACTOR HEIGHT WIDTH U-FACTORxWIDTHxHEIGHT
(W/m2 -K) (mm) (mm) (W/K)
1 Center of Spandrel Glass 0.821 1564 1280 1.64
2 Center of Vision Glass 1.638 1926 1280 4.04
3 Mullion at Spandrel 11.955 1800 46.5 1.00
5 Mullion at Vision 15.418 2200 46.5 1.58
6 Mullion at Vision 15.418 2200 46.5 1.58
7 Stack Head 9.579 61.5 1407 0.83
8 Intermediate Transom 13.093 95 1407 1.75
9 Stack Sill 9.579 99.5 1407 1.34
10 Edge of Spandrel 1.110 1691 63.5 0.12
11 Edge of Spandrel 1.110 1691 63.5 0.12
12 Edge of Vision 1.986 2053 63.5 0.26
13 Edge of Vision 1.986 2053 63.5 0.26
14 Edge of Spandrel 0.860 63.5 1280 0.07
15 Edge of Spandrel 0.683 63.5 1280 0.06
16 Edge of Vision 2.130 63.5 1280 0.17
17 Edge of Vision 1.861 63.5 1280 0.15
Sum 15.96
Total U-Factor (W/m2-K) 2.6606
U-Factor for the Typical Operable Window System

Tilt: 90o
Width: 1500 mm
Height: 4000 mm [1800mm+2200mm]
Area: 6.0 m2

(W/m2-K) (mm) (mm) (W/K)
2 Center of Vision Glass 1.638 1926 1280 4.04
5 Mullion at Window 15.418 2200 46.5 1.58
6 Mullion at Window 15.418 2200 46.5 1.58
7 Stack Head 9.271 61.5 1407 0.80
9 Stack Sill 9.271 99.5 1407 1.30
10 Edge of Spandrel 1.110 1691 63.5 0.12
11 Edge of Spandrel 1.110 1691 63.5 0.12
12 Edge of Window 1.986 2053 63.5 0.26
13 Edge of Window 1.986 2053 63.5 0.26
14 Edge of Spandrel 0.844 63.5 1280 0.07
15 Edge of Spandrel 0.707 63.5 1280 0.06
16 Edge of Window 2.116 63.5 1280 0.17
17 Edge of Window 1.896 63.5 1280 0.15
Sum 16.11

Page II - 5
U-Factor for the Typical Spandrel Curtain Wall System

Tilt: 90o
Width: 1500 mm
Height: 4000 mm [1800mm+2200mm]
Area: 6.0 m2
(W/m2-K) (mm) (mm) (W/K)
7 Stack Head 8.253 61.5 1407 0.71
9 Stack Sill 8.253 99.5 1407 1.16
10 Edge of Spandrel 1.110 1691 63.5 0.12
11 Edge of Spandrel 1.110 1691 63.5 0.12
12 Edge of Spandrel 1.110 2053 63.5 0.14
13 Edge of Spandrel 1.110 2053 63.5 0.14
14 Edge of Spandrel 0.939 63.5 1280 0.08
15 Edge of Spandrel 0.821 63.5 1280 0.07
16 Edge of Spandrel 0.821 63.5 1280 0.07
17 Edge of Spandrel 0.939 63.5 1280 0.08
Sum 12.26
Overall U-Factor for the Low Zone Facade Module (L7 to L19)
LOW ZONE FACADE U-FACTOR NUMBER OF TOTAL U-VALUE x NUMBER
ELEMENT
MODULE (W/m2-K) PANELS PANELS ÷ TOTAL (W/m2-K)
1 Fixed Panel 2.6606 102 291 0.93
2 Window Panel 2.6853 124 291 1.14
3 Spandrel Panel 2.0428 65 291 0.46
Overall U-Factor for the Mid Zone Facade Module (L20 to L23)
MID-ZONE FACADE U-FACTOR NUMBER OF TOTAL U-VALUE x NUMBER
ELEMENT
1 Fixed Panel 2.6606 81 199 1.08
2 Window Panel 2.6853 83 199 1.12
3 Spandrel Panel 2.0428 35 199 0.36
Overall U-Factor for the High Zone Facade Module (L24 to L26)
HIGH ZONE FACADE U-FACTOR NUMBER OF TOTAL U-VALUE x NUMBER
ELEMENT
1 Fixed Panel 2.6606 64 150 1.14
2 Window Panel 2.6853 62 150 1.11
3 Spandrel Panel 2.0428 24 150 0.33

Page II - 6
2.1 MULLION AT SPANDREL PLAN THERMAL PERFORMANCE
(2.1.1) Isotherms for Mullion at Spandrel Plan

Page II - 7
(2.1.2) Colored Infrared for Mullion at Spandrel Plan

Page II - 8
(2.1.3) U Factors for Mullion at Spandrel Plan
(2.1.4) Colored Heat Flux Diagram for Mullion at Spandrel Plan

Page II - 9
2.2 MULLION AT VISION PLAN THERMAL PERFORMANCE
(2.2.1) Isotherms for Mullion at Vision Plan

Page II - 10
(2.2.2) Colored Infrared for Mullion at Vision Plan

Page II - 11
(2.2.3) U Factors for Mullion at Vision Plan
(2.2.4) Colored Heat Flux Diagram for Mullion at Vision Plan

Page II - 12
2.3. STACKJOINT SECTION AT VISION-SPANDREL THERMAL PERFORMANCE
(2.3.1) Isotherms for Stackjoint Section at Vision-Spandrel

Page II - 13
(2.3.2) Colored Infrared for Stackjoint Section at Vision-Spandrel

Page II - 14
(2.3.3) U Factors for Stackjoint Section at Vision-Spandrel
(2.3.4) Colored Heat Flux Diagram for Stackjoint Section at Vision-Spandrel

Page II - 15
2.4 INTERMEDIATE TRANSOM SECTION AT VISION-SPANDREL THERMAL PERFORMANCE
(2.4.1) Isotherms for Intermediate Transom Section at Vision-Spandrel

Page II - 16
(2.4.2) Colored Infrared for Intermediate Transom Section at Vision-Spandrel

Page II - 17
(2.4.3) U Factors for Intermediate Transom Section at Vision-Spandrel
(2.4.4) Colored Heat Flux Diagram for Intermediate Transom Section at Vision-Spandrel

Page II - 18
2.5 INTERMEDIATE OPERABLE TRANSOM SECTION AT VISION-SPANDREL THERMAL

PERFORMANCE
(2.5.1) Isotherms for Intermediate Operable Transom Section at Vision-Spandrel

Page II - 19
(2.5.2) Colored Infrared for Intermediate Operable Transom Section at Vision-Spandrel

Page II - 20
(2.5.3) U Factors for Intermediate Operable Transom Section at Vision-Spandrel
(2.5.4) Colored Heat Flux Diagram for Intermediate Operable Transom Section at Vision-
Spandrel

Page II - 21
2.6 INTERMEDIATE TRANSOM SECTION AT SPANDREL-SPANDREL THERMAL PERFORMANCE
(2.6.1) Isotherms for Intermediate Transom Section at Spandrel-Spandrel

Page II - 22
(2.6.2) Colored Infrared for Intermediate Transom Section at Spandrel-Spandrel

Page II - 23
(2.6.3) U Factors for Intermediate Transom Section at Spandrel-Spandrel
(2.6.4) Colored Heat Flux Diagram for Intermediate Transom Section at Spandrel-Spandrel

Page II - 24
2.7 OPERABLE STACKJOINT SECTION AT VISION-SPANDREL THERMAL PERFORMANCE
(2.7.1) Isotherms for Operable Stackjoint Section at Vision-Spandrel

Page II - 25
(2.7.2) Colored Infrared for Operable Stackjoint Section at Vision-Spandrel

Page II - 26
(2.7.3) U Factors for Operable Stackjoint Section at Vision-Spandrel
(2.7.4) Colored Heat Flux Diagram for Operable Stackjoint Section at Vision-Spandrel

Page II - 27
2.8 STACKJOINT SECTION AT SPANDREL-SPANDREL THERMAL PERFORMANCE
(2.8.1) Isotherms for Stackjoint Section at Spandrel-Spandrel

Page II - 28
(2.8.2) Colored Infrared for Stackjoint Section at Spandrel-Spandrel

Page II - 29
(2.8.3) U Factors for Stackjoint Section at Spandrel-Spandrel
(2.8.4) Colored Heat Flux Diagram for Stackjoint Section at Spandrel-Spandrel

Page II - 30

PTCC Thermal Calculation (1 Ví Dụ Tính Toán Nhiệt Cho Unitized)

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PTCC Thermal Calculation (1 Ví Dụ Tính Toán Nhiệt Cho Unitized)

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Professor Torsten Calvi Corporation

11th Floor, Telecoms Plaza,

Preliminary Thermal Analysis of

ONE AYALA AVENUE

Document Reference No.

Revision Status Summary

Submittal Date Revision Notes Comments

Introduction / Executive Summary

Area Elevation Drawing

CHAPTER 1: Thermal Performance Analysis (NFRC Summer Condition) Page I – 1

Average Thermal Performance

1.1 Mullion at Vision Plan Thermal Performance

1.2 Stack Joint at Vision-Spandrel Thermal Performance

1.3 Intermediate Transom at Vision-Spandrel Thermal Performance

1.4 Intermediate Operable Transom at Vision-Spandrel Thermal Performance

1.5 Operable Stack Joint at Vision-Spandrel Thermal Performance

CHAPTER 2: Thermal Performance Analysis (NFRC Winter Condition) Page II – 1

Average Thermal Performance

2.1 Mullion at Spandrel Plan Thermal Performance

2.2 Mullion at Vision Plan Thermal Performance

2.3 Stack Joint at Vision-Spandrel Thermal Performance

2.4 Intermediate Transom at Vision-Spandrel Thermal Performance

2.5 Intermediate Operable Transom at Vision-Spandrel Thermal Performance

2.6 Intermediate Transom at Spandrel-Spandrel Thermal Performance

2.7 Operable Stack Joint at Vision-Spandrel Thermal Performance

2.8 Stack Joint Section at Spandrel-Spandrel Thermal Performance

· Material Thermal Properties

Material Conductivity Emissivity

Radiation Model ASHRAE / NFRC

· Glass Types and Properties

Typical Curtain Wall

ONE AYALA AVENUE

AREA ELEVATION DRAWING

A – MULLION AT SPANDREL PLAN

Thermal Performance Analysis for

Thermal Performance Analysis (NFRC Summer Condition)

Average Thermal Performance

Summary of Computations for Overall Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC)

Thermal Performance Analysis (NFRC Summer Condition)

Frame Solar Heat Gain Coefficient

where: α = Frame/divider absorptance (0.5 if glazed or sloped system, 0.3

SHGC of Product with Center-Of-Glazing SHGC = 0

where: SHGC x = Frame SHGC as determined by SHGC f

Overall Fenestration Solar Heat Gain Coefficient

SHGC = SHGC 0 + SHGC cc(SHGC 1 – SHGC 0)

where SHGC 0 = SHGC of Product with Center-Of-Glazing SHGC = 0

Overall SHGC for Typical Fixed Curtain Wall System

Overall U-Factor (W/m2-K) 13.0475

Thermal Performance Analysis (NFRC Summer Condition)

Average winter night-time U-factor of opaque areas, Uf = 13.0475 W/m2-K

SHGC f = α Uf Af = 0.5 * 13.0475 * 0.41

HEIGHT WIDTH WETTED LENGTH WETTED AREA

Sum of frame areas, Ax = 0.41 m²

Overall Fenestration Solar Heat Gain Coefficient

SHGC = SHGC 0 + SHGC cc(SHGC 1 – SHGC 0)

= 0.008 + 0.22 (0.884 – 0.008)

Thermal Performance Analysis (NFRC Summer Condition)

Overall SHGC for Typical Operable Curtain Wall System

U-FACTOR HEIGHT WIDTH U-VALUExWIDTHxHEIGHT

Overall U-Factor (W/m2-K) 13.2113

Average winter night-time U-factor of opaque areas, Uf =13.2113 W/m2-K

SHGC f = α Uf Af = 0.5 * 13.2113 * 0.41

HEIGHT WIDTH WETTED LENGTH WETTED AREA

Sum of frame areas, Ax = 0.41 m²